RESUMEN
A 73-year-old male with a history of hypertension, congenital kidney aplasia, status post-myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic renal insufficiency was admitted to our institute due to coronary artery bypass grafting. Preoperative echocardiogram revealed a 15 × 7 mm mass arising near the posterior mitral annulus. Following the coronary artery bypass grafting, the left atrial cavity was explored using a 30° endoscope. The irregular peduncular calcified tumorous mass was revealed on the annulus of the posterior cusp, near the posteromedial commissure. The mass protruded into the left ventricle. The tumor mass was totally resected, and intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography did not register any residual tumor mass. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12055-024-01688-8.
RESUMEN
The study aimed to determine the variation of Y-chromosome-bearing sperm content among individual ejaculates. A real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with unique primers was developed and used to calculate the percentage of Y-chromosome-bearing sperm in individual ejaculates from 50 randomly selected men. There was a significant difference in the overall mean ± SD between the proportion of Y-chromosome-bearing sperm and X-chromosome-bearing sperm (45.36 ± 7.88 vs. 54.42 ± 7.88). Of the 50 ejaculates, 17 had more than, and 14 had less than the 99% confidence interval of the mean of the Y-chromosome-bearing sperm (45.58 ± 2.87). These results suggest that the inconsistency in sperm-based sex-selection outcomes appears to be a function of differences in the ejaculates and highlights the need for further study in environmental and genetic factors contributing to X or Y bearing spermatozoan instability.Abbreviations: qPCR: real-time polymerase chain reaction; ROS: reactive oxygen species; DTT: dithiothreitol; SRY: sex-determining region Y.