RESUMEN
Multiple myeloma (MM) patients considered to be at high cytogenetic risk commonly fail to respond to standard treatment. A thorough understanding of the molecular mechanism of MM development is, therefore, needed. We endeavored to explore the transcriptional signature among different subgroups of newly diagnosed MM using gene chip-based expression microarray. Bone marrow samples of 15 newly diagnosed Thai MM patients were included. The chromosomal translocation t(4;14) was the most frequently identified genetic alteration in the high-risk subgroup. Cluster analysis from expression profiling demonstrated that high-risk MM have a distinctly different expression pattern compared to standard-risk patients. The most significant differentially expressed gene was UCHL1. Functional enrichment analysis by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, FUNRICH, and Gene Ontology Panther pathway revealed the gene sets involved in cell cycle control to be enriched in the t(4;14) high-risk group. Interestingly, among the well-established downstream targets of UCHL1, only CCND2 was significantly expressed in the t(4;14) high-risk group. Suppression of UCHL1 protein level by LDN-5744 inhibitor could arrest the cell cycle in G1 phase in cell lines. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanism of UCHL1 in t(4;14) high-risk MM and support the evidence that alteration of the UCHL1 pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of high-risk MM.
Asunto(s)
Mieloma Múltiple/genética , Mieloma Múltiple/patología , Ubiquitina Tiolesterasa/genética , Ubiquitina Tiolesterasa/metabolismo , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Puntos de Control del Ciclo Celular/genética , Cromosomas Humanos Par 14/genética , Cromosomas Humanos Par 4/genética , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mieloma Múltiple/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Translocación Genética/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cause(s) of a Thai male proband presenting low oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) and severe anemia. METHODS: As Hb variant was suspected, Hb typing was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, and subsequently Hb variant was identified by DNA sequencing. Complete blood counts were performed using automated blood cell counter and oxygen saturation was measured by pulse oximetry. RESULTS: Proband was compound heterozygous for Hb Louisville [ß42(CD1)PheâLeu] and Hb La Desirade [ß129(H7)AlaâVal]. Of the proband's two sons, one was compound heterozygous for Hb Louisville and Hb E and the other for Hb La Desirade and Hb E. The former son had similar clinical features and laboratory findings with those of the proband while the latter showed had no abnormal clinical manifestations. CONCLUSION: This the first report of compound heterozygosity of Hb Louisville and Hb La Desirade in an individual of Southeast Asian ethnicity. Hb variant identification is crucial for genetic counseling and appropriate treatment in regions where hemoglobinopathies are common.