RESUMEN
The National School Health Program in Portugal advocates for healthy lifestyles. However, school health teams mostly focus their activities on educating children, whereas it is the families who are primarily responsible for managing children's lifestyles. Although the programme proposes interactive health education activities, such as meetings with the children's families, few parents participate in these activities. The project Gostar de Mim was created to bridge this gap by promoting healthy family lifestyles in school settings. The project used an evaluating instrument called the 'Parents' Booklet' packed with information. This study assessed the usefulness of the booklet in providing health information and planning family engagement. Based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED framework (PRECEDE: Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational/Environmental Diagnosis and Evaluation; PROCEED: Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development), this article focuses on the social and epidemiological assessment phases. We examined the health surveillance status of children aged 6-10 years (epidemiological phase) and description of health behaviours in different lifestyle dimensions (behavioural and environmental phase). The Parents' Booklet was used to identify parents' perspectives on their children's lifestyles. Data analysis of 568 Parents' Booklet (23 schools) use cases showed that the lifestyle priorities, in order, were 'sleep and rest' (95.6 %), 'energy balance' (100 %), 'oral/body healthcare' (95.6 %), 'alcohol, tobacco/other drugs' (73.9 %), 'consumerism' (91.3 %), 'leisure-time occupation' (91.3 %), and 'literacy and satisfaction at school' (86.9 %). Clearly, the Parents' Booklet was useful, as it made it possible to obtain information that allowed for participatory school health diagnosis and can guide community nursing actions that need to be developed in schools. Crucially, this tool can be useful for parents, enabling them to be more aware of their children's lifestyle via self-monitoring as well as increasing their participation in health education.
RESUMEN
The liver is primarilyresponsible for energy homeostasis and the regulation of lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Lipid metabolism consists of distributing lipids to peripheral tissues or ensuring their return to the liver to be reprocessed. Additionally, cellular metabolism isregulated by several molecules in different signaling pathways. Lipid homeostasis in the liver is mainly regulated by AKT, AMPK, SREBP, PPAR, and JNK. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway results in the biosynthesis of macromolecules and regulates lipogenesis and the expression of lipogenic genes. AMPK is an energy sensor that regulates metabolism and is activated when stored ATP is depleted, and it is responsible for the suppression of several key lipogenic factors in the liver related to cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. SREBPs control lipogenic geneexpressionandcholesterol metabolism and actin the nutritional regulation of fatty acids and triglycerides. The continued activation of SREBPs is associated with cellular stress, inflammation and ultimately steatosis. PPARs are intrinsically important regulators of lipid metabolism. These genes are essential tovarious metabolic processes, especially lipid and glucose homeostasis, and can play a role in cell differentiation. JNK signaling is related to insulin resistance and its activation results in decreased mitochondrial activity and fat accumulation. Therefore, the study of cell signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism and liver function may help to identify abnormalities and develop strategies to manage and regulate metabolic disorders and resulting complications.
Asunto(s)
Hígado Graso/metabolismo , Hígado/fisiología , Hígado/metabolismo , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , RanunculaceaeRESUMEN
NS1 is a biomarker for different Flavivirus diseases such as dengue (DENV), zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) and was herein selectively quantified by electrochemical capacitive sensing (an impedance-derived capacitance methodology wherein the redox probe is contained in the receptive layer) mainly aiming dengue diagnosis in phosphate buffer saline and blood serum environments (up to the neat level). The capacitive sensing was compared to traditional concurrent impedimetric approach (in which the redox probe is added in the biological solution) and other transient methods stated in the literature regarding figures of merit such as limit of detection, linear range, relative standard deviation and affinity constant. Capacitive and impedimetric assays showed equivalent results for linear range, repeatability, sensitivity and constant of affinity. Nonetheless capacitive assays presented better reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3±1 and 7±4 (all in percentage) in PBS and serum, respectively, meanwhile for impedimetric assays the RSD values were 9±5 in PBS and 12±6 in serum. Thus, by using capacitive assays, an improvement on the analytical performance was observed with the limit of detection about sixty-fold lower in neat serum (â¼0.5ngmL-1 for capacitive over â¼30ngmL-1 for impedimetric assays) compared to traditional electrochemistry methods in general hence demonstrating the superior detection sensitivity for NS1 protein. Accordingly, redox tagged capacitive assays are suitable for the development of multiplex point-of-care neglected diseases sensing applications.
Asunto(s)
Espectroscopía Dieléctrica/métodos , Infecciones por Flavivirus/sangre , Infecciones por Flavivirus/diagnóstico , Flavivirus/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/sangre , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Dengue/sangre , Dengue/diagnóstico , Dengue/virología , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Flavivirus/virología , Humanos , Límite de Detección , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/análisisRESUMEN
Natural rubber latex (NRL) from Hevea brasiliensis is easily manipulated, low cost, is of can stimulate natural angiogenesis and cellular adhesion, is a biocompatible, material and presents high mechanical resistance. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a synthetic antibiotic (fluoroquinolone) used in the treatment of infection at external fixation screws sites and remote infections, and this use is increasingly frequent in medical practice. The aim of this study was to develop a novel sustained delivery system for CIP based on NRL membranes and to study its delivery system behavior. CIP was found to be adsorbed on the NRL membrane, according to results of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results show that the membrane can release CIP for up to 59.08% in 312 hours and the mechanism is due to super case II (non-Fickian). The kinetics of the drug release could be fitted with double exponential function X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy shows some interaction by hydrogen bound, which influences its mechanical behavior.