The Predictive Value of SII Combined with UHR for Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) refers to the acute renal dysfunction caused by the injection of contrast agents. CI-AKI is currently a common complication after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Objective: To investigate the predictive value of the combined systemic inflammatory index (SII) and urate/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) for CI-AKI after PCI in patients with AMI. Methods: A total of 1222 patients with AMI who underwent PCI were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group in an 8:2 ratio. According to the definition of CI-AKI diagnostic criteria, the training group was divided into CI-AKI group and non-CI-AKI group. Collect patient's blood and biochemical data, then calculate SII and UHR. The risk factors for CI-AKI were identified using LASSO and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A predictive column was created by using R language.Evaluate the predictive value of SII, UHR and their combination for CI-AKI after PCI using the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: Diabetes, Cystatin C, Diuretics, UHR, and LnSII were independent risk factors for CI-AKI in AMI patients after PCI. The ROC curve showed that the AUC of UHR and SII combined for predicting CI-AKI in AMI patients after PCI was 0.761 (95% CI: 0.709-0.812), with a sensitivity of 65.20% and a specificity of 76.70%, which was better than the prediction by either factor alone. Conclusion: High SII and high UHR are risk factors for AMI, and their combination can improve the accuracy of predicting CI-AKI in AMI patients after PCI.The prognosis of CI-AKI in AMI patients is worse than in the general population.

Multiplex Collagen Fingerprinting for the Staging of Hepatic Fibrosis Using High-Precision Fluorescence-Guided SERS Imaging.

Hepatic fibrosis is a common chronic liver disease, and its severe progression can culminate in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Precise diagnosis and staging of hepatic fibrosis are essential to prevent liver cirrhosis and HCC. Simultaneous detection of multiplex collagen biomarkers within liver tissue is crucial for staging hepatic fibrosis. We herein for the first time constructed multiplex collagen fingerprinting for the staging of hepatic fibrosis using high-precision fluorescence-guided surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) imaging. SERS/fluorescent probes, collectively referred to as SF, comprising silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), Raman reporters, and FAM-labeled collagen targeting peptides. These probes exhibit exceptional aqueous dispersion and stability, attributed to the increased number of Asp residues in CTP. Meanwhile, SF probes, namely SF-I, SF-IV, and SF-D have demonstrated specific targeting of type I, type IV, and denatured collagen, respectively, within hepatic fibrotic tissues. The results from fluorescence-guided SERS imaging underscore the method's capacity for typing, localization, and quantification of collagen, thus providing novel insights into collagen's role in the development of hepatic fibrosis. The collagen fingerprinting strategy offers a potent toolkit for the multifaceted profiling of collagen superfamilies, holding significant implications for the precise staging of hepatic fibrosis.

A case report of nasal myiasis caused by Musca domestica in a patient with respiratory failure.

Nasal myiasis is a nasal infestation caused by myiasis, a parasitic disease affecting the nasal cavity. It is a rare condition. The nasal cavity is in close proximity to the sinuses, eyes, and cranial cavity. If the fly larvae migrate into this location, it may result in significant complications. The prompt and appropriate removal of maggots and the administration of an efficacious treatment can effectively prevent further deterioration of the disease. In this case study, we present the case of a 55-year-old woman who was admitted to the intensive care unit with severe respiratory failure. On the fourth day following admission, the patient remained unconscious, and several white larvae emerged from the nasal cavity. Through identification, the larvae were determined to be Musca domestica larvae. Subsequently, saline irrigation was performed under nasal endoscopy, and anti-inflammatory therapy was administered to the patient to prevent intracranial infection. Following treatment, the patient's symptoms were effectively managed, and the prognosis remained favorable until the 1-month follow-up. This case report presents a literature review of the reported cases of nasal myiasis caused by M. domestica and discusses the susceptibility factors and treatment modalities for nasal myiasis.

High-Sensitivity and In Situ Multi-Component Detection of Gases Based on Multiple-Reflection-Cavity-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Raman spectroscopy with the advantages of the in situ and simultaneous detection of multi-components has been widely used in the identification and quantitative detection of gas. As a type of scattering spectroscopy, the detection sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy is relatively lower, mainly due to the low signal collection efficiency. This paper presents the design and assembly of a multi-channel cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy system, optimizing the structure of the sample pool to reduce the loss of the laser and increase the excitation intensity of the Raman signals. Moreover, three channels are used to collect Raman signals to increase the signal collection efficiency for improving the detection sensitivity. The results showed that the limits of detection for the CH4, H2, CO2, O2, and N2 gases were calculated to be 3.1, 34.9, 17.9, 27, and 35.2 ppm, respectively. The established calibration curves showed that the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.999, indicating an excellent linear correlation and high level of reliability. Meanwhile, under long-time integration detection, the Raman signals of CH4, H2, and CO2 could be clearly distinguished at the concentrations of 10, 10, and 50 ppm, respectively. The results indicated that the designed Raman system possesses broad application prospects in complex field environments.

STING Agonist Delivered by Neutrophil Membrane-Coated Gold Nanoparticles Exerts Synergistic Tumor Inhibition with Radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the major treatments for cancers and a promising initiator of immune response. Gold nanoparticles are a promising radiosensitizer. In this study, we sought to optimize the drug delivery efficiency of gold nanoparticles and explore their function in delivering stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists with or without RT. Gold nanoparticles covalent to MSA-2 (MSA-Au) were mixed with cRGD-modified neutrophil membranes to obtain M-Au@RGD-NM. We explored the treatment efficiency of M-Au@RGD-NM combined with RT. Immune cell regulation and STING pathway activation were detected. We successfully prepared M-Au@RGD-NM with significant tumor suppression by induction of ROS and the resulting DNA damage. In vivo dynamic imaging showed that M-Au@RGD-NM was mainly targeted to radiated tumors. Tumor-bearing mice showed significant tumor inhibition following a combination therapy. M-Au@RGD-NM significantly activated the STING pathway and regulated the whole-body immune response. Locally radiated tumors showed dendritic cells mature, CD8+ T cells upregulation, and M1 polarization, with systematic immune response demonstrated by CD8+ T cell infiltration in abscopal tumors. In this study, we synthesized M-Au@RGD-NM loading MSA-2. Following characterization, we found that RT-based M-Au@RGD-NM treatment achieved good antitumor effects, tumor RT enhancement, and induction of an immune response via STING activation.

High-Entropy Materials for Application: Electricity, Magnetism, and Optics.

High-entropy materials (HEMs) have recently emerged as a prominent research focus in materials science, gaining considerable attention because of their complex composition and exceptional properties. These materials typically comprise five or more elements mixed approximately in equal atomic ratios. The resultant high-entropy effects, lattice distortions, slow diffusion, and cocktail effects contribute to their unique physical, chemical, and optical properties. This study reviews the electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of HEMs and explores their potential applications. Additionally, it discusses the theoretical calculation methods and preparation techniques for HEMs, thereby offering insights and prospects for their future development.

A retrospective study of irreversible electroporation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure.

Background: Irreversible electroporation has been proved as a feasible and safe method against tumor in liver. However, few studies focused on tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure like vessels, biliary system and gall bladder. These structures limit the effectiveness of conventional treatments. The aim of this article is to analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatic tumors at the special sites who received IRE treatment and provide reliable evidence for broadening the scope of IRE's clinical application. Methods: The clinical information of patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure between February 2017 and December 2021 was collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT or MRI for further evaluation at the 1-month follow-up and every 3 months thereafter. Post-ablation complications, recurrence, progression-free survival and overall survival were evaluated to analyze the prognosis of IRE ablation adjacent to perihepatic important structure. Categorical variables are presented as numbers followed by percentages. Continuous data are presented as the mean ± deviation. The tumor size and IRE ablation size were evaluated by the maximum diameters. Results: Thirty-two patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumor adjacent to perihepatic important structure were studied in this research. There were 39 lesions in 32 patients treated with IRE ablation. Fourteen of them (35.9%) were located adjacent to the porta hepatis, and 8 of them (20.5%) were located adjacent to the hepatocaval confluence. Subcapsular lesions accounted for 15.4% (6 of 39 lesions). The other 11 lesions were in the para gallbladder (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%), the caudate lobe (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%) and the colonic hepatic flexure (1 of 39 lesions, 2.6%). According to the Clavien-Dindo classification system for complications, all relative patients with cancer experienced complications below class III except one patient who developed postoperative hemorrhagic shock and improved after timely treatment. Recurrence in situ was observed in 5 of 32 (15.6%) patients. The median PFS of the patients who received IRE ablation was 384 days, and the median OS was 571 days. Conclusion: IRE ablation is a feasible and safe treatment strategy for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure. With improved equipment, optimized therapeutic parameters and long-term clinical trials, IRE will play an increasingly important role in the treatment of tumors in liver.

Tumor-Targeted CO Nanodelivery System Design and Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

In recent years, carbon monoxide (CO) has garnered increased attention as a novel green therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. However, the CO donor is still limited in clinical application due to its lack of targeted ability and unstable release rate. Here, self-assembled amphiphilic nanomicelles glucose-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-lipoic acid (LA)-Fe2(CO)6 (Glu-Fe2(CO)6) are first designed as a CO donor and synthesized via a chemical method, combining glucose with Fe2(CO)6 through PEG-LA. Some advantages of this tumor-targeted Glu-Fe2(CO)6 delivery system include (I) good water-solubility, (II) the glutathione responsive CO slow release, (III) the active tumor-targeted ability of glucose as targeted ligands, and (IV) outstanding efficacy of antitumor and safety of CO therapy of HCC both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that Glu-Fe2(CO)6 nanomicelles hold promise for enhancing antitumor therapeutic capabilities, presenting a novel tumor-targeted delivery strategy in gas therapy for HCC treatment.

A multi-task deep learning approach for real-time view classification and quality assessment of echocardiographic images.

High-quality standard views in two-dimensional echocardiography are essential for accurate cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment decisions. However, the quality of echocardiographic images is highly dependent on the practitioner's experience. Ensuring timely quality control of echocardiographic images in the clinical setting remains a significant challenge. In this study, we aimed to propose new quality assessment criteria and develop a multi-task deep learning model for real-time multi-view classification and image quality assessment (six standard views and "others"). A total of 170,311 echocardiographic images collected between 2015 and 2022 were utilized to develop and evaluate the model. On the test set, the model achieved an overall classification accuracy of 97.8% (95%CI 97.7-98.0) and a mean absolute error of 6.54 (95%CI 6.43-6.66). A single-frame inference time of 2.8 ms was achieved, meeting real-time requirements. We also analyzed pre-stored images from three distinct groups of echocardiographers (junior, senior, and expert) to evaluate the clinical feasibility of the model. Our multi-task model can provide objective, reproducible, and clinically significant view quality assessment results for echocardiographic images, potentially optimizing the clinical image acquisition process and improving AI-assisted diagnosis accuracy.

Injectable and biodegradable collagen-chitosan microspheres for enhanced skin regeneration.

Skin aging is influenced by both external environmental factors and intrinsic biological mechanisms. Traditional microsphere implants aim to rejuvenate aging skin through collagen regeneration, yet their non-biodegradability and risk of granuloma formation often limit their effectiveness. In this study, we developed novel, injectable, highly bioactive, and degradable collagen-chitosan double-crosslinked composite microspheres for skin rejuvenation. The microspheres demonstrated excellent injectability, requiring an injection force of only 0.9 N, and significant biodegradability, effectively degraded in solutions containing phosphate buffer, type I collagenase, and pepsin. In addition, the microspheres exhibited excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity, significantly promoting the proliferation, adhesion, and migration of human foreskin fibroblast-1 (HFF-1) cells. In a photoaged mouse skin model, the implantation of microspheres significantly enhanced dermal density and skin elasticity while reducing transepidermal water loss. Importantly, the implant promoted the regeneration of collagen fibers. This study suggests that collagen-chitosan double-crosslinked composite microspheres hold significant potential for skin rejuvenation treatments.

Agarose-collagen composite microsphere implants: A biocompatible and robust approach for skin tissue regeneration.

Photoaged skin, a consequence of UV radiation-induced collagen degradation, presents a significant challenge for skin rejuvenation. Synthetic polymer microspheres, while offering collagen regeneration potential, carry risks like granulomas. To overcome this, we developed a novel agarose-collagen composite microsphere implant for skin tissue regeneration. Fabricated using an emulsification-crosslinking method, these microspheres exhibited excellent uniformity and sphericity (with a diameter of ~38.5 µm), as well as attractive injectability. In vitro studies demonstrated their superior biocompatibility, promoting cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Further assessments revealed favorable biosafety and blood compatibility. In vivo experiments in photoaged mice showed that implantation of these microspheres effectively reduced wrinkles, increased skin density, and improved elasticity by stimulating fibroblast encapsulation and collagen regeneration. These findings highlight the potential of agarose-collagen microspheres in dermatological and tissue engineering applications, offering a safer alternative for skin rejuvenation.

The Serum NLRP1 Level and Coronary Artery Calcification: From Association to Development of a Risk-Prediction Nomogram.

Background: To investigate the correlation between inflammasomes and coronary artery calcification (CAC), and develop and validating a nomogram for predicting the risk of CAC in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 626 patients with CAD at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into the calcification group and the non-calcification group based on the assessment of coronary calcification. We constructed a training set and a validation set through random assignment. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate analysis were performed to identify independent risk factors of CAC in patients with CAD. Based on these independent predictors, we developed a web-based dynamic nomogram prediction model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate this nomogram. Results: Age, smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, the serum level of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and triglycerides (TG) were identified as independent risk factors of CAC. The AUC-ROC of the nomogram is 0.881 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.850-0.912) in the training set and 0.825 (95% CI: 0.760-0.876) in the validation set, implying high discriminative ability. Satisfactory performance of this model was confirmed using calibration curves and DCA. Conclusions: The serum NLRP1 level is an independent predictor of CAC. We established a web-based dynamic nomogram, providing a more accurate estimation and comprehensive perspective for predicting the risk of CAC in patients with CAD.

A pilot study of safety and efficacy comparison of low molecular heparin calcium sequential oral anticoagulants in the treatment of cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to compare and assess the efficacy and safety of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium (LMWH-Ca), followed by either warfarin or rivaroxaban, as treatment options for portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: In this pilot study, cirrhotic (with liver function score of Child-Pugh A) patients diagnosed with PVT who were not on anticoagulant therapy received 2 weeks of subcutaneous injections of LMWH-Ca. They were then randomized to either warfarin (a full course of oral warfarin for 6 months) or rivaroxaban (a full course of oral rivaroxaban for 2 months), with 30 cases in each group. After a treatment period of up to 6 months, a comparative analysis was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of both groups. Volumetric changes in PVT were monitored dynamically using enhanced computed tomography scans before treatment at week 2 and month 6. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical characteristics of the patients between the two groups. Rivaroxaban treatment reduced PVT median volume from 1.83 cm3 at week 2 to 0.0 cm3 at month 6 and prevented the worsening of PVT after 6 months of treatment with LMWH-Ca (P < 0.001). On the other hand, warfarin treatment increased PVT median volume from 1.95 cm3 at week 2 to 3.78 cm3 at month 6 (P = 0.002). None of the 30 patients in the rivaroxaban group had clinically significant gastrointestinal bleeding, while 2 of the 30 patients (7%) in the warfarin group had gastrointestinal bleeding (P = 0.317). CONCLUSION: Rivaroxaban followed by LMWH-Ca is an effective anticoagulant treatment strategy for PVT in cirrhosis.

Clinical and Pathological Features of the Nested Subtype of Urothelial Carcinoma With Lymph Node Metastasis as the Initial Presentation: A Case Report.

The nested subtype of urothelial carcinoma (NS-UC), a rare and aggressive bladder cancer, mimics benign bladder lesions but behaves like high-grade urothelial carcinomas. The author reported a rare case of NS-UC, initially presenting with inguinal lymph node metastasis. The tumor cells of NS-UC exhibit minimal cellular atypia, forming small nests, while the tumor cells of lymph node metastatic carcinoma show greater cellular atypia with diverse structures. Immunohistochemistry is helpful in determining the origin of lymph node metastatic carcinoma. NS-UC often presents morphologically similar to benign lesions, which should be given sufficient attention.

Long-term exposure to dimefluthrin inhibits the growth of Acrossocheilus fasciatus.

Dimefluthrin (DIM) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide commonly used for the control of pests, particularly for mosquitoes and other flying insects. However, the effects of DIM on non-target aquatic organisms are not known. In this study, we evaluated the long-term effects of DIM on juvenile Acrossocheilus fasciatus (a species of teleost fish) by exposing them to two different concentrations (0.8 µg/L and 4 µg/L) for 60 days. After 60 d of exposure, DIM induced a significant decrease in body weight and irregular, diffused villi in the intestines of A. fasciatus, accompanied by alterations in the expression of immune-related genes. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), all downregulated genes were enriched in processes such as small molecule/cellular amino acid metabolism, generation of precursor metabolites and energy, and phosphatase activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that the downregulated genes were associated with processes such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, intestinal immune network for IgA production, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and antigen processing and presentation. In contrast, upregulated DEGs were linked to processes such as necroptosis, phototransduction, and Hippo signaling pathway. These results demonstrate the potential toxicity of DIM to non-target aquatic organisms, indicating the broader ecological implications of its use.

Comparison of the Effect of a 6-French Glidesheath Slender and a Conventional Sheath on Distal Radial Artery Occlusion: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of randomized clinical trials on whether the 6-French (Fr) Glidesheath Slender (GSS; Terumo, Tokyo, Japan) is superior to the 6-Fr conventional radial sheath (CS) with respect to the early-term incidence of distal radial artery occlusion (dRAO) in patients who have undergone coronary angiography (CAG) and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via distal transradial access. METHODS: This was a prospective, single-centre trial of patients who were randomized to undergo CAG and/or PCI with either a 6-Fr GSS or a 6-Fr CS. The primary end point was the incidence of dRAO at 24 hours postoperatively, evaluated using Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: A total of 620 patients were included in the study. The baseline patient and procedural characteristics were similar among the 2 groups. For the primary end point, the incidence of dRAO at 24 hours after the procedure was 1.0% (3/314) in the GSS group and 3.6% (11/306) in the CS group (risk ratio, 0.266; 95% confidence interval, 0.075-0.943; P = 0.027) according to the intention to treat analysis. For the secondary end points, the incidence of proximal radial artery occlusion was 0.3% (1/314) in the GSS group and 2.3% (7/306) in the CS group (P = 0.029). Other secondary end points, including the puncture success rate, procedural outcomes, other puncture-related outcomes, and access-related complications were not significantly different in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a thin-walled and hydrophilic coating sheath can reduce the incidence of early-term dRAO in patients who undergo CAG and/or PCI via the distal transradial access. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05501925.

Gambogic Acid Improves Cisplatin Resistance of Bladder Cancer Cells through the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Pathway Mediated by the miR-205-5p/ZEB1 Axis.

OBJECTIVE: Bladder cancer (BC) is primarily treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy, but the development of cisplatin resistance often leads to BC recurrence. This study is focused on assessing the potential of gambogic acid (GA) in mitigating BC cells' cisplatin resistance, along with an analysis of the underlying mechanism involved. METHODS: Cisplatin was administered to human bladder transitional cell carcinoma cells (T24) at various concentration gradients to induce cisplatin-resistant (T24-DDP) cells. Several experimental groups were set: T24 group, T24-DDP group, T24-DDP+DDP group, T24-DDP+GA group, T24-DDP+DDP+GA group, T24-DDP+DDP+GA+miR-NC group, and T24-DDP+DDP+GA+miR-205-5p inhibitor group. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell migration assay, and scratch assay were respectively carried out for assessment of cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Western blot analysis was conducted for detection of the protein expression of E-cadherin, ZEB1, Vimentin, N-cadherin, LRP, MRP, and P-gp in the cells, while the relative expression level of miR-205-5p was determined by qRT-PCR. RESULTS: In comparison with the T24-DDP group, cells in the T24-DDP+GA group showed enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin. Furthermore, as indicated by CCK-8 assay, GA improved T24-DDP cells' sensitivity to cisplatin, potentiated the effects of cisplatin, and exerted an inhibitory effect on the invasion, proliferation, as well as migration of T24-DDP cells. Through Western blot analysis, GA was revealed to significantly inhibit the expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and Vimentin, as well as that of cisplatin-resistant proteins MRP, P-gp, and LRP in BC cells. In addition, shown by further experiments, GA promoted miR-205-5p expression and simultaneously inhibited ZEB1 expression within the cells. CONCLUSION: GA alleviates BC cells' cisplatin resistance through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway mediated by the miR-205-5p/ZEB1 axis.

M2 macrophage exosomes promote resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via miR-200c-3p.

OBJECTIVE: Sorafenib is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its clinical response rates are often low. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been implicated in tumour resistance. The relationship between TAMs-derived exosomes and primary resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma is unclear. METHODS: The study analysed RNA-SEQ data from TCGA-LIHC to explore the relationship between TAMs and sorafenib IC50. THP-1-induced M2 macrophages were used as a model to investigate the relationship between M2 macrophage exosomes and primary resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells using apoptosis, colony generation, cell viability and dual luciferase. RESULTS: M2 macrophage score and sorafenib IC50 were positively correlated in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, M2 macrophage exosomes promoted sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and M2-exo-miR-200c-3p facilitated the development of sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by mediating the activation of PI3K/AKT. CONCLUSION: We propose and demonstrate for the first time that M2 macrophage exosomes promote sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma, providing a new perspective for the clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Doramectin attenuates inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance in food-borne obese mice.

The avermectin derivative doramectin is widely used clinically as an antiparasitic drug and, in addition, doramectin may have a modulatory role in obesity. Adipose tissue macrophage recruitment and polarization play an important role in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of doramectin on high-fat diet-induced inflammation and macrophage polarization in white adipose tissue of epididymis of obese mice. We found that compared with high-fat diet-fed obese mice, doramectin treatment resulted in a significant decrease in body weight and lipid levels, improved insulin resistance, an increase in the proportion of M2-type macrophages and a decrease in the proportion of M1-type macrophages in the epididymal white adipose tissues, as well as a decrease in the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the adipose tissues. Thus, doramectin can ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity and adipose inflammation by affecting macrophage polarization in white adipose tissue.