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1.
Food Chem ; 346: 128882, 2021 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33412486

RESUMEN

The aim of the present research was to investigate the antioxidant properties and anthocyanin profiles in the black seed coated adzuki bean (Vigna angularis, Geomguseul cultivar). The acidic 60% methanol extract (40 µg/mL) contains the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (486 ± 3 mg GAE/100 g; 314 ± 10 mg CE/100 g) with potent antioxidant properties (trolox equivalent 1272 ± 26 and 662 ± 24 mg TE/100 g) against ABTS and DPPH radicals compared to other methanol-water ratios (20, 40, 80, and 100%). Ten anthocyanin components were identified in this extract including delphinidin-3,5-O-digalactoside (1), delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside (2), delphinidin-3-O-galactoside (3), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (4), delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside (5), delphinidin-3-O-(p-coumaroyl)glucoside (6), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (7), petunidin-3-O-galactoside (8), petunidin-3-O-glucoside (9) and petunidin-3-O-(p-coumaroyl)glucoside (10) via NMR spectroscopy and UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS analysis. The key anthocyanins 3 and 4 of delphinidin type were isolated by reversed phase C-18 MPLC. Our results indicate that the anthocyanin profiles as well as the high phenolic and flavonoid contents are important factors determining the antioxidant effects of black adzuki bean.


Asunto(s)
Antocianinas/química , Antioxidantes/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Vigna/química , Antocianinas/análisis , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Flavonoides/química , Fenoles/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , República de Corea , Semillas/química , Semillas/metabolismo , Solventes/química , Vigna/metabolismo
2.
Food Chem ; 266: 483-489, 2018 Nov 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30381216

RESUMEN

The α-glucosidase inhibition effects of the 80% ethanol extracts in the seeds of five Vigna species (V. nakashimae, V. nipponensis, V. umbellate, V. radiate, and V. angularis) were evaluated and their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values showed considerable differences (p < 0.05) ranging from 7.3 to >900 µg/ml. V. nakashimae exhibited the most potent inhibition with IC50 value of 7.3 ±â€¯1.1 µg/ml, followed by V. nipponensis (184.0 ±â€¯9.5 µg/ml) and V. umbellata (520.0 ±â€¯8.1 µg/ml). Bioactivity-guided fractionation of V. nakashimae seeds yielded three phenolics by silica gel chromatography and their structures were elucidated as gambiriin D (1), luteoliflavan-7-O-glucopyranoside (2), and catechin-7-O-glucopyranoside (3) using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In particular, gambiriin D (1) possessed strong inhibition activity with IC50 of 36.8 ±â€¯2.3 µM through simple reversible slow-binding inhibition (kinetic parameters: k4 = 0.0048  µM-1s-1; Kiapp = 48 µM). Furthermore, this compound inhibited recombinant human aldose reductase with IC50 value of 12.0 ±â€¯0.7 µM. Results suggest that V. nakashimae may be a potent α-glucosidase inhibition for health products.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/química , Fitoquímicos/química , Vigna/química , Catequina/análogos & derivados , Catequina/química , Catequina/aislamiento & purificación , Catequina/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/aislamiento & purificación , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Cinética , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Conformación Molecular , Fenoles/química , Fenoles/aislamiento & purificación , Fenoles/metabolismo , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Fitoquímicos/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzimología , Semillas/química , Semillas/metabolismo , Vigna/metabolismo , alfa-Glucosidasas/química , alfa-Glucosidasas/metabolismo
3.
Arch Virol ; 161(7): 2047-50, 2016 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27146139

RESUMEN

The complete nucleotide sequence of a new barley polerovirus, tentatively named barley virus G (BVG), which was isolated in Gimje, South Korea, has been determined using an RNA sequencing technique combined with polymerase chain reaction methods. The viral genomic RNA of BVG is 5,620 nucleotides long and contains six typical open reading frames commonly observed in other poleroviruses. Sequence comparisons revealed that BVG is most closely related to maize yellow dwarf virus-RMV, with the highest amino acid identities being less than 90 % for all of the corresponding proteins. These results suggested that BVG is a member of a new species in the genus Polerovirus.


Asunto(s)
Genoma Viral , Hordeum/virología , Luteoviridae/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/virología , Secuencia de Bases , Luteoviridae/clasificación , Luteoviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Sistemas de Lectura Abierta , Filogenia , República de Corea
4.
Theor Appl Genet ; 125(5): 1033-46, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22751999

RESUMEN

Rice stripe disease, caused by rice stripe virus (RSV) is a serious constraint to rice production in subtropical regions of East Asia. We performed fine mapping of a RSV resistance QTL on chromosome 11, qSTV11 ( SG ), using near-isogenic lines (NILs, BC(6)F(4)) derived from a cross between the highly resistant variety, Shingwang, and the highly susceptible variety, Ilpum, using 11 insertion and deletion (InDel) markers. qSTV11 ( SG ) was localized to a 150-kb region between InDel 11 (17.86 Mbp) and InDel 5 (18.01 Mbp). Among the two markers in this region, InDel 7 is diagnostic of RSV resistance in 55 Korean japonica and indica rice varieties. InDel 7 could also distinguish the allele type of Nagdong, Shingwang, Mudgo, and Pe-bi-hun from Zenith harboring the Stv-b ( i ) allele. As a result, qSTV11 ( SG ) is likely to be the Stv-b ( i ) allele. There were 21 genes in the 150-kb region harboring the qSTV11 ( SG ) locus. Three of these genes, LOC_Os11g31430, LOC_Os11g31450, and LOC_Os11g31470, were exclusively expressed in the susceptible variety. These expression profiles were consistent with the quantitative nature along with incomplete dominance of RSV resistance. Sequencing of these genes showed that there were several amino acid substitutions between susceptible and resistant varieties. Putative functions of these candidate genes for qSTV11 (SG) are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Mapeo Cromosómico , Genes de Plantas/genética , Inmunidad Innata/genética , Oryza/genética , Oryza/virología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Sitios de Carácter Cuantitativo/genética , Tenuivirus/patogenicidad , Cromosomas de las Plantas/genética , ADN de Plantas/genética , Ligamiento Genético , Marcadores Genéticos , Genotipo , Oryza/inmunología , Fenotipo , Enfermedades de las Plantas/inmunología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/virología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Tenuivirus/genética , Tenuivirus/inmunología
5.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact ; 25(4): 534-45, 2012 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22217248

RESUMEN

Rice stripe virus (RSV) causes disease that can severely affect the productivity of rice (Oryza sativa). Several RSV-resistant cultivars have been developed. However, host factors conferring RSV resistance in these cultivars are still elusive. Here, we present a systems approach for identifying potential rice resistance factors. We developed two near-isogenic lines (NIL), RSV-resistant NIL22 and RSV-susceptible NIL37, and performed gene expression profiling of the two lines in RSV-infected and RSV-uninfected conditions. We identified 237 differentially expressed genes (DEG) between NIL22 and NIL37. By integrating with known quantitative trait loci (QTL), we selected 11 DEG located within the RSV resistance QTL as RSV resistance factor candidates. Furthermore, we identified 417 DEG between RSV-infected and RSV-uninfected conditions. Using an interaction network-based method, we selected 20 DEG highly interacting with the two sets of DEG as RSV resistance factor candidates. Among the 31 candidates, we selected the final set of 21 potential RSV resistance factors whose differential expression was confirmed in the independent samples using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Finally, we reconstructed a network model delineating potential association of the 21 selected factors with resistance-related processes. In summary, our approach, based on gene expression profiling, revealed potential host resistance factors and a network model describing their relationships with resistance-related processes, which can be further validated in detailed experiments.


Asunto(s)
Oryza/metabolismo , Tenuivirus , Mapeo Cromosómico , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/inmunología , Genes de Plantas , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/inmunología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/virología , Sitios de Carácter Cuantitativo
6.
Mol Cells ; 33(1): 43-51, 2012 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22134721

RESUMEN

Rice stripe virus (RSV) is a viral disease that seriously impacts rice production in East Asia, most notably in Korea, China, and Japan. Highly RSV-resistant transgenic japonica rice plants were generated using a dsRNAi construct designed to silence the entire sequence region of the RSV-CP gene. Transgenic rice plants were inoculated with a population of viruliferous insects, small brown planthoppers (SBPH), and their resistance was evaluated using ELISA and an infection rate assay. A correlation between the expression of the RSV-CP homologous small RNAs and the RSV resistance of the transgenic rice lines was discovered. These plants were also analyzed by comparing the expression pattern of invading viral genes, small RNA production and the stable transmission of the RSV resistance trait to the T3 generation. Furthermore, the agronomic trait was stably transmitted to the T4 generation of transgenic plants.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de la Cápside/genética , Oryza/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/prevención & control , Tenuivirus/genética , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/genética , Silenciador del Gen , Genes Virales , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/virología , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente , Interferencia de ARN , ARN de Planta/genética , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Tenuivirus/metabolismo
7.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact ; 23(1): 29-38, 2010 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19958136

RESUMEN

Rice tungro disease (RTD) is a serious constraint to rice production in South and Southeast Asia. RTD is caused by Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) and Rice tungro bacilliform virus. Rice cv. Utri Merah is resistant to RTSV. To identify the gene or genes involved in RTSV resistance, the association of genotypic and phenotypic variations for RTSV resistance was examined in backcross populations derived from Utri Merah and rice germplasm with known RTSV resistance. Genetic analysis revealed that resistance to RTSV in Utri Merah was controlled by a single recessive gene (tsv1) mapped within an approximately 200-kb region between 22.05 and 22.25 Mb of chromosome 7. A gene for putative translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G(tsv1)) was found in the tsv1 region. Comparison of eIF4G(tsv1) gene sequences among susceptible and resistant plants suggested the association of RTSV resistance with one of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites found in exon 9 of the gene. Examination of the SNP site in the eIF4G(tsv1) gene among various rice plants resistant and susceptible to RTSV corroborated the association of SNP or deletions in codons for Val(1060-1061) of the predicted eIF4G(tsv1) with RTSV resistance in rice.


Asunto(s)
Factor 4G Eucariótico de Iniciación/genética , Factor 4G Eucariótico de Iniciación/metabolismo , Oryza , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , Waikavirus/fisiología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Cromosomas de las Plantas/genética , Genes de Plantas/genética , Genes Recesivos/genética , Inmunidad Innata/genética , Oryza/genética , Oryza/virología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/virología , Alineación de Secuencia
8.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact ; 22(10): 1268-81, 2009 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19737100

RESUMEN

Rice tungro disease (RTD) is caused by Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) and Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) transmitted by green leafhoppers. Rice cv. Utri Merah is highly resistant to RTD. To define the RTD resistance of Utri Merah, near-isogenic lines (NIL, BC(5) or BC(6)) developed from Utri Merah and susceptible cv. Taichung Native 1 (TN1) were evaluated for reactions to RTSV and RTBV. TW16 is an NIL (BC(5)) resistant to RTD. RTBV was able to infect both TN1 and TW16 but the levels of RTBV were usually significantly lower in TW16 than in TN1. Infection of RTSV was confirmed in TN1 by a serological test but not in TW16. However, the global gene-expression pattern in an RTSV-resistant NIL (BC(6)), TW16-69, inoculated with RTSV indicated that RTSV can also infect the resistant NIL. Infection of RTSV in TW16 was later confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction but the level of RTSV was considerably lower in TW16 than in TN1. Examination for virus accumulation in another NIL (BC(6)), TW16-1029, indicated that all plants of TW16-1029 were resistant to RTSV, whereas the resistance to RTBV and symptom severity were segregating among the individual plants of TW16-1029. Collectively, these results suggest that RTD resistance of Utri Merah involves suppression of interacting RTSV and RTBV but the suppression trait for RTSV and for RTBV is inherited separately.


Asunto(s)
Oryza/genética , Oryza/virología , Tungrovirus/patogenicidad , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Cartilla de ADN/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Genes de Plantas , Hemípteros/virología , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno/genética , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno/fisiología , Endogamia , Insectos Vectores/virología , Oryza/fisiología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/virología , ARN Viral/genética , Especificidad de la Especie , Supresión Genética , Tungrovirus/genética , Tungrovirus/fisiología
9.
Theor Appl Genet ; 115(4): 537-47, 2007 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17585380

RESUMEN

The development of rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) that are resistant to the brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is an important objective in current breeding programs. In this study, we generated 132 BC(5)F(5) near-isogenic rice lines (NILs) by five backcrosses of Samgangbyeo, a BPH resistant indica variety carrying the Bph1 locus, with Nagdongbyeo, a BPH susceptible japonica variety. To identify genes that confer BPH resistance, we employed representational difference analysis (RDA) to detect transcripts that were exclusively expressed in one of our BPH resistant NIL, SNBC61, during insect feeding. The chromosomal mapping of the RDA clones that we subsequently isolated revealed that they are located in close proximity either to known quantitative trait loci or to an introgressed SSR marker from the BPH resistant donor parent Samgangbyeo. Genomic DNA gel-blot analysis further revealed that loci of all RDA clones in SNBC61 correspond to the alleles of Samgangbyeo. Most of the RDA clones were found to be exclusively expressed in SNBC61 and could be assigned to functional groups involved in plant defense. These RDA clones therefore represent candidate defense genes for BPH resistance.


Asunto(s)
Genes de Plantas , Hemípteros/patogenicidad , Oryza/genética , Oryza/parasitología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/parasitología , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Mapeo Cromosómico , Cromosomas de las Plantas/genética , Cartilla de ADN/genética , ADN de Plantas/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa
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