[Assessment of biological age and body composition in people involved in hardening]. / Otsenka biologicheskogo vozrasta i komponentnogo sostava tela u lyudei, zanimayushchikhsya zakalivaniem.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To assess the biological age of persons belonging to the group of the second mature age, who are engaged in different types of hardening, using the method of bioimpedance analysis, depending on gender, age and additional sports activities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 36 women and 27 men of the second mature age involved in hardening. The division into groups took place taking into account gender and the presence/absence of any sports activities. Anthropometric and hemodynamic parameters were measured, the qualitative composition of the body was studied by the method of bioimpedance analysis, and the biological age was determined by the method of V. Sukhov. RESULTS: The body mass index of the examined women and men was above the normal range. According to bioimpedance analysis, in men, the indicators of fat, lean, active cell and skeletal muscle mass, total water, waist/hip index had higher values than in women. In a comparative analysis of the calendar and biological age, it was found that the biological age in all the studied groups was reduced relative to the calendar. It should be noted that both in women and men in the «hardening¼ groups, the difference between biological and calendar age was more pronounced (p≤0.01) than in the «hardening-sport¼ groups (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Despite the fact that hardening is associated with a high level of stress (both emotional and physical), it helps to slow down the rate of aging of the body and leads to a decrease in the wear and tear of the functioning of natural physiological processes. Due to hardening, a decrease in the biological age of a person is observed, which can be associated with both a high level of health and lifestyle.

[The dynamics of hemodynamic, psychophysiological parameters and adaptive potential of men of working age engaged in water-cold hardening]. / Izmenenie gemodinamicheskikh, psikhofiziologicheskikh pokazatelei i adaptatsionnogo potentsiala muzhchin trudosposobnogo vozrasta, zanimayushchikhsya vodno-kholodovym zakalivaniem.

The article shows the influence of repeated repetition of contrasting temperature effects on hemodynamic, psychophysiological parameters and the adaptive potential of men of working age. OBJECTIVE: To assess changes of hemodynamic and psychophysiological parameters, as well as the adaptive potential in healthy men of working age under the influence of repeated contrasting temperature exposures, the difference of which is about 70 °C. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood pressure, heart rate and Luscher test were measured 20 minutes before and 20 minutes after repeated exposure of contrasting temperature changes (alternation of temperature cycles). The following parameters were calculated: dynamics of pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure, Stroke volume (SV), Cardiac output (CO), the Kerdo vegetative index (KVI). Assessment of adaptive potential (AP) was carried out according to the Baevsky's Stress Index and Robinson index. Also, integral parameters of psychophysiological status were evaluated by the Luscher test. RESULTS: In the course of the study, it was proved that 20 minutes before repeated contrast temperature exposure, the level of SBP and heart rate was increased (p<0.01), and 20 minutes after the completion of procedures the decrease of SBP level was observed (p<0.05). The CO level before the start of temperature exposure was decreased (p<0.01), and 20 minutes after the finish of the contrasting effects this dynamics was preserved (p<0.01). The AP level before the start of contrasting exposure was 2.79±0.10, and after contrasting exposure it was decreased (p<0.05). The Robinson index (RI) was higher than the established normal values before temperature effects (112.53±6.82), then its decrease was noted (p<0.01). According to Luscher's test, the integral parameters «Heteronomy-autonomy¼, «Balance of personal properties¼, «Vegetative coefficient¼ significantly changed psychophysiological characteristics. The parameter «Total deviation¼ indicated an average level of unproductive neuropsychic tension (before - 14.71±2.19, after - 14.36±2.26) both before and after repeated temperature exposures. The VIC parameter of the study participants testified to the predominance of parasympathicotonia (before - -2.07±5; after - -7.23±5.62). At the same time, correlations were established only before repeated contrast exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Repeatedly repeated contrasting temperature effects cause ambiguous reactions of the body. Changes in hemodynamic, psychophysiological parameters and adaptive potential are observed some time before the alternation of cycles of contrasting exposures. Most likely, this reaction of the body is a reaction to the upcoming temperature stress. If the model of stress exposure, when the temperature variation is about 70 °C, occurs regularly and systematically (once a week throughout the entire winter season), in this case, the main recommendation is to control the blood pressure level before the start of contrast exposure as a precautionary measure to prevent the development of adverse cardiovascular reactions.