Efficacy of dispersed fibrous carbon sorbent in treatment of malignant fungating wounds.

AIM: To evaluate the influence of dispersed fibrous carbon sorbent (DFCS) on malignant fungating wounds (MFWs) in Guerin's carcinoma-bearing rats with an assessment of wound bacterial microflora. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on female Wistar rats inoculated subcutaneously with Guerin T8 carcinoma into the upper interscapular region. On day 20, the tumors were infected by injecting the suspension of S. aureus 8325-4. After 24 h, gauze dressings were applied daily to the wounds in the control group and DFCS in the experimental one. The state of the wounds was assessed by visual control with photo monitoring, odor control on a verbal rating scale and microbiological analysis of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of wound microbiota. RESULTS: On the 3rd day after the start of dressings, the number of S. aureus of 8325-4 strain was significantly higher in the wounds of rats in control group than experimental one (5.14 ± 0.27 vs 3.43 ± 0.33 lg CFU/ml). The total number of Staphylococci in the DFCS-treated wounds did not differ statistically from the number of S. aureus 8325-4 strain whereas in control ones were higher by an order of magnitude. On the 10th day the total number of Staphylococci and S. aureus 8325-4 in particular, remained consistently high in the wounds of the control rats, while was almost five orders of magnitude lower and represented mainly by S. aureus 8325-4 in the experimental ones. The total number of aerobic and optionally anaerobic microorganisms was significantly lower as well. A greater variety of microorganisms in the gauze-covered wounds, as well as an their increased number were accompanied by enhancement of the wound odor from "noticeable" to "strong". There was an appearance of a "barely noticeable" odor in only one animal from the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The study has demonstrated the ability of DFCS to control substantially the bacterial microflora as well as malodor of MWFs in vivo. The results obtained can contribute to solving the problem of improving the quality of palliative care for patients with malignant and other chronic wounds.

Probiotic strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria alter pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines production in rats with monosodium glutamate-induced obesity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic strains of Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280, Bifidobacterium animalis VKL, B. animalis VKB on the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines production in Wistar male rats with monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity. It was established that neonatal administration of MSG to rats leads to increasing levels of the interleukin (IL)-1ß and IL-12, and to decreasing ofthe IL-4, IL-10 and tumor growthfactor (TGF)-ß levels in the bloodserum. After administration of the B. animalis VKL - B. animalis VKB - L. casei IMV B-7280 composition to obese rats the level of the IL-lP in blood serum wasn't differ from that in the obese rats, that didn't receive of the probiotic bacteria. But there was no statistically signifcant difference comparing with intact rats. The level of the IL-12B p4O in blood serum was decreased under influence of the B. animalis VKL - B. animalis VKB - L. casei IMV B-7280 composition (18.9%, p < 0.05) and B. animalis VKL (10.5%, p < 0.05) compared with obese rats, not receiving probiotic bacteria, but remained higher than in intact animals. After administration to obese rats ofthe B. animalis VKL - B. animalis VKB - L. casei IMV B-7280 composition the levels ofthe IL-4, IL- 10 and TGF-ß increased in blood serum comparing with obese rats, not receiving probiotic bacteria. The level of the IL-10 also increased under influence of the B. animalis VKB, and IL-4 - under influence of the L. casei IMVB-7280. Our results suggest that these probiotic bacteria and probiotic composition are able to down-regulation the inflammation in rats with MSG-induced obesity but the strongest anti-inflammatory effects have probiotic composition. The ability of lactobacilli and bifdobacteria to alter the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines production, opens perspectives to create new treatments for obesity and metabolic syndrome based on probiotics.

[Effects of mono-, poly- and composite probiotics on the ulceration caused by restraint stress].

It was studied the effect of probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium animalis VKL, Bifidobacterium animalis VKB and Lactobacillus casei IMVB-7280, and their mixtures on erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa (GM) of rats. GM was induced by water-immersion restraint stress. It was found that investigated probiotics did not have gastroprotective properties under a single and seven-day prophylactic administration. However, multiprobiotics (polyprobiotic Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and Bifidobacterium animalis VKB and composite probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis VKL, Bifidobacterium animalis VKB and Lactobacillus casei IMVB-7280) reduced the erosive and ulcerative lesions and the intensity of bleeding in rat GM when given within 14 days. It was shown that one of the mechanisms of antiulcer preventive effect of the multistrain probiotics is the restoration of pro/antioxidant balance in the GM under the stress action. The obtained results show the effectiveness of poly- and composite probiotics in the gastric ulcer prevention.

[The effect of probiotic therapy on development of experimental obesity in rats caused by monosodium glutamate].

The effect of a mixture of probiotic strains (2:1:1 Lactobacillus casei IMVB-7280, Bifidobacterium animalis VKL, Bifidobacterium animalis VKB) on the development of experimental obesity in rats induced by neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate has been studied. It was shown that in rats of 4 months age, the injection of monosodium glutamate (4 mg/g) at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days after birth elicited abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. An intermittent administration of a probiotic mixture to rats treated with monosodium prevented the development of obesity. In the group of rats treated with probiotics, anthropometric parameters (weight and body length, Lee index, body mass index) did not differ from the level of intact rats. Visceral fat mass was decreased by probiotics by 38.5% (P < 0.05) compared to rats treated with water. Probiotics improved lipid metabolism: reduced the level of VLDL by 32.2% (P < 0,05), the level of LDL by 30.6% (P < 0.05), increased HDL by 25.7% (P <0,05) compared to obese control rats. Probiotic strains restored the secretion of adipocytes hormones (leptin and adiponectin) to the normal level of intact animals. The results show the effectiveness of probiotics for the prevention of obesity.

The effect of Lacto- and Bifidobacteria in monoculture on the vaginal microflora in norm and in cases of intravaginal staphylococcosis.

The influence of probiotic strains of Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280, Lactobacillus acidophilus IMV B-7279, Bifidobacterium animalis VKL, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMV B-7281 and Bifidobacterium animalis VKB, each strain separately, to the range of the urogenital tract microflora in physiological norm and in cases of experimental intravaginal staphylococcosis of mice induced by Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4. It was found that all these strains had different efficiency in Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 growth suppression in the vagina of infected mice and affect the spectrum of microorganisms. Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280 strain had effective antistaphylococcal effect and reduced the number of coliform bacteria and fungi in the vagina in cases of intravaginal staphylococcosis of mice. Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280 strain is promising to create probiotic drugs effective in treating intravaginal staphylococcosis.

[Prophylactic effect of probiotic strains Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB on stress-induced lesions in the gastric mucosa of rats].

It was investigated the effect of probiotic strains Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB and their mixture on erosive and ulcerative lesions in the gastric mucosa (GM) of rats induced by water immersion restraint stress. It was found that separate prophylactic introduction for 14 days of Bifidobacterium animalis VKL or Bifidobacterium animalis VKB didn't protect the GM from erosive and ulcerative lesions induced by stress. Contrary prophylactic introduction of Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB mixture has been effective in protecting the GM from the lesions. One of the mechanisms of the gastroprotection of these probiotic strains is prevention of mucus barrier from degradation, which was evident in decrease of free fucose and hexuronic acids content. These results confirm the expediency ofprobiotics use for the prevention of stress-induced lesions in the GM.

Antistaphylococcal action of lacto- and bifidobacteria and interleukn-2.

Antistaphylococcal action of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMV B-7281, L. acidophilus LMV B-7279 and Bifidobacterium animalis VKB as well as interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been determined on the model of experimental staphylococcal infection in mice. It has been established that peroral administration of certain probiotic strains of lacto- and bifidobacteria or composition L. acidophilus LMV B-7279--L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMV B-7281 with IL-2 to mice favored the reducing of terms of staphylococcus persistence in the kidneys of experimental mice. The studied schemes are promising for treatment of patients with surgical infection.

The effect of lacto- and bifidobacteria compositions on the vaginal microflora in cases of intravaginal staphylococcosis.

The effect of intravaginal injection of Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280, Lactobacillus acidophilus IMV B-7279, Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and Bifidobacterium animalis VKB strains in various compositions on the range of microflora of the urogenital tract on the model of experimental intravaginal staphylococcosis of mice was determined. It was established that under the influence of various compositions of these strains changes in microflora spectrum occurred: the number of representatives of normoflora increased and the number of pathogenic microorganisms, including staphylococci, streptococci, coliform bacteria and fungi, significantly decreased. It was determined that strains of lacto- and bifidobacteria, that were studied, are prospective components of future probiotic drugs efficient in treating staphylococcosis.

Antibacterial activity of cerium colloids against opportunistic microorganisms in vitro.

The CeO2 sol with the size of nanoparticles 2-4 nm has been synthesized. It has been determined that the synthesized nanocrystalline cerium has antibacterial activity in vitro against different groups of opportunistic microorganisms: clinical strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The rate of viability depression of test-cultures depends on the concentration of cerium dioxide nanoparticles and time of incubation. It is shown that the sol interacts with the bacterial cell surface. It is suggested that the observed differences of antibacterial action of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide can be related to the structural characteristics of the cell surface.

The effect of lacto- and bifidobacteria compositions on the vaginal microflora in cases of intravaginal staphylococcosis.

The effect of intravaginal injection of Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280, Lactobacillus acidophilus IMV B-7279, Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and Bifidobacterium animalis VKB strains in various compositions on the range of microflora of the urogenital tract on the model of experimental intravaginal staphylococcosis of mice was determined. It was established that under the influence of various compositions of these strains changes in microflora spectrum occurred the number of representatives of normoflora increased and the number of pathogenic microorganisms, including staphylococci, streptococci, coliform bacteria and fungi, significantly decreased. It was determined that strains of lacto- and bifidobacteria, that were studied, are prospective components of future probiotic drugs efficient in treating staphylococcosis.

Effect of probiotic strains of lacto- and bifidobacteria on the activity of macrophages and other parameters of immunity in cases of staphylococcosis.

The immunomodulatory properties of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMVB-7281, Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280, Lactobacillus acidophilus IMV B-7279, Bifidobacterium animales VKL and B. animales VKB strains on the models of experimental staphylococcosis infection in mice were determined. It was found that after the mice, infected with staphylococcus, were treated by some probiotic strains of lacto- and bifidobacteria, a normalization of functional activity of phagoctic cells system and increase of the endogenous interferon production were observed. L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMVB-7281, L. casei IMVB-7280, L. acidophilus IMV B-7279, B. animales VKB and B. animales VKL are promising for the development of probiotics, effective against staphylococci and for the immunity correction.

[Production of immunoregulatory cytokines in autoimimune damage of the ovaries in mammals].

Several ovarian disorders in women are associated with autoimmune factors. In this study it was investigated a level of cytokines--TNF-alpha and IFNs in ovarian homogenate and blood serum at ovarian autoimmune damage of mammals. Experimental immune ovarian failure was induced in CBA mice by either immunization with allogenic ovarian extracts or administration of xenogenic anti-ovarian antibodies. Both models were accompanied with abnormalities in production of immunoregulatory cytokines. These data confirm the importance of definition of proinflammatory cytokine level for disclosing immune mechanisms which lay in a pathogenesis autoimmune ovarian diseases of female reproductive organs.

Effect of cord blood cells on interferonogenesis and effector cells of immune system.

Human cord blood cells were shown to produce interferon-alpha- and -gamma in vitro, both spontaneously and following adequate induction. Transplantation of human blood cord cells to mice led to endogenous interferonogenesis activation, serum interferon levels as well as interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma synthesis by activated peripheral blood leucocytes becoming higher. The maximal interferon accumulation in murine blood sera following transplantation did not coincide with interferonogenesis dynamics observed due to the effect of standard early and late interferon inducers - poly I:C and ridostin, respectively. Interferonogenesis activation was accompanied by increased functional activty of phagocytic system cells.

[Fundamentals of interferon system function in pathology and molecular biological peculiarities of interferon production].

Molecular biological peculiarities of interferon system function in PV-infected persons have been found. It is evident that the interferon production, anti-inflammatory cytokines and their receptors and also defensines play an important role in the mechanism of virus interaction with sensitive cells of macroorganism with development of pathological process. The new conception of expediency for the use of interferons and their inducers as the polyfunctional regulators with a broad spectrum of activity for the treatment of PV-infected patients was suggested. Patents for the method of treatment of PV-infected patients were obtained. New inducers of interferon as well as recombinant IFN-alpha-2b was developed. Our results were introduced in the medical practice.

[The dynamics of chromosomal instability of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.): the influence of seed storage temperature].

The age-related dynamics of chromosomal instability and germination capacity of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) seeds have been studied under two different storage temperatures during six years after harvesting. Seeds that were kept at the room temperature (14-28 degrees C) during 6 years of storage have lost their germination capacity. The frequencies of aberrant anaphases grew from 2% on the first month of storage up to 80% on the 75th month of storage. The germination capacity of seeds kept at the lower temperature (4-9 degrees C) was 73-77% on the 6th year of storage and the frequency of aberrant anaphases remained within the limits of 2-4%. Thus, storage of welsh onion seeds during 6 years at the lower temperature allows to retain germination capacity and restrains the augmentation of chromosomal instability in root meristem cells of seedlings during this period.

[Dynamics of the induced chromosomal instability in welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.): gamma irradiation of the seeds of different storage periods].

The chromosome aberrations in root meristem cells of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) seeds after gamma-irradiation (5 and 10 Gy) of different-aged seeds (7, 19, 31, 43 and 55 months of storage) were studied. The irradiation dose of 5 Gy significantly increased the frequency of aberrant anaphases (FAA) for 31- and 43-months seeds; the dose of 10 Gy significantly increased the FAA in seeds of all age groups. The irradiation of young (7 months) seeds resulted in decreasing of the fraction of bridges to the control level of the old (55-months) seeds for the dose of 5 Gy and below the control level of the old seeds--for the dose of 10 Gy. Some peculiarities of cytogenetic parameters of genome instability and the germinating capacity of the seeds made it possible to suppose that the third year of storage is a critical period for the welsh onion seeds.

[Number of aberrations per cell as a parameter of chromosome instability. 2. Comparative analysis of the factors of different nature]. / Kil'kist' aberatsii na klitynu iak parametr khromosomnoï nestabil'nosti. 2. Porivnial'nyi analiz vplyvu faktoriv riznoï pryrody.

The average number of aberrations per aberrant cell was concluded to carry out information on chromosome instability peculiarities induced by different mutagens as it was shown in our previous work. The purpose of the current study was to present comparative analysis of intercellular distribution of number of aberrations and their theoretical approximations. Distribution of numbers of aberrations per cell in Allium cepa L. and Allium fistulosum L. root tip cells induced by different mutagenic factors (gamma-irradiation, thiotepa, formaldehyde and seed aging) have been studied. The results were approximated to theoretical Poisson, geometric and negative binomial distributions. The intercellular distribution of aberrations did not correspond to any of the used theoretical distributions when A. cepa seeds were gamma-irradiated. There was some, but not regular, accordance with theoretical distributions when chemical mutagens thiotepa in A. cepa and formaldehyde in A. fistulosum and seed aging in both species were evaluated. During seed aging frequency of aberrant cells increased more quickly in A. fistulosum in comparison with A. cepa.

[The number of aberrations in aberrant cells as a parameter of chromosomal instability. 1. Characterization of dose dependency]. / Kil'kist' aberatsii na aberantnu klitynu iak parametr khromosomnoï nestabil'nosti. 1. Kharakterystyka dozovykh zalezhnostei.

Analysis of chromosome instability (CI) is of great importance in view of pollution of the environment by genotoxic factors. Frequency of aberrant cells, spectrum of chromosome aberrations, damages of aberrant cell and distribution of aberrations in the cells are the most conventional parameters of CI. We have carried out the comparative analysis of the frequency of aberrant cells and the dynamics of aberrant cell damages induced by different mutagenic factors (alpha-irradiation from 241Am, gamma-irradiation from 60Co and tioTEPA) in Allium-test. This comparative analysis denotes that the studied parameters have different dynamics characterizing different mechanisms of CI in Allium cepa L.

[Interferon inducers--from theory to practice]. / Induktory interferonu--vid teoriï do praktyky.

The authors present up-to-date information concerning different inducers of different interferon types in vivo and in vitro. Interactions between the structure and interferon-inducing activity of high and low molecular weight inducers are in the focus of this paper. There are also a lot of data, concerning different biological properties of interferon-inducing compounds. Different aspects of inducers use as antiviral and immunomodulating drugs are also discussed.

[Mathematical modelling and the prognosis of treatment efficacy in papillomavirus infection of the cervix uteri]. / Matematychne modeliuvannia ta prohnozuvannia efektyvnosti likuvannia papilomavirusnoï infektsiï shyiky matky.

In this paper, consideration is given to the problem of mathematical modelling, diagnosis and effects of treatment options on the condition of a patient exposed to papillomavirus infection. The problem is tackled of identifying the most prominent signs of degree of severity of the disease course and of therapy efficiency on the basis of parameters characterizing the immunologic vigor with making use of the covariation matrix eigenvalues algorithm, namely the modelling manifolds algorithm. Such an approach allows the central problem of classification of indices for the immunologic vigor to be settled. A mathematical model as discrimination surface to be used for prediction of results of the treatments administered is constructed.