[Restorative therapy with amalgam-indication and long life time]. / Füllungstherapie mit Amalgam-Indikation und Funktionszeit.

The pattern of restorative therapy with amalgam of 38 thuringian dentists were checked up over a period of 4 weeks. The indications of the 3644 in these time applicated amalgam restorations were in 42% of all cases primarily caries, in 22% secondary caries and in 24% noncaries caused reasons. Occlusal caries was dominant in adolescents and young adults. Patients older than 24 years had a higher risk of approximal caries and root caries is becoming a clinical problem in patients older than 54 years. 61% of the replaced amalgam restorations have had a function period over 5 years. Prevention, early restorative therapy and consequently a recall system in connection with correct indication are the most important factors for a long time of amalgam restorations and successful dental treatment.

[Caries prevalence, caries experience, caries increment and caries risk in apprentices of 16-18 years]. / Kariesverbreitung, Kariesbefall, Karieszuwachs und Kariesrisiko bei 16- bis 18jährigen Jugendlichen.

Yearly cross-sectional studies from 1985 to 1990 of 16-18 years old apprentices indicate a constant high caries prevalence of about 10 DMF/T. The yearly caries increment is also high like it is documented by longitudinal investigations of 152 apprentices, and it depends from the caries experience in the past. Only 9-17% of the youngsters had a yearly caries increment of greater than or equal to 3 D/T. Individual caries risk requires individual preventive dental services.

[Epidemiological profile of dental caries and treatment needs]. / Epidemiologisches Profil der Zahnkaries und Behandlungsanforderungen.

In a population survey 2,263 patients were examined for their caries status and treatment needs. The DMF/T-Index and the individual relative risk for caries were calculated. Adolescents and young adults showed a high caries risk and required most of all necessary restorations. But especially older adults and seniors over 55 years presented a high caries risk, required more extensive restorations and more public dental health care at all.

[Care programme and barriers by apprentices]. / Betreuungsbarrieren bei Lehrlingen.

About 126 apprentices were questioned for their knowledge and habits regarding oral health to clarify motives and hindrances, to improve the dental care programme and to attain changes of their behaviour. Good expedient and methods for improving oral health of apprentices should be--in addition to regular check up--attractive lectures and discourses, instructed training of brushing, acceptance of the individuality of the apprentices, influence of fluoride application and measures and guidelines of feeding.

[Apprentices as objects group of the stomatological care in occupational health]. / Lehrlinge als Zielgruppe zahnarztlicher Betreuung im Betriebsgesundheitswesen.

Undoubtedly the age group 15-19 years shows in population surveys a high caries risk. Therefore a systematical dental care programme was carried out. Analysing that programme, the goal for full restoration of dental health and further control of the apprentices was achieved only incompletely. For that reason more research is required. Conclusions are as follows: Annual examination, more care by examining dentist, full restoration of dental health in most of the apprentices and leaving school children.

Assessment of periodontal disease and dental caries in a population survey using the CPITN, GPM/T and DMF/T indices.

2263 randomly selected subjects, aged 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, and greater than 64 yr, were assessed for periodontal status, caries status and treatment needs using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), the ratio of Gingivitis: Periodontitis: Missing teeth (GPM/T index) and the DMF/T index. The advantages of full mouth examination were compared to partial recordings. The CPITN underestimated deep pocketing especially in older age groups and in younger groups overestimated the need for scaling. Although the mean GPM/T number of periodontally affected teeth is in the range of 9-13 teeth and stable throughout the age groups there were age-dependent high risk groups for developing shallow pocketing (20-24 yr) and deep pocketing (45-54 yr), whereas adolescents were at high caries risk. The increase in the number of missing teeth was dramatic after the age of 54 yr only one decade after the high risk age for deep pathologic pockets.