Impact of Virtual Seminars on Hepatitis B Knowledge and Attitudes Among Preclinical-Year Medical Students.

Background A limited understanding of hepatitis B virus (HBV) disease transmission contributes to fear of routine contact and can stigmatize affected individuals. To reduce potential HBV-related discrimination, there is a need to increase awareness among medical students on HBV knowledge and transmission. We aimed to assess the impact of virtual education seminars on first- and second-year medical students' understanding of HBV and their attitudes toward HBV infection. Methods Pre- and post-seminar surveys were designed and administered to first- and second-year medical students in the February and August 2021 virtual HBV seminars to assess basic knowledge and attitudes toward HBV infection. The seminars consisted of a lecture on HBV followed by case study discussions. Paired samples t-test and McNemar's test for paired proportional differences were used for analysis. Results This study included 24 first-year and 16 second-year medical students who completed both pre- and post-seminar surveys. After attending the seminar, participants demonstrated an increase in correct responses to transmission modes including vertical transmission (p≤0.001) and sharing razors or toothbrushes (p=0.031) rather than sharing utensils or shaking hands (p<0.01). Using 5-point Likert means, improved attitudes were observed in concerns of shaking hands or hugging (pre=2.4, post=1.3, p<0.001) and caring for someone with infection (pre=1.55, post=1.18, p=0.009), and acceptance of an HBV-infected coworker in the same workplace (pre = 4.13, post= 4.78, p<0.001). Conclusion The virtual education seminars clarify misconceptions about transmission and bias towards individuals with HBV infection. Implementation of educational seminars in medical students' training is important to improve overall knowledge of HBV infection.

Routine endometrial receptivity array in first embryo transfer cycles does not improve live birth rate.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the live birth rate between patients who undergo personalized embryo transfer (pET) after endometrial receptivity array (ERA) versus frozen embryo transfer (FET) with standard timing in first single euploid FET cycles. To report the rate of displacement of the window of implantation (WOI) in an infertile population without a history of implantation failure. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study of patients who underwent their first single euploid programmed FET. SETTING: Private fertility clinic. PATIENT(S): Patients who underwent first autologous single euploid programmed FET between January 2018 and April 2019. INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial biopsy with ERA followed by pET as indicated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Live birth rate and rate of receptive and nonreceptive ERA. RESULT(S): A total of 228 single euploid FET cycles were included in our analysis. Of those, 147 (64.5%) were ERA/pET cycles, and 81 (35.5%) were standard timing FET cycles. Endometrial receptivity array was receptive in 60/147 (40.8%) and nonreceptive in 87/147 (59.2%) patients. Nonreceptive ERAs were prereceptive in 93.1% of cases. The live birth rate did not differ between patients who underwent FET with standard timing and patients who underwent ERA/pET, 45/81 (56.6%) and 83/147 (56.5%), respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Our data do not support the routine use of ERA in an unselected patient population undergoing first autologous single euploid programmed embryo transfer.

Simultaneous Bilateral Hip Arthroscopy.

Many patients are afflicted with painful conditions affecting both hips, most commonly femoroacetabular impingement. Some patients prefer the advantage of undergoing a single surgical procedure and anesthetic followed by a single postoperative rehabilitation program. We present a Technical Note on single-stage bilateral hip arthroscopy. This Technical Note reports on key steps enabling safe and efficient performance of bilateral arthroscopic acetabuloplasty, labral refixation, femoroplasty, and dynamic testing while limiting traction times and facilitating rapid transition to the second hip arthroscopic surgery. Enabling factors include supine positioning with bilateral mobile leg spars, rapid surgical and hip traction times, and postoperative rehabilitation with immediate weight bearing as tolerated. A rationale for deciding which hip should undergo arthroscopy first is also offered. Concurrent bilateral hip arthroscopy is a viable option for select patients and experienced surgical teams, enabling potentially expedited recovery and return to work or sport with inherent cost savings.