RESUMEN
Despite the importance of human taeniasis/bovine cysticercosis for public and animal health and the economy, its actual epidemiological status in Brazil is not well-studied. We sought to assess the epidemiological profile of this zoonosis in the rural area of Viçosa County, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The prevalence of bovine cysticercosis was 0.42%, whereas no case of human taeniasis was diagnosed. Factors favoring the persistence of zoonosis were identified. These included the supply of untreated water to animals, animals raised for slaughter without sanitary supervision, poor mechanization of raising techniques, and the use of untreated water for human consumption. Bovine meat for human consumption acquired in the city or from the farm itself was characterized as a risk factor for bovine cysticercosis (Odds Ratio (OR) =16.77; p<0.05). Nevertheless, the families on the investigated farms did apply several appropriate measures to control this disease, such as the virtual lack of open sewers and the consumption of well-cooked meat. The presence of bovine cysticercosis cases, and the factors favoring its persistence, point to the need for constant epidemiological and sanitary surveillance in this county.
Apesar da importância do complexo teníase-cisticercose bovina para a saúde pública, animal e para a economia, a realidade epidemiológica da ocorrência dessas zoonoses no Brasil é pouco conhecida. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o perfil epidemiológico desta zoonose na zona rural do município de Viçosa, MG. A prevalência encontrada de cisticercose bovina foi de 0,42%, e nenhum caso de teníase humana foi diagnosticado. Foi verificada presença de fatores favoráveis a manutenção dessa zoonose, como fornecimento de água sem tratar aos animais, criação de animais destinados ao abate sem inspeção sanitária, criação de bovinos com baixa adoção de tecnologia, e utilização de água sem tratamento. O consumo de carne bovina oriunda da propriedade e da cidade foi caracterizado como variável de risco (OR=16,77; p<0,05) para a cisticercose bovina. Apesar disso, as famílias das propriedades pesquisadas possuíam hábitos favoráveis como medida de controle para o desenvolvimento desta parasitose, como a quase ausência de esgoto a céu aberto e a ingestão de carne bovina bem passada. A presença de caso de cisticercose bovina e de fatores considerados favoráveis a manutenção dessa parasitose, mostra a necessidade da contínua vigilância epidemiológica e sanitária neste município.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Bovinos/parasitología , Cisticercosis/epidemiología , Teniasis/epidemiología , Cysticercus , Taenia saginataAsunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/secundario , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Orbitales/secundario , Biopsia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Resultado Fatal , Inmunoquímica , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Orbitales/diagnóstico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
A complete study on the photocatalytic degradation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) over TiO2 has been initiated, to establish the influence of several parameters on the reaction rate, the nature of the intermediates and the kinetic regime. TiO2 (Degussa P25) suspensions containing EDTA at pH 3 at different concentrations were irradiated under near UV light. A Langmuirian behavior was observed, from which kinetic constants have been obtained. Experiments with 5.0 mM EDTA (zero order kinetic regime) were performed for 3 hours irradiation under different conditions. Under N2 bubbling, depletion of EDTA was very low. Under O2 bubbling, the concentration of EDTA decreased around 90%. However, the corresponding decrease of TOC ranged only between 4.5% and 9%. A higher TOC reduction (22% or more) was obtained by keeping the pH constant by HClO4 addition, or by hydrogen peroxide addition. Addition of 0.5 mM Fe(III) caused a dramatic increase on the initial rate of EDTA depletion and approximately a 32% TOC decrease. Analysis of the filtered solution was performed by ion chromatography and capillary electrophoresis to monitor the disappearance of EDTA and the formation of degradation products after different irradiation times. So far, glycine, ethylenediamine, formic acid, ammonium, iminodiacetic acid, oxalic acid and glyoxylic acid have been identified.