Efficacy and safety of atogepant, a small molecule CGRP receptor antagonist, for the preventive treatment of migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Migraine is one of the most common diseases worldwide while current treatment options are not ideal. New therapeutic classes of migraine, the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists, have been developed and shown considerable effectiveness and safety. The present study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of atogepant, a CGRP antagonist, for migraine prophylaxis from the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed and https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/ were searched for RCTs that compared atogepant with placebo for migraine prophylaxis from inception of the databases to Feb 1, 2024. Outcome data involving efficacy and safety were combined and analyzed using Review Manager Software version 5.3 (RevMan 5.3). For each outcome, risk ratios (RRs) or standardized mean difference (SMD) were calculated. RESULTS: 4 RCTs with a total of 2813 subjects met our inclusion criteria. The overall effect estimate showed that atogepant was significantly superior to placebo in terms of the reduction of monthly migraine (SMD - 0.40, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.34) or headache (SMD - 0.39, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.33) days, the reduction of acute medication use days (SMD - 0.45, 95% CI -0.51 to -0.39) and 50% responder rate (RR 1.66, 95% CI 1.46 to 1.89), while no dose-related improvements were found between different dosage groups. For the safety, significant number of patients experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with atogepant than with placebo (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.21) while there was no obvious difference between the five dosage groups. Most TEAEs involved constipation (RR 2.55, 95% CI 1.91-3.41), nausea (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.67-2.87) and urinary tract infection (RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.05-2.11). In addition, a high dosage of atogepant may also increase the risk of treatment-related TEAEs (RR 1.64, 95% CI 1.02-2.63) and fatigue (RR 3.07, 95% CI 1.13-8.35). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that atogepant is effective and tolerable for migraine prophylaxis including episodic or chronic migraine compared with placebo. It is critical to weigh the benefits of different doses against the risk of adverse events in clinical application of atogepant. Longer and multi-dose trials with larger sample sizes are required to verify the current findings.

Ursolic acid improves necroptosis via STAT3 signaling in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) poses a serious threat to human survival and quality of life with high mortality and morbidity rates. The current absence of effective treatments for intestinal IRI highlights the urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene natural compound, has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties including intestinal protection. However, its potential protective efficacy on intestinal IRI remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effect of UA on intestinal IRI and explore the underlying mechanisms. To achieve this, we utilized network pharmacology to analyze the mechanism of UA in intestinal IRI and assessed UA's effects on intestinal IRI using a mouse model of superior mesenteric artery occlusion/reperfusion and an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion-induced IEC-6 cells. Our results demonstrated that UA improved necroptosis through the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway, reduced necroinflammation via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway, attenuated morphological damage, and enhanced intestinal barrier function. Furthermore, UA pretreatment downregulated the phosphorylation level of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). The effects of UA were attenuated by the STAT3 agonist Colivelin. In conclusion, our study suggests that UA can improve intestinal IRI by inhibiting necroptosis in enterocytes via the suppression of STAT3 activation. These results provide a theoretical basis for UA treatment of intestinal IRI and related clinical diseases.

Phenolation to Improve Hardwood Kraft Lignin for Wood Adhesive Application.

Lignins, naturally occurring aromatic polymers with phenylpropane units, are promising bio-based alternatives for petroleum-based products. Resole-type phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesive is commonly used in wood composites requiring durability and weather-proofness. However, PF adhesive is a petroleum-based product. The objective of this study is to transform the low-reactivity hardwood kraft lignin (KL) as the phenol substitute in the PF adhesive formulation by acidic phenolation. The variations in the molecular weights, chemical structures, and functional groups in lignins were investigated before and after the phenolation. The results indicate that the KL can be cleaved, and phenols are crosslinked onto KL to produce phenolated kraft lignin (PKL) under the suitable phenolation condition, heating 3/5 (w/w) of KL/phenol at 90 °C for 2 h with 5% H2SO4 as the catalyst. Resole-type PKL-PF adhesives can be directly synthesized after the phenolation in the same reactor. Plywood laminated with this adhesive obtains satisfactory strength and low formaldehyde emission. This not only reduces the usage of petroleum-based phenol but also increases the reactivity and applications for hardwood KL.

Phylogenetic and mutational analysis of H10N3 avian influenza A virus in China: potential threats to human health.

In recent years, the avian influenza virus has emerged as a significant threat to both human and public health. This study focuses on a patient infected with the H10N3 subtype of avian influenza virus, admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Kunming City on March 6, 2024. Metagenomic RNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were conducted on the patient's sputum, confirming the H10N3 infection. The patient presented severe pneumonia symptoms such as fever, expectoration, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and cough. Phylogenetic analysis of the Haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of the virus showed that the virus was most closely related to a case of human infection with the H10N3 subtype of avian influenza virus found in Zhejiang Province, China. Analysis of amino acid mutation sites identified four mutations potentially hazardous to human health. Consequently, this underscores the importance of continuous and vigilant monitoring of the dynamics surrounding the H10N3 subtype of avian influenza virus, utilizing advanced genomic surveillance techniques.

Organosiloxane membranes for heavy aromatic oil fractionation.

The industrial separation of hydrocarbons relies on distillation. Organic solvent nanofiltration can provide an energy-efficient alternative. We prepared high performance organosiloxane membranes for fractionation of heavy aromatics. They achieved a high permeance up to 0.13 L m-2 h-1 bar-1, with a rejection rate of 88.7% for hydrocarbons with five aromatic rings.

Stability and Hopf bifurcation of an intraguild prey-predator fishery model with two delays and Michaelis-Menten type predator harvest.

In this paper, we have proposed and investigated an intraguild predator-prey system incorporating two delays and a harvesting mechanism based on the Michaelis-Menten principle, and it was assumed that the two species compete for a shared resource. Firstly, we examined the properties of the relevant characteristic equations to derive sufficient conditions for the asymptotical stability of equilibria in the delayed model and the existence of Hopf bifurcation. Using the normal form method and the central manifold theorem, we analyzed the stability and direction of periodic solutions arising from Hopf bifurcations. Our theoretical findings were subsequently validated through numerical simulations. Furthermore, we explored the impact of harvesting on the quantity of biological resources and examined the critical values associated with the two delays.

IVF exposure induced intergenerational effects on metabolic phenotype in mice.

RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the potential transmission of metabolic phenotype from IVF offspring to the subsequent generation? DESIGN: An IVF mouse model was established. The F1 generation mice were produced though IVF or natural mating and the F2 generation was obtained through the mating of F1 generation males with normal females. Their metabolic phenotype, including systemic and hepatic glucolipid metabolism, was examined. RESULTS: It was found that IVF F1 males exhibited metabolic changes. Compared with the control group, the IVF F1 generation showed increased body weight, elevated fasting glucose and insulin, and increased serum triglyceride concentrations. IVF F1 mice also showed an increased expression of hepatic lipogenesis and autophagy genes. Moreover, IVF F1 males transmitted some metabolic changes to their own male progeny (IVF F2) in the absence of a dietary challenge. IVF F2 mice had increased peri-epididymal and subcutaneous fat and decreased insulin sensitivity. Under the 'second hit' of a high-fat diet, IVF F2 mice further showed increased hepatic lipid deposition with unaltered autophagy levels. CONCLUSION: This research demonstrates the impact of IVF on hepatic glucose-lipid metabolism in two successive generations of offspring, highlighting the need for additional investigation. Enhanced understanding of the mechanisms underlying the transmission of multigenerational effects induced by IVF could potentially lead to the advancement of therapeutic interventions for individuals experiencing infertility.

Comparative Analysis of Structural and Functional Properties of Dietary Fiber from Four Grape Varieties.

Muscadine grapes are characterized by their large and abundant seeds and hard and thick skins that contain significant amounts of dietary fiber (DF). The current study investigated the chemical constituents, molecular architecture, and physicochemical attributes of DF derived from Muscadine grapes (Granny Val and Alachua) and compared them with those derived from Shine Muscat and Kyoho. Using a combined enzymatic method, the total dietary fiber (TDF) was extracted and divided into two parts: soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). TDF (mainly IDF, with a small fraction of SDF) was dominated by cellulose, followed by pectin and hemicellulose. In addition, Granny Val and Alachua had a significantly higher abundance of TDF and IDF compared with Shine Muscat and Kyoho. Moreover, Shine Muscat had significantly the highest abundance of SDF among the four grape varieties. Of note, IDF from Granny Val and Alachua exhibited a complex and dense texture on its surface, and notably outperformed Shine Muscat and Kyoho in terms of cholesterol, fatty acid, heavy metal adsorption, and antioxidant activity. Collectively, Muscadine grapes, i.e., Granny Val and Alachua in the current study, possessed elevated DF levels (predominantly IDF), and their enhanced bioactivity underscored their potential as a potential food ingredient for further use.

New Quantum Private Comparison Using Four-Particle Cluster State.

Quantum private comparison (QPC) enables two users to securely conduct private comparisons in a network characterized by mutual distrust while guaranteeing the confidentiality of their private inputs. Most previous QPC protocols were primarily used to determine the equality of private information between two users, which constrained their scalability. In this paper, we propose a QPC protocol that leverages the entanglement correlation between particles in a four-particle cluster state. This protocol can compare the information of two groups of users within one protocol execution, with each group consisting of two users. A semi-honest third party (TP), who will not deviate from the protocol execution or conspire with any participant, is involved in assisting users to achieve private comparisons. Users encode their inputs into specific angles of rotational operations performed on the received quantum sequence, which is then sent back to TP. Security analysis shows that both external attacks and insider threats are ineffective at stealing private data. Finally, we compare our protocol with some previously proposed QPC protocols.

LncRNA NEAT1/miR-211/IL-10 Axis Regulates Inflammation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

This study aimed to explore the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its inflammatory regulation mechanism through miR-211/interleukin 10 (IL-10) axis.A total of 75 participants were enrolled in this study: 25 healthy people in the control group, 25 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) in the SAP group, and 25 patients with AMI in the AMI group. Real-time qPCR was used to detect mRNA expression levels of NEAT1, miR-211, and IL-10. The interaction between miR-211, NEAT1, and IL-10 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and protein expression was detected using western blot.High expression of NEAT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with AMI was negatively related to serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and IL-1ß and was positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). In THP-1 cells, miR-211 was confirmed to target and inhibit IL-10 expression. NEAT1 knockdown and miR-211-mimic markedly decreased IL-10 protein levels, whereas anti-miR-211 markedly increased IL-10 protein levels. Importantly, miR-211 level was negatively related to NEAT1 and IL-10 levels, whereas IL-10 level was positively related to the level of NEAT1 expression in PBMCs of patients with AMI.LncRNA NEAT1 was highly expressed in PBMCs of patients with AMI, and NEAT1 suppressed inflammation via miR-211/IL-10 axis in PBMCs of patients with AMI.

Synergistic Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides Nanodosage Form to Induce Apoptosis and Ferroptosis in Breast Cancer.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Ferroptosis, a promising mechanism of killing cancer cells, has become a research hotspot in cancer therapy. Simvastatin (SIM), as a potential new anti-breast cancer drug, has been shown to cause ferroptosis of cancer cells and inhibit breast cancer metastasis and recurrence. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel strategy boosting ferroptotic cascade for synergistic cancer therapy. Methods: In this paper, iron base form of layered double hydroxide supported simvastatin (LDHs-SIM) was synthesized by hydrothermal co-precipitation method. The characterization of LDHs-SIM were assessed by various analytical techniques, including ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Biological activity, ferroptosis mechanism and biocompatibility were analyzed through in vivo and in vitro analysis, so as to evaluate its therapeutic effect on breast cancer. Results: The constructed LDHs-SIM nanosystem can not only release SIM through mevalonate (MVA) pathway, inhibit the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), inhibit the expression of SLC7A11 and reduce the synthesis efficiency of GSH, but also promote the accumulation of Fe2+ in cells through the release of Fe3+, and increase the intracellular ROS content. In addition, LDHs-SIM nanosystem can induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells to a certain extent, and achieve the synergistic effect of apoptosis and ferroptosis. Conclusion: In the present study, we demonstrated that nanoparticles of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) loaded with simvastatin were more effective than a free drug at inhibiting breast cancer cell growth, In addition, superior anticancer therapeutic effects were achieved with little systemic toxicity, indicating that LDHs-SIM could serve as a safe and high-performance platform for ferroptosis-apoptosis combined anticancer therapy.

Efficient Quantum Private Comparison Based on GHZ States.

Quantum private comparison (QPC) is a fundamental cryptographic protocol that allows two parties to compare the equality of their private inputs without revealing any information about those inputs to each other. In recent years, QPC protocols utilizing various quantum resources have been proposed. However, these QPC protocols have lower utilization of quantum resources and qubit efficiency. To address this issue, we propose an efficient QPC protocol based on GHZ states, which leverages the unique properties of GHZ states and rotation operations to achieve secure and efficient private comparison. The secret information is encoded in the rotation angles of rotation operations performed on the received quantum sequence transmitted along the circular mode. This results in the multiplexing of quantum resources and enhances the utilization of quantum resources. Our protocol does not require quantum key distribution (QKD) for sharing a secret key to ensure the security of the inputs, resulting in no consumption of quantum resources for key sharing. One GHZ state can be compared to three bits of classical information in each comparison, leading to qubit efficiency reaching 100%. Compared with the existing QPC protocol, our protocol does not require quantum resources for sharing a secret key. It also demonstrates enhanced performance in qubit efficiency and the utilization of quantum resources.

Novel anti-inflammatory peptide alleviates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains inevitable in liver surgeries, macrophages play a critical role in the development of IRI, but little is known about the macrophages regulate pathogenesis of IRI. Based on target-guided screening, we identified a small 3 kDa peptide (SjDX5-271) from various schistosome egg-derived peptides that induced M2 macrophage polarization. SjDX5-271 treatment protected the mice against liver IRI through promoting M2 macrophage polarization, the protective effect was abrogated when the macrophages were depleted. Transcriptomic sequencing showed that the TLR signaling pathway was significantly inhibited in macrophages derived from the SjDX5-271 treatment group. We further identified that SjDX5-271 promotes M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and further alleviates hepatic inflammation in liver IRI. Collectively, SjDX5-271 exhibits promising therapeutic effects in IRI and represents a novel therapeutic approach for IRI, even in immune-related diseases. This study revealed the development of a new biologic from the parasite and enhanced our understanding of host-parasite interplay, providing a blueprint for future therapies for immune-related diseases.

Auricular Acupressure in Relieving PONV and Promoting Gastrointestinal Function Recovery in Females After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The role of current pharmacological treatment after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is limited. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after LSG remains high. Auricular acupressure (AA) is believed to relieve PONV after laparoscopic surgeries, but its role in patients with obesity after LSG has yet to be confirmed. METHODS: Ninety-five female patients who underwent LSG were randomized into two groups: AA combined with conventional anti-nausea medication (AA group, 47 patients) or conventional anti-nausea medication group (control group, 48 patients). Index of nausea and vomiting and retching (INVR) scores, postoperative anti-vomiting medication use, time of first anus exhausting, time of first fluid intake, and time of first to get out of bed were collected within 48 h after surgery. RESULTS: Demographic data of patients in both groups were balanced and comparable. INVR score (F = 7.505, P = 0.007), vomiting score (F = 11.903, P = 0.001), and retching score (F = 12.098, P = 0.001) were significantly lower in the AA group than that in the control group within 48 h postoperatively. Use of metoclopramide was significantly less in the AA group than in the control group (4.7 [5.5]) vs. 8.8 [7.6], P = 0.004); time to first anus exhausting was significantly less in the AA group than in the control group (17.50 [6.00] vs. 20.42 [8.62], P = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS: AA combined with conventional anti-vomiting agents can alleviate PONV in female patients after LSG, and AA can promote gastrointestinal exhaustion. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) with the registration no. ChiCTR2100047381 on June 13, 2021.

Reduction of bitter taste receptor gene family in folivorous colobine primates relative to omnivorous cercopithecine primates.

Bitter taste perception is important in preventing animals from ingesting potentially toxic compounds. Whole-genome assembly (WGA) data have revealed that bitter taste receptor genes (TAS2Rs) comprise a multigene family with dozens of intact and disrupted genes in primates. However, publicly available WGA data are often incomplete, especially for multigene families. In this study, we employed a targeted capture (TC) approach specifically probing TAS2Rs for ten species of cercopithecid primates with diverse diets, including eight omnivorous cercopithecine species and two folivorous colobine species. We designed RNA probes for all TAS2Rs that we modeled to be intact in the common ancestor of cercopithecids ("ancestral-cercopithecid TAS2R gene set"). The TC was followed by short-read and high-depth massive-parallel sequencing. TC retrieved more intact TAS2R genes than found in WGA databases. We confirmed a large number of gene "births" at the common ancestor of cercopithecids and found that the colobine common ancestor and the cercopithecine common ancestor had contrasting trajectories: four gene "deaths" and three gene births, respectively. The number of intact TAS2R genes was markedly reduced in colobines (25-28 detected via TC and 20-26 detected via WGA analysis) as compared with cercopithecines (27-36 via TC and 19-30 via WGA). Birth or death events occurred at almost every phylogenetic-tree branch, making the composition of intact genes variable among species. These results show that evolutionary change in intact TAS2R genes is a complex process, refute a simple general prediction that herbivory favors more TAS2R genes, and have implications for understanding dietary adaptations and the evolution of detoxification abilities.

Triglyceride-glucose Index as a Valuable Marker to Predict Severity of Coronary Artery Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The diagnostic standard of coronary artery disease (CAD) is coronary angiography (CAG). Since CAG is an invasive procedure underscores the need for identifying non-invasive, effective, and innovative biomarkers. Our study aimed to retrospectively analyze hematological markers for predicting the severity of CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Case data were collected from 195 CAD patients admitted to the hospital for CAG. According to Gensini score, patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe CAD groups. Blood indexes and predictive efficacy of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index were retrospectively analyzed. Among 195 CAD patients, 81 had mild CAD, 60 had moderate CAD, and 54 had severe CAD. Sex, fast blood glucose (FBG), TyG index, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) significantly differed among the three groups. The TyG index demonstrated higher values in patients with moderate (9.07[8.62-9.44]) and severe (8.98[8.46-9.45]) CAD compared to those with mild CAD (8.75[8.49-9.14]). The AUC of the TyG index was 0.615 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.536-0.694, P =.004), with a cut-off value of 8.997, specificity of 0.704, and sensitivity of 0.535. Logistics analysis showed the risk of moderate and severe CAD with an odds ratio (OR) value of 2.595 (95% CI: 1.199-5.619, adjusted P = .016) following regrouping by the TyG index optimal cut-off value of 8.997. The TyG index combined with FBG and hs-CRP had an elevated AUC value, significantly higher than other combinations (P = .011 and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of CAD is positively correlated with an increased TyG index value. A combination of TyG, FBG, and hs-CRP has demonstrated improved diagnostic efficiency, suggesting its potential as a novel indicator for predicting and diagnosing CAD progression.

Cumulative live birth rate of in vitro fertilization cycle via progestin-primed ovarian stimulation versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol in infertile women with normal ovarian reserve: an open-label, randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the cumulative live birth rate (cLBR) of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol for in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle in infertile women with normal ovarian reserve (NOR). Infertile women with NOR who underwent their first IVF cycle were enrolled in an open-label randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive a freeze-all strategy with delayed embryo transfer (PPOS group, n = 174) and fresh embryo transfer first (GnRH-ant group, n = 174). The primary outcome was the cLBR per aspiration. The cLBR between the PPOS group and GnRH-ant group were comparable (55.75% vs. 52.87%, p = 0.591). A premature luteinizing hormone surge was not observed in the PPOS group, while there were six cases (3.45%) in the GnRH-ant group, but no premature ovulation in either of the groups. The pregnancy outcomes, including implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate, were all comparable. In addition, the number of retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes and viable embryos were similar (all p > 0.05) between the two groups.

A nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features preoperatively predicts poorly differentiated invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma manifesting as subsolid or solid lesions: a double-center study.

Background: The novel International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) grading system suggests that poorly differentiated invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma (IPA) has a worse prognosis. Therefore, prediction of poorly differentiated IPA before treatment can provide an essential reference for therapeutic modality and personalized follow-up strategy. This study intended to train a nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features combined with clinical semantic features, which predicted poorly differentiated IPA and was tested in independent data cohorts regarding models' generalization ability. Methods: We retrospectively recruited 480 patients with IPA appearing as subsolid or solid lesions, confirmed by surgical pathology from two medical centers and collected their CT images and clinical information. Patients from the first center (n =363) were randomly assigned to the development cohort (n = 254) and internal testing cohort (n = 109) in a 7:3 ratio; patients (n = 117) from the second center served as the external testing cohort. Feature selection was performed by univariate analysis, multivariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, minimum redundancy maximum relevance, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the model performance. Results: The AUCs of the combined model based on intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics signatures in internal testing cohort and external testing cohort were 0.906 and 0.886, respectively. The AUCs of the nomogram that integrated clinical semantic features and combined radiomics signatures in internal testing cohort and external testing cohort were 0.921 and 0.887, respectively. The Delong test showed that the AUCs of the nomogram were significantly higher than that of the clinical semantic model in both the internal testing cohort(0.921 vs 0.789, p< 0.05) and external testing cohort(0.887 vs 0.829, p< 0.05). Conclusion: The nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics signatures with clinical semantic features has the potential to predict poorly differentiated IPA manifesting as subsolid or solid lesions preoperatively.

Interaction between adolescent sleep rhythms and gender in an obese population.

BACKGROUND: The obesity rate of adolescents is gradually increasing, which seriously affects their mental health, and sleep plays an important role in adolescent obesity. AIM: To investigate the relationship between sleep rhythm and obesity among adolescents and further explores the interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity, providing a theoretical basis for developing interventions for adolescent obesity. METHODS: Research data source Tianjin Mental Health Promotion Program for Students. From April to June 2022, this study selected 14201 students from 13 middle schools in a certain district of Tianjin as the research subject using the convenient cluster sampling method. Among these students, 13374 accepted and completed the survey, with an effective rate of 94.2%.The demographic data and basic information of adolescents, such as height and weight, were collected through a general situation questionnaire. The sleep rhythm of adolescents was evaluated using the reduced version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 13374 participants (6629 females, accounting for 49.56%; the average age is 15.21 ± 1.433 years) were analyzed. Among them, the survey showed that 2942 adolescent were obesity, accounting for 22% and 2104 adolescent were overweight, accounting for 15.7%. Among them, 1692 male adolescents are obese, with an obesity rate of 25.1%, higher than 18.9% of female adolescents. There is a statistically significant difference between the three groups (χ2 = 231.522, P < 0.000). The obesity group has the smallest age (14.94 ± 1.442 years), and there is a statistical difference in age among the three groups (F = 69.996, P < 0.000).Obesity rates are higher among individuals who are not-only-child, have residential experience within six months, have family economic poverty, and have evening-type sleep (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis shows a correlation between sleep rhythm and adolescent obesity. Evening-type sleep rhythm can increase the risk of obesity in male adolescents [1.250 (1.067-1.468)], but the effect on female obesity is not remarkable. Further logistic regression analysis in the overall population demonstrates that the interaction between evening-type sleep rhythm and the male gender poses a risk of adolescent obesity [1.122 (1.043-1.208)]. CONCLUSION: Among adolescents, the incidence of obesity in males is higher than in females. Evening-type sleep rhythm plays an important role in male obesity but has no significant effect on female obesity. Progressive analysis suggests an interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity, and the combination of evening-type sleep and the male gender promotes the development of adolescent obesity. In formulating precautions against adolescent obesity, obesity in male adolescents with evening-type sleep should be a critical concern.

Machine learning-based model for prediction of deep vein thrombosis after gynecological laparoscopy: A retrospective cohort study.

Successful monitoring of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains a challenging problem after gynecological laparoscopy. Thus, this study aimed to create and validate predictive models for DVT with the help of machine learning (ML) algorithms. A total of 489 patients from the Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital were included in the study between January 2017 and February 2023, and 35 clinical indicators from electronic health records (EHRs) were collected within 24h of patient admission. Risk factors were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Then, the three commonly used DVT prediction models are random forest model (RFM), generalized linear regression model (GLRM), and artificial neural network model (ANNM). In addition, the predictive performance of various prediction models (i.e. the robustness and accuracy of predictions) is evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA), respectively. We found postoperative DVT in 41 (8.38%) patients. Based on the ML algorithm, a total of 13 types of clinical data were preliminarily screened as candidate variables for DVT prediction models. Among these, age, body mass index (BMI), operation time, intraoperative pneumoperitoneum pressure (IPP), diabetes, complication and D-Dimer independent risk factors for postoperative DVT and can be used as variables in ML prediction models. The RFM algorithm can achieve the optimal DVT prediction performance, with AUC values of 0.851 (95% CI: 0.793-0.909) and 0.862 (95% CI: 0.804-0.920) in the training and validation sets, respectively. The AUC values of the other two prediction models (ANNM and GLRM) range from 0.697 (95% CI: 0.639-0.755) and 0.813 (95% CI: 0.651-0.767). In summary, we explored the potential risk of DVT after gynecological laparoscopy, which helps clinicians identify high-risk patients before gynecological laparoscopy and make nursing interventions. However, external validation will be needed in the future.