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Background: Oral outcomes may have an impact on quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with the impact of fixed appliance orthodontic treatment on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of adolescents. Material and Methods: Individuals aged 10 to 18 years undergoing orthodontic treatment were included. Data regarding adolescents' sex and age, parental schooling, family income, and number of individuals who depend on income were collected. Clinical variables, orthodontic tooth extraction and malocclusion severity were also analyzed. OHRQoL was assessed with a questionnaire with items distributed across nine domains: aesthetics, functional limitation, diet, hygiene, maintenance, physical impact, social impact, time constraints, and transport/cost inconveniences. The higher the score, the more negative the adolescent's perception of his/her OHRQoL. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: Seventy-five adolescents participated. Individuals aged ≤12 years had a more negative perception of the diet domain (p=0.026). Individuals whose parents/guardians had ≥8 years of schooling had a more negative perception of the impact on the hygiene domain (p<0.024). Individuals whose families had an income of ≤2 salaries had a more negative perception of the maintenance domain (p=0.016). Girls had a more negative perception of the physical impact domain (p<0.018). Girls (p=0.011), adolescents whose families had an income of ≤2 salaries (p=0.003), and adolescents who had severe malocclusion (p=0.026) had a more negative perception of the transport/cost inconveniences domain. Girls had a significantly higher overall score in response to the questionnaire than boys (p=0.041). Conclusions: Adolescents' sex, age, and malocclusion as well as parental education and family income were associated with the impact of orthodontic treatment on adolescents' OHRQoL. Key words:Adolescent, Quality of life, Orthodontic treatment, Fixed appliance.
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INTRODUCTION: The heat treatment of stainless steel wires is a routine clinical procedure adopted by many dentists in order to relieve the stress caused after performing bends in the archwire. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of heat treatment of stainless steel archwires with a rectangular section of 0.016 x 0.022'-in. METHODS: For analysis of the dimensional stability, the anterior and posterior dimensions of forty 0.016 x 0.022-in stainless steel orthodontic archwires without heat treatment and 30 days after heat treatment were evaluated. For analysis of the mechanical properties, 12 stainless steel wire segments with the same rectangular section without heat treatment and 30 days after heat treatment were tested through tensile strength and strain tests. To evaluate if there were differences between the anterior and posterior dimensions, the results were analyzed by the Student's t-test. To compare the tensile strength and strain between the groups, the ANOVA test was used. The level of significance adopted was 95% (p< 0.05). RESULTS: The heat treatment did not stop the expansion of archwires 30 days after their preparation, and there was no statistical difference in the tensile strength and strain tests with and without heat treatment. CONCLUSION: From the findings of this study, it can be conclude that the mechanical behavior of heat-treated stainless steel archwires is similar to that of archwires not subjected to heat treatment.
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Soportes Ortodóncicos , Alambres para Ortodoncia , Aleaciones Dentales , Calor , Ensayo de Materiales , Acero Inoxidable , Propiedades de Superficie , Resistencia a la TracciónRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Introduction: The heat treatment of stainless steel wires is a routine clinical procedure adopted by many dentists in order to relieve the stress caused after performing bends in the archwire. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of heat treatment of stainless steel archwires with a rectangular section of 0.016 x 0.022'-in. Methods: For analysis of the dimensional stability, the anterior and posterior dimensions of forty 0.016 x 0.022-in stainless steel orthodontic archwires without heat treatment and 30 days after heat treatment were evaluated. For analysis of the mechanical properties, 12 stainless steel wire segments with the same rectangular section without heat treatment and 30 days after heat treatment were tested through tensile strength and strain tests. To evaluate if there were differences between the anterior and posterior dimensions, the results were analyzed by the Student's t-test. To compare the tensile strength and strain between the groups, the ANOVA test was used. The level of significance adopted was 95% (p< 0.05). Results: The heat treatment did not stop the expansion of archwires 30 days after their preparation, and there was no statistical difference in the tensile strength and strain tests with and without heat treatment. Conclusion: From the findings of this study, it can be conclude that the mechanical behavior of heat-treated stainless steel archwires is similar to that of archwires not subjected to heat treatment.
RESUMO Introdução: o tratamento térmico de fios de aço inoxidável é um procedimento clínico rotineiro adotado por muitos cirurgiões-dentistas para aliviar o estresse causado após a confecção de dobras no fio. O presente estudo avaliou a influência do tratamento térmico em fios de aço inoxidável com secção retangular de 0,016'' x 0,022''. Métodos: para análise da estabilidade dimensional, foram avaliadas as dimensões anteriores e posteriores de 40 arcos ortodônticos de aço inoxidável de 0,016'' x 0,022'' sem tratamento térmico e 30 dias após o tratamento térmico. Para análise das propriedades mecânicas, 12 segmentos de fio de aço inoxidável com a mesma secção retangular sem tratamento térmico e 30 dias após o tratamento térmico foram analisadas por testes de resistência à tração e tensão. Para verificar se houve diferenças entre as dimensões anteriores e posteriores, os resultados foram analisados pelo teste t de Student. Para comparar a resistência à tração e tensão entre os grupos, foi utilizado o teste ANOVA. O nível de significância adotado foi 95% (p< 0,05). Resultados: o tratamento térmico não interrompeu a expansão dos fios 30 dias após seu preparo, e não houve diferença estatística nos testes de resistência à tração e tensão com e sem o tratamento térmico. Conclusão: pelos achados desse estudo, conclui-se que o comportamento mecânico de fios submetidos a tratamento térmico é semelhante ao de fios de aço não submetidos ao tratamento térmico.
Asunto(s)
Alambres para Ortodoncia , Soportes Ortodóncicos , Acero Inoxidable , Propiedades de Superficie , Resistencia a la Tracción , Ensayo de Materiales , Aleaciones Dentales , CalorRESUMEN
O objetivo desse trabalho foi confrontar as abordagens dos tratamentos envolvendo periodontite agressiva e ortodontia através de uma revisão de literatura baseada em artigos de condutas clínicas. Foi realizada uma busca na base de dados PubMed, retroativa a 10 anos e utilizando palavras-chave Mesh. Ao final da seleção, resultaram 13 artigos de casos clínicos e um artigo com uma série de casos. A maioria envolveu pacientes jovens e mulheres, e todos realizaram tratamento periodontal e ortodôntico para controle da periodontite agressiva. A perda óssea severa não contraindica o uso de aparelho ortodôntico, e a movimentação dentária associada com um intenso controle periodontal apresenta-se como uma forma de sucesso no tratamento da doença.
The aim of this study was to elucidate treatment approaches involving aggressive periodontitis and orthodontics through a literature review based on articles of clinical procedures. A search was conducted in PubMed database using MeSH key words and limited to the past 10 years. The appropriate studies were selected and resulted in 13 papers of single case reports and one paper including four case reports. The majority of the cases involved young patients and women, and all underwent orthodontic and periodontal treatment to control aggressive periodontitis. Severe bone loss does not contraindicate the use of braces and tooth movement together with an appropriate periodontal control presents a way to successfully treat the disease.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Periodontitis Agresiva/diagnóstico , Periodontitis Agresiva/terapia , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Enfermedades Periodontales , Técnicas de Movimiento DentalRESUMEN
Aim: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the effects of phase 2 with fixed appliances, after phase 1 Bionator treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion, as compared to a matching control group. Methods: The experimental group consisted of 20 patients who were evaluated after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances subsequently to functional therapy with the Bionator in phase 1. A control group consisting of 20 Class II, division 1 individuals. Results: During phase 1 there was significant forward growth restriction in the maxillary complex, improvement of the maxillomandibular relationship and decrease in facial convexity. There was also significant reduction of the maxillary incisor proclination and protrusion, protrusion of the mandibular incisors, and vertical development of the mandibular molars. The overjet was significantly reduced and the molar relationship was significantly improved. Treatment during phase 2, with fixed appliances, resulted in significant maxillary forward growth restriction and facial convexity reduction. Conclusion: Major Class II skeletal and dentoalveolar anteroposterior correction was obtained during phase 1, with the Bionator. Phase 2, with fixed appliances only produced a significant maxillary forward growth restriction and facial convexity reduction, without any significant dentoalveolar change
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Aparatos Activadores , Maloclusión Clase II de AngleRESUMEN
A avulsão de incisivos permanentes gera um problema estético e funcional para o paciente e seu manejo clínico representa um desafio na odontologia. O sucesso do tratamento depende de vários fatores como a idade do paciente, a quantidade e qualidade óssea da região edêntula, a discrepância óssea e o tipo de maloclusão encontrada. Ressalta-se a importância de minimizar efeitos colaterais nas unidades de ancoragem, garantindo ao mesmo tempo função e estética ao longo dos tratamentos ortodôntico e protético, requeridos na maioria dos casos. O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar através de um relato de caso a versatilidade dos mini-implantes na reabilitação temporária de incisivos permanentes em indivíduos em fase de crescimento e desenvolvimento facial. Um menino de 9 anos que apresentava relação de molar em Classe I e mesialização dos incisivos laterais, caninos e pré-molares superiores devido à ausência dos incisivos centrais superiores, que foram avulsionados, foi tratado. Ao final de 1 ano e 8 meses de tratamento, pôde-se estabelecer uma intercuspidação dentária aceitável e espaço adequado para confecção das coroas provisórias sobre os parafusos. O acompanhamento radiográfico foi realizado através de radiografias periapicais e panorâmicas. Na literatura,estudos mostram que os mini-implantes contribuem para a manutenção da quantidade e qualidade óssea do processo alveolar, reduzindo a necessidade de futuras cirurgias de enxerto antes da fixação dos implantes osseointegrados. Dessa forma, esse caso mostrou que a ancoragem esquelética com mini-implantes ortodônticos autoperfurantes auxilia na reabilitação de pacientes que ainda não possuem uma idade óssea suficiente para receberem implantes dentários osseointegrados.(AU)
The avulsion of permanent incisors creates an esthetic and functional problem for the patient and its clinical management is a challenge in dentistry. Treatment success depends on several factors such as patient age, the quantity and quality of edentulous bone area, bone discrepancy and the type of malocclusion found. The importance of minimizing side effects in the anchoring units should be emphasized, while ensuring function and esthetics during the orthodontic and prosthetic treatment required in most cases. The aim of this paper is to present through a case report the versatility of mini-implants in the temporary rehabilitation of permanent incisors in individuals in the growth and facial development phase. A 9-yearold boy who had molar relationship in Class I and mesial movement of the lateral incisors, canines and premolars due to the absence of the elements 11 and 21, which were avulsed, was treated. After 1 year and 8 months of treatment, it was possible to establish an acceptable dental intercuspidation and enough space for the manufacturing of pontics on the screws. The radiographic monitoring was performed by periapical and panoramic radiographies. In literature studies show that the mini-implants contribute to the maintenance of bone quantity and quality of the alveolar process, reducing the need for future bone grafting surgeries before fixation of dental implants. So this case showed that the skeletal anchorage with selfdrilling orthodontic mini-implants helps in the rehabilitation of patients who lack sufficient bone age to receive osseointegrated dental implants.(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Densidad Ósea , Tornillos Óseos , Avulsión de DienteRESUMEN
Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo é a validação de um software (Easy Age) para avaliar a maturação óssea por meio das vértebras cervicais, demonstrando sua aplicabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Métodos: a amostra constou de 500 telerradiografias em norma lateral de pacientes de ambos os sexos, dos 7 aos 15 anos de idade, que foram examinadas por 3 avaliadores, duas vezes para o método visual e duas vezes com o software. Resultados: para avaliar a concordância inter e intra-examinador, aplicou-se o teste de concordância Kappa, que mostrou um nível substancial de concordância para a avaliação visual das vértebras cervicais, enquanto que para a avaliação das vértebras cervicais por meio do software, mostrou um nível quase perfeito de concordância para todos os avaliadores. No teste de Friedman, aplicado para comparar as avaliações entre o 1º e o 2º exame visual e entre o 1º e o 2º exame por meio do software, não houve diferenças significativas. Para validação do software foi realizada a comparação entre os resultados obtidos pelo método visual e pelo software, pelo teste de correlação de Spearman, e os valores entre o 1º e o 2º exame visual e entre o 1º e o 2º exame software mostraram correlação forte, estatisticamente significante, entre as medições dos exames visuais e do software. Conclusão: conclui-se assim que o software é válido e melhorou a aplicabilidade e a reprodutibilidade do método de estimação da idade óssea.(AU)
Aim: The present study aimed to validate a software (Easy Age) to assess skeletal maturation by cervical vertebrae, demonstrating its applicability and reproducibility. Methods: For this, the sample consisted of 500 lateral radiographs of patients of both genders, from 7 to 15 years of age, who were examined by three evaluators, twice for the visual method and twice with the software. To evaluate the inter- and intra-examiner agreement, the Kappa test was applied, which showed a substantial level of agreement for the visual assessment of the cervical vertebrae, while the evaluation of the cervical vertebrae through the software showed a level that presented almost perfect agreement for all evaluators. Friedman's test was applied to compare the ratings between the 1st and 2nd visual examinations and between the 1st and 2nd examinations using the software, which presented no significant differences. To validate the software, a comparison was performed between the results obtained by the visual method and those obtained by the software, using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The results showed a strong, statistically significant correlation between the measurements from the visual examination and those from the software evaluation. Conclusion: It can therefore be concluded that the software is valid and improved the applicability and reproducibility of the method of estimating skeletal age.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Determinación de la Edad por el Esqueleto , Vértebras Cervicales , Validación de Programas de Computación , Aplicaciones de la Informática Médica , Ortodoncia , Intensificación de Imagen RadiográficaRESUMEN
Marfan syndrome is an autosomal-dominant genetic disorder that affects connective tissues. Diagnosis is based on genetic history as well as major and minor clinical criteria. This article presents a case of Marfan syndrome, emphasizing the clinical manifestations of the disease, and provides an overview of oral management. Knowledge of the etiopathologic and clinical aspects of this condition is essential to providing dental treatment aimed at improving the quality of life of affected individuals.
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Maloclusión/terapia , Síndrome de Marfan/complicaciones , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Maloclusión/etiología , Soportes Ortodóncicos , Hueso Paladar/anomalíasRESUMEN
Objetivo: O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar a estabilidade dimensional de moldes de dois diferentes alginatos (Cavex Color Change®, Cavex Holland BV, Netherlands; Hydrogum®5, Zhermack, Italy), armazenados em diferentes intervalos de tempo, utilizando dois dispositivos diferentes (D1 e D2 - figuras 1 e 2 respectivamente). Métodos: Após a manipulação e presa completa dos alginatos, foram realizadas medidas diretamente nos moldes dos alginatos, nos tempos T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5 (imediatamente, 30 minutos, 2 horas, 24 horas, 48 horas e 120 horas, respectivamente), para cálculo do percentual de alteração dimensional dos moldes em cada dispositivo. Os dados foram analisados pelo testes Two-Way ANOVA e Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A análise estatística mostrou diferença entre os tempos (F=29,956; p<0,001), mas não houve diferença entre os alginatos (F=3,155; p=0,076) para o dispositivo 1. Em relação ao dispositivo 2, houve diferença tanto em relação aos tempos (F=21,495; p<0,001) quanto em relação aos alginatos (F=5,595; p=0,015). Conclusões: Os alginatos testados podem ser armazenados com segurança somente por até duas horas após sua presa.(AU)
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Alginatos , Materiales de Impresión Dental , Precisión de la Medición Dimensional , Materiales DentalesRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: External apical root resorption (EARR) is an adverse outcome of the orthodontic treatment. So far, no single or associated factor has been identified as responsible for EARR due to tooth movement. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the association of risk variables (age, gender, extraction for orthodontic treatment and Angle classification) with EARR and orthodontic treatment. METHOD: The sample (n=72) was divided into two groups according to presence (n=32) or absence (n=40) of EARR in maxillary central and lateral incisors after orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in EARR according to age, gender, extraction or type of malocclusion (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The risk variables examined were not associated with EARR in the study population.
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Dental trauma can cause physical, esthetic, and psychological problems. This paper presents the case of a 2-year-old boy who suffered multiple avulsions of the maxillary anterior teeth. Treatment consisted of fixed orthodontic appliances with artificial anterior teeth. The clinical follow-up lasted for three years. The procedure for the re-establishment of esthetic and dental function was based on a simple, low-cost therapeutic solution. The child and parents were satisfied with the treatment results.
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Diente Canino/lesiones , Incisivo/lesiones , Avulsión de Diente/terapia , Diente Primario/lesiones , Preescolar , Estética Dental , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Diseño de Aparato Ortodóncico , Técnica de Expansión Palatina/instrumentación , Satisfacción del Paciente , Mantenimiento del Espacio en Ortodoncia/instrumentación , Diente ArtificialRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: External apical root resorption (EARR) is a frequent complication of orthodontic treatment. Interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) is a potent stimulus for bone resorption and osteoclastic cell recruitment during orthodontic tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between a polymorphism in the IL-1beta genes and EARR during orthodontic treatment. METHODS: The sample included 61 Brazilian orthodontic patients, divided into 2 groups according to the presence (affected group, n = 23) or absence (control group, n = 38) of EARR in the central and lateral maxillary incisors in the posttreatment period. DNA was obtained from buccal swab cells. The polymorphism was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction followed by digestion with restriction enzyme. The polymerase chain reaction products were analyzed in 10% polyacrylamide gel and stained with silver. RESULTS: There were significant statistical differences (P <0.05) among the frequencies of the alleles and genotypes of the IL-1beta gene polymorphism between the affected and unaffected groups, suggesting that allele 1 predisposed the subjects to EARR (odds ratio = 4.0). CONCLUSIONS: The polymorphism of the IL-1beta gene is associated with root resorption in the studied population.
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Interleucina-1beta/genética , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Resorción Radicular/genética , Ápice del Diente/patología , Adolescente , Alelos , Brasil , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/genética , Genotipo , Humanos , Incisivo/patología , Masculino , Maxilar/patología , Odontometría , Ortodoncia Correctiva/efectos adversos , Radiografía de Mordida Lateral , Resorción Radicular/etiologíaRESUMEN
A growing number of adults are seeking orthodontic treatment. These patients require a different treatment approach than younger patients receive. Treatment of adult patients with dental-skeletal and facial abnormalities is not restricted to surgical correction alone; it also involves dental displacement. This case report illustrates how proper facial analysis and correct diagnosis relates to the planning of orthodontic treatment. In addition, it outlines the importance of informing patients about the risks and benefits of possible treatment modalities.
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Maloclusión/terapia , Planificación de Atención al Paciente , Técnicas de Movimiento Dental/métodos , Adulto , Cefalometría/métodos , Humanos , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/rehabilitación , Masculino , Maloclusión/diagnóstico , Maloclusión Clase I de Angle/diagnóstico , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/diagnóstico , Maxilar/anomalíasRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: avaliar a efetividade do esterilizador com esferas de vidro Steri® 350, quanto ao controle de infecção das partes ativas dos alicates ortodônticos. METODOLOGIA: foram utilizados nove alicates ortodônticos, previamente esterilizados em autoclave à temperatura de 121ºC, durante 20 minutos. Posteriormente, as partes ativas dos alicates foram contaminadas com Bacillus stearothermophilus. Logo após, as pontas dos alicates foram colocadas no Steri® 350, durante os períodos de 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 e 40 segundos, em temperatura de 255ºC, para avaliar a eficácia da esterilização. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: o esterilizador com esferas de vidro mostrou-se eficaz no controle do crescimento de Bacillus stearothermophilus nas partes ativas dos alicates ortodônticos, a partir de 10 segundos de exposição à temperatura de 255ºC.
AIM: The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of Steri® 350glass bead sterilizer, on the infection control of the active part of the orthodontic pliers. METHODS: Nine orthodontic pliers were sterilized in the steam autoclave at 121ºC in 20 minutes and subsequently the active part of each plier was dipped in a culture for Bacillus stearothermophilus. Later, the active part of each plier was putted into the Steri® 350 in the following periods: 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40 seconds at 255ºC to evaluate the efficiency of this method in the infection control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: This sterilization method has been effective to control the presence of Bacillus stearothermophilus on the active part of orthodontic pliers at 255ºC in 10 seconds.
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Esterilización/métodos , Ortodoncia/instrumentación , Geobacillus stearothermophilus , InfeccionesRESUMEN
Este artigo tem como objetivo discorrer sobre a expansão rápida da maxila por intermédio do disjuntor palatino modificado tipo "Borboleta". Este tipo de disjuntor merece atenção especial, devido às suas indicações de uso serem diferentes das indicações que norteiam o uso dos disjuntores convencionais. Trata-se de um aparelho destinado à correção ortopédica de más oclusões transversais que atingem a pré-maxila. Para tanto, utiliza-se um parafuso central especial com uma dobradiça na região dos molares, promovendo um efeito de expansão em leque.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Aparatos Ortodóncicos , Maxilar , Técnica de Expansión PalatinaRESUMEN
A dilaceração radicular é uma alteração de forma anatômica, geralmente associada a fatores etiológicos traumáticos que acomete cerca de 3% dos dentes permanentes. O tratamento de dentes impactados com dilaceração radicular e controverso e o planejamento sempre que possível deve ser o tracionamento do dente visando o posicionamento correto dentro do arcodentário. O presente trabalho apresenta um caso clínico de incisivo central superior permanente impactado e dilacerado cuja opção de tratamento foi o tracionamento ortodôntico.
Dilacerated mot is an anatomic anomaly, usually associated with traumatic injury. It includes approximately 3% of the permanent teeth. The treatment of dilacerated impacted teeth is a contraversy. The treatment objective should be, possible, the orthodontic traction to the correct position into the arch. This study report a clinical case where the pacient had an impactedand dilacerated upper central incisor whose treatment was ortodontic traction.
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Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Ortodoncia , Raíz del Diente/anomalías , Anomalías DentariasRESUMEN
This article reports a clinical case involving an 8-year-old boy with two mesiodentes. The supernumerary teeth caused both a functional alteration (malocclusion) and an esthetic one (interincisal diastema), both of which affected his quality of living. Surgical removal of the supernumerary teeth and orthodontic follow-up was proposed, in agreement with the treatment established in the literature. This treatment produced satisfactory results in terms of both esthetics and functionality.
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Diente Supernumerario/terapia , Niño , Diastema/etiología , Diastema/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Maloclusión Clase I de Angle/etiología , Maloclusión Clase I de Angle/terapia , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Diente/patología , Extracción Dental , Diente Impactado/etiología , Diente Supernumerario/complicaciones , Diente Supernumerario/cirugíaRESUMEN
Tendo em vista as variações que ocorrem ao nível de crescimento crânio-facial após a finalização dos tratamentos ortodônticos, as quais podem induzir mudanças nem sempre favoráveis à manutenção de uma oclusão, função e estética normais, comprometendo a estabilidade ao longo dos anos, realizou-se um estudo longitudinal para avaliar as alterações esqueléticas ântero-posteriores, empregando-se as medidas SNA, SNB, AND, SND e P-NB, tomadas ao final, cinco e dez anos pós-tratamento em 22 pacientes brasileiras do sexo feminino, portadoras de más oclusões de Classe I e Classe II div. 1 de Angle, tratadas com extração de 4 pré-molares. Os resultados revelaram alterações de pequena magnitude, sem significância estatística, onde pode-se concluir que as alterações dentárias e de perfil que porventura ocorrerem ao longo dos anos não podem ser atribuídas apenas às alterações esqueléticas ântero-posteriores. Comparados os casos de Classe I e Classe II, div 1, após a correção, não observou-se diferença significante para as variáveis estudadas