Erratum: Rodriguez et al. Substance P Antagonism as a Novel Therapeutic Option to Enhance Efficacy of Cisplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Protect PC12 Cells against Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Cancers 2021, 13, 3871.

One contributor's name was missing in the original version of the authorship of the paper [...].

Substance P Antagonism as a Novel Therapeutic Option to Enhance Efficacy of Cisplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Protect PC12 Cells against Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.

Although cisplatin is very effective as a treatment strategy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it has unwarranted outcomes owing to recurrence, chemoresistance and neurotoxicity. There is critically important to find new, effective and safe therapeutics for TNBC. We determined if SP-receptor antagonism in combination with cisplatin may serve as a novel, more efficacious and safer therapeutic option than existing therapies for TNBC. We used a neuronal cell line (PC12) and two TNBC cell lines (Sum 185 and Sum 159) for these studies. We determined that the levels of cells expressing the high-affinity SP-receptor (neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R)), as determined by flow-cytometry was significantly elevated in response to cisplatin in all three cells. We determined that treatment with aprepitant, an SP-receptor antagonist decreased cisplatin-induced, loss of viability (studied by MTT assay), production of reactive oxygen species (by DCFDA assay) and apoptosis (by flow-cytometry) in PC12 cells while it was increased in the two TNBC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that important genes associated with metastases, inflammation, chemoresistance and cell cycle progression are attenuated by SP-receptor antagonism in the TNBC cell line, Sum 185. These studies implicate that SP-receptor antagonism in combination with cisplatin may possibly serve as a novel, more efficacious and safer therapeutic option than existing therapies for TNBC.

A novel non-parametric method for uncertainty evaluation of correlation-based molecular signatures: its application on PAM50 algorithm.

Motivation: The PAM50 classifier is used to assign patients to the highest correlated breast cancer subtype irrespectively of the obtained value. Nonetheless, all subtype correlations are required to build the risk of recurrence (ROR) score, currently used in therapeutic decisions. Present subtype uncertainty estimations are not accurate, seldom considered or require a population-based approach for this context. Results: Here we present a novel single-subject non-parametric uncertainty estimation based on PAM50's gene label permutations. Simulations results ( n = 5228) showed that only 61% subjects can be reliably 'Assigned' to the PAM50 subtype, whereas 33% should be 'Not Assigned' (NA), leaving the rest to tight 'Ambiguous' correlations between subtypes. The NA subjects exclusion from the analysis improved survival subtype curves discrimination yielding a higher proportion of low and high ROR values. Conversely, all NA subjects showed similar survival behaviour regardless of the original PAM50 assignment. We propose to incorporate our PAM50 uncertainty estimation to support therapeutic decisions. Availability and Implementation: Source code can be found in 'pbcmc' R package at Bioconductor. Contacts: cristobalfresno@gmail.com or efernandez@bdmg.com.ar. Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Validación del cumplimiento de los criterios de la Universidad de Duke, para el diagnostico de endocarditis infecciosa en un hospital de la red de salud del minsa (lima-peru) / Validation of compliance with the criteria of Duke University, for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis in a network hospital health minsa (lima-peru)

Objetivos: Evaluar la utilización de los criterios de la Universidad de Duke para el Diagnóstico de Endocarditis Infecciosa (EI), así como determinar las características demográficas, epidemiológicas, clínicas, microbiológicas y ecocardiográficas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo tipo serie de casos para lo cual se revisaron las historias clínicas del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia con el diagnóstico de EI entre 1998 y 2009, y se determinó el cumplimiento de los criterios Duke, clasificándolos como caso definitivo, posible ó rechazado. Asimismo dar a conocer las características demográficas y epidemiológicas de la presente casuística. Resultados: De las 102 historias con diagnóstico de (EI) que se encontraron, 22 no se consideraron para el estudio, por no cumplir con los criterios de inclusión. Finalmente 80 historias fueron revisadas e incluidas. Cumplieron los criterios como casos definitivos 40 (50.00%), como casos posibles 25 (31.25 %) y casos rechazados 15 (18.75%). La edad promedio fue 28.3años, 51 (63.75 %) fueron varones y 29 (36.25%) mujeres. En 39 (48.75 %)de los casos se logró aislar el agente etiológico. En 18 (46.15%) de los casos Staphylococcus aureus fue la bacteria más frecuentemente aislada, 11 (28.20%) correspondieron a Staphylococcus epidermidis. En 10 (12.50%) pacientes los gérmenes aislados no correspondieron a las bacterias típicas. Se encontró más de un agente etiológico en 10 (12.50%) de los casos. La presencia de masa oscilante intracardiaca se dio en 55 (68.75%) de los casos. La tasa de letalidad fue 20 (25.00 %) pacientes. Conclusión: Del total de pacientes incluidos en el estudio solo la mitad de los casos cumplieron con los criterios Duke como casos definitivos. Todos los casos incluidos recibieron antibióticoterapia para EI.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of the DukeÆs University criteria for the diagnosis of Infectious Endocarditis (IE) in patients at Cayetano Heredia National Hospital and determine the different features of this population of patients. METHODS: Retrospective study in patients with the diagnosis of IE between 1998 and 2009 at Cayetano Heredia National Hospital. To retrieve the information, medical records were reviewed for each patient. During the study, the cases were evaluated under the DukeÆs criteria for IE and were classified as definitive, possible and rejected. All cases met the DukeÆs criteria. This study was also designed to show the demographic, epidemiologic, clinical, microbiologic and echocardiographic characteristics of this population. RESULTS: The diagnosis of IE was made in 102 cases. Twenty two cases did not meet the inclusion criteria and were not included in the study. Of the 80 cases finally included in the study, 40 cases (50%) met the definitive criteria, 25 (31.25%) were possible cases and 15 cases (18.75 %) were rejected. The average age was 28.3 years. Fifty one cases (63.75%) were males and 29 cases (36.25%) were females. The etiologic agent was isolated in 39 cases (48.75%). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 18 cases (46.15%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis in 11 cases (28.20%). In 10 cases (12.50%), atypical bacteria was isolated. We found more than one etiologic agent in 10 cases (12.50%). An oscillating intracardiac mass was observed in 55 cases (68.75%). The mortality rate was 25%. CONCLUSION: All the patients included in the study received antibiotic therapy during the course of their hospitalization. Nevertheless, only half of the cases met the Duke criteria as definitive cases.