Incidence of periprosthetic joint infection after primary total knee arthroplasty shows significant variation : a synthesis of meta-analysis and bibliometric analysis.

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgery that is commonly performed on older adults to improve their quality of life. However, the increasing use of knee joint prostheses has led to a rise in the incidence of Prosthetic Joint Infections (PJI) in patients after TKA. Different clinical studies have looked at the occurrence of PJI after TKA in different regions, but they have drawn varying conclusions. To better understand this topic, we conducted a meta-analysis and bibliometric study using data from multiple databases. Our research found that the estimated prevalence of PJI after TKA is approximately 1.08% across different regions, but there is still considerable variation. Additionally, our regression analysis of sub-groups shows significant differences in follow-up periods. Furthermore, our comprehensive bibliometric analysis identifies current research trends, "hotspots" related to TKA-related PJI, influential nations, organizations, and noteworthy publications. Our analysis provides valuable insights to guide future research in this area.

AIBP protects drug-induced liver injury by inhibiting MAPK-mediated NR4A1 expression.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an important adverse drug reaction that can lead to acute liver failure or even death in severe cases. AIBP is a binding protein of apolipoprotein AI involved in lipid metabolism and maintenance of oxidative respiration in mitochondria, but its role in DILI is unclear. By constructing AIBP knockout mice, overexpressing and knocking down AIBP in cell lines, we established animal and cell models of DILI. Using western blotting and real-time qPCR assay, we explored the influence of AIBP in activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signal pathways and possible targets. AIBP was downregulated during hepatocyte injury. AIBP deficient mice develop severe liver injury and more sensitive to drug-induced cell death. Overexpression of AIBP protects cells under APAP treatment. Furthermore, AIBP inhibits the activation of MAPK pathways, through which AIBP regulates NR4A1. These results suggest that AIBP is expected to become a valuable biomarker and therapeutic target in liver injury.

Eliminating Charge Transfer at Cathode-Electrolyte Interface for Ultrafast Kinetics in Na-Ion Batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries suffer from kinetic problems stemming from sluggish ion transport across the electrode-electrolyte interface, causing rapid energy decay during fast-charging or low-temperature operation. One exciting prospect to enhance kinetics is constructing neuron-like electrodes that emulate fast signal transmission in a nervous system. It has been considered that these bioinspired designs enhance electron/ion transport of the electrodes through carbon networks. However, whether they can avoid sluggish charge transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface remains unknown. By connecting the openings of carbon nanotubes with the surface of carbon-coated Na3V2O2(PO4)2F cathode nanoparticles, here we use carbon nanotubes to trap Na+ ions released from the nanoparticles during charge. Therefore, Na+ movement is confined only inside the neuron-like cathode, eliminating ion transport between the electrolyte and cathode, which has been scarcely achieved in conventional batteries. As a result, a 14-fold reduction in interfacial charge transfer resistance is achieved when compared to unmodified cathodes, leading to superior fast-charging performance and excellent cyclability up to 200C, and surprisingly, reversible operation at low temperatures down to -60 °C without electrolyte modification, surpassing other Na3V2O2(PO4)2F-based batteries reported to date. As battery operation has relied on charge transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface for over 200 years, our approach departs from this traditional ion transport paradigm, paving the way for building better batteries that work under harsh conditions.

Diagnosis of the fragmentation of urban ecological network structure and its social-ecological responses.

The fragmentation of ecological network structures has become a common problem faced by cities. By establishing the urban ecological network under a specific socio-ecological system framework, we aimed to propose a quantitative index to diagnose the fragmentation of the network structure, and to construct detection model to explore the driving factors and mechanism of the network fragmentation. Using Shenzhen City as an example, we used the Floyd-Prim algorithm to generate the skeleton structure of the ecological network and construct a density discontinuity index to diagnose network fragmentation. Combined with the ecological network scenario, social-ecological system framework and a two-layer indicator system were constructed. The detection models were then established to explore the drivers of network disruption and their mode of impact. The models show that the average degree of network fragmentation in Shenzhen was 0.13, and the density of about 85% of corridor discontinuities was greater than 0.01, reflecting the serious state of structural fragmentation. Corridors with more severe structural fragmentation have poorer social-ecological coordination. The fragmentation in Shenzhen was mainly affected by the activities of actors (A) at the microlevel and the resource system (RS) at the macrolevel. The methods and the framework of socio-ecosystem analysis proposed in this paper can reveal the driving factors and influence modes of network fragmentation, providing decision-making reference for ecological restoration practice in urbanized areas.

Oxygen-doped Porous Ultrathin Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Rhodamine B Degradation.

Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a highly promising metal-free photocatalyst. However, its applicability is restricted by low activity, due to weak quantum efficiency and small specific surface area. Exfoliating bulk crystals into porous thin-layer nanosheets and introducing element doping have been shown to improve photocatalytic efficiency, but these methods are often complex, time-consuming, and costly processes. In this study, we successfully synthesized porous oxygen-doped g-C3N4 (OCN) nanosheets utilizing a straightforward method. Our findings show that OCN have much higher light absorption and visible-light photocatalytic activity than bulk g-C3N4 (BCN) and nonporous g-C3N4 (CN). The OCN photocatalyst has a remarkable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) rate of 8.02 mmol·g-1 h-1, which is 8 times greater than BCN. Additionally, the OCN shows a high degradation rate of 97.3% for Rhodamine B (RhB). This enhanced photocatalytic activity is ascribed to the narrow band gap and superior electron transfer capacity. Our findings suggest a potential technique for generating efficient g-C3N4 photocatalysts.

Toripalimab combined with definitive chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients (TRACE): A single-arm, phase I/II trial.

PURPOSE: This phase I/II trial (ChiCTR2000032879) assessed the safety and efficacy of toripalimab combined with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-two patients, regardless of their programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) status, received toripalimab combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). CCRT included cisplatin (40 mg/m2, once weekly for 5 weeks), radiotherapy (45-50.4 Gy/25-28 Fx, 5 fractions weekly), followed by brachytherapy (24-30 Gy/3-5 Fx) and toripalimab (240 mg, intravenous) on days 1, 22 and 43 during CCRT. The primary endpoints were safety and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included 2-year local control (LC), local regional control and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: All patients successfully completed CCRT and toripalimab treatment. Grade III and higher adverse events (AEs) were observed in 11 patients (11/22, 50%), and no patient experienced grade V AEs. The objective response rate (ORR) was 100%. At the data cutoff (June 30, 2023), the median follow-up was 31.8 months (9.5 to 37.8 months). The 2-year PFS rate was 81.8%. The 2-year LC and local regional control rates were both 95.5%, and the 2-year OS rate was 90.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Toripalimab combined with CCRT achieved good tolerance and showed promising anti-tumor effects in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.

Preoperative 3D Planning and Intraoperative Navigation in Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery for Complex Pheochromocytoma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of preoperative 3D planning and intraoperative navigation in robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery for complex pheochromocytoma. STUDY DESIGN: Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, from July 2022 to July 2023. METHODOLOGY: Sixty patients with complex pheochromocytoma were divided into the study group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30) according to the treatment method. The study group was treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery, with preoperative 3D printing-based planning, and intraoperative 3D navigation, and the control group underwent conventional retroperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. Surgical-related indicators and intraoperative and postoperative complication rates between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The operation time, postoperative hospital stay, and drainage tube retention time in the study group were significantly shorter than in the control group (p <0.001), and the intraoperative blood loss in the study group was significantly less than in the control group (p <0.001). The study group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of intraoperative haemodynamic instability (HI), use of vasoactive drugs, and postoperative ICU transfer rate than the control group (p <0.05). The incidence of surgical complications in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.04). The non-recurrence rate in the study and control groups after 1-year follow-up was 96.7% and 90%, respectively (χ2 = 2.77, p = 0.10). CONCLUSION: Robot-assisted surgery, performed through renal surface, has the advantages of less bleeding, shorter surgical time, faster recovery, fewer complications related to chromaffin cell inflammation and postoperative complications, and is safe and effective in treating complex pheochromocytoma. KEY WORDS: 3D planning and navigation, Robot-assisted surgery, Complex pheochromocytoma.

Seasonal stability of the rumen microbiome contributes to the adaptation patterns to extreme environmental conditions in grazing yak and cattle.

BACKGROUND: The rumen microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining ruminants' growth and performance even under extreme environmental conditions, however, which factors influence rumen microbiome stability when ruminants are reared in such habitats throughout the year is unclear. Hence, the rumen microbiome of yak (less domesticated) and cattle (domesticated) reared on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau through the year were assessed to evaluate temporal changes in their composition, function, and stability. RESULTS: Rumen fermentation characteristics and pH significantly shifted across seasons in both cattle and yak, but the patterns differed between the two ruminant species. Ruminal enzyme activity varied with season, and production of xylanase and cellulase was greater in yak compared to cattle in both fall and winter. The rumen bacterial community varied with season in both yak and cattle, with higher alpha diversity and similarity (beta diversity) in yak than cattle. The diversity indices of eukaryotic community did not change with season in both ruminant species, but higher similarity was observed in yak. In addition, the similarity of rumen microbiome functional community was higher in yak than cattle across seasons. Moreover, yak rumen microbiome encoded more genes (GH2 and GH3) related to cellulose and hemicellulose degradation compared to cattle, and a new enzyme family (GH160) gene involved in oligosaccharides was uniquely detected in yak rumen. The season affected microbiome attenuation and buffering values (stability), with higher buffering value in yak rumen microbiome than cattle. Positive correlations between antimicrobial resistance gene (dfrF) and CAZyme family (GH113) and microbiome stability were identified in yak, but such relationship was negatively correlated in cattle. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the potential of cellulose degradation, the relationship between rumen microbial stability and the abundance of functional genes varied differently across seasons and between yak and cattle provide insight into the mechanisms that may underpin their divergent adaptation patterns to the harsh climate of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. These results lay a solid foundation for developing strategies to maintain and improve rumen microbiome stability and dig out the potential candidates for manufacturing lignocellulolytic enzymes in the yak rumen to enhance ruminants' performance under extreme environmental conditions.

In utero and childhood exposure to the great Chinese famine and risk of aging in adulthood.

Background Early-life exposure to famine may influence the occurrence of chronic diseases and aging in midlife among those exposed. This study aims to explore the relationship between exposure to the Chinese Great Famine and aging in middle-aged individuals. Methods Participants born in 1963-1965 (unexposed), 1959-1961 (in utero exposure), and 1955-1957 (childhood exposure) from the Kailuan Study were included. Their biological age at 2010, 2014, and 2018 was investigated, and age acceleration (biological age minus actual age) was calculated to assess aging. Logistic regression analysis was employed to describe the relationship between famine exposure and the aging risk. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were conducted to explore differences and stability in this relationship among different groups. Results A total of 17,543 participants were included in this study. Among them, 12,762 (72.7%) were male, and 4,781 (27.3%) were female, with 2,543 participants experiencing aging events. Compared to unexposed participants, those exposed during childhood and in utero exhibited a 1.69-fold (OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.53-1.87) and 1.22-fold (OR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.08-1.37) increased risk of aging. Subgroup analysis revealed an interaction with income (P for interaction = 0.008), and additional interaction analysis suggested that increasing income could partially mitigate the detrimental effects of early-life famine exposure. Furthermore, experiencing famine in severely affected regions exacerbated the risk of aging (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.21-1.63). Conclusion Exposure to famine in utero or during childhood may elevate the risk of midlife aging among exposed individuals, and these relationships are influenced by the severity of famine exposure. Increasing income may also help mitigate these effects.Trial registration: Kailuan study, ChiCTRTNRC11001489. Registered July 19, 2015 Retrospectively registered, https//www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=8050&u_atoken=af46a0dee8d73f320bb5459ab7bbcfa9&u_asig=1a0c381017255295896468605e00cf .

The α3ß4 nAChR tissue distribution identified by fluorescent α-conotoxin [D11A]LvIA.

α3ß4, a vital subtype of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), is widely distributed in the brain, ganglia, and adrenal glands, associated with addiction and neurological diseases. However, the lack of specific imaging tools for α3ß4 nAChRs has hindered the investigation of their tissue distribution and functions. [D11A]LvIA, a peptide derived from marine cone snails, demonstrates high affinity and potency for α3ß4 nAChRs, making it a valuable pharmacological tool for studying this receptor subtype. In this study, three fluorescent conjugates of [D11A]LvIA were synthesized using 6-TAMRA-SE (R), Cy3-NHS-ester (Cy3), and BODIPY-FL NHS ester (BDP) dyes. The electrophysiological activities were assessed in Xenopus laevis oocytes by two-electrodes voltage clamp (TEVC). [D11A]LvIA-Cy3 and [D11A]LvIA-BDP show improved selectivity and affinity, with IC50 values of 512.70 nM and 343.50 nM, respectively, and [D11A]LvIA-Cy3 exhibits better stability in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Utilizing [D11A]LvIA-Cy3, we successfully visualized the distribution of α3ß4 nAChRs in rat trigeminal ganglia, retina, adrenal glands, and various brain regions. This novel fluorescent peptide provides a significant pharmacological tool for the exploration and visualization in-situ distribution of α3ß4 nAChRs in different tissues and also assists in clarifying the function.

Suppression of neuronal AMPKß2 isoform impairs recognition memory and synaptic plasticity.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an αßγ heterotrimer protein kinase that functions as a molecular sensor to maintain energy homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests a role of AMPK signaling in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and cognitive function; however, isoform-specific roles of AMPK in the central nervous system (CNS) remain elusive. Regulation of the AMPK activities has focused on the manipulation of the α or γ subunit. Meanwhile, accumulating evidence indicates that the ß subunit is critical for sensing nutrients such as fatty acids and glycogen to control AMPK activity. Here, we generated transgenic mice with conditional suppression of either AMPKß1 or ß2 in neurons and characterized potential isoform-specific roles of AMPKß in cognitive function and underlying mechanisms. We found that AMPKß2 (but not ß1) suppression resulted in impaired recognition memory, reduced hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and altered structure of hippocampal postsynaptic densities and dendritic spines. Our study implicates a role for the AMPKß2 isoform in the regulation of synaptic and cognitive function.

Characterization of Apathy-Like Behaviors in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome.

Background: Apathy is a state of decreased interest, lack of initiative, reduced goal-directed activity and blunted emotional responses. Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is also relatively omnipresent in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Little is known about the apathy-like behaviors in rodent models of AD and DS. Objective: This study aimed to characterize apathy-like behaviors with aging in two established DS mouse models: Ts65Dn and Dp16. Methods: A battery of behavioral tests including nestlet shredding, marble burying, nest building, and burrowing were performed to examine apathy-like behaviors. Individual z-scores for each mouse for each test, and a composite z-score of apathy-like behavior were analyzed for all mice from these behavioral tests. Results: Analysis of individual test results and composite z-score revealed significant apathy-like behaviors in Ts65Dn mice compared to WT controls. In contrast, Dp16 mice did not exhibit significant apathy-like behaviors. Conclusions: Our study is the first to characterize apathy-like behaviors in mouse models of DS with aging and highlights the difference between Ts65Dn and Dp16 DS model mice regarding apathy-like manifestations with aging.

Effects of protein grass hay as alternative feed resource on lamb's fattening performance and meat quality.

Protein grass hay (PGH) was used as a new feed source for lambs to study its effect on fattening performance and meat quality. Fifty-six male lambs were allotted to four experimental groups and fed for eight weeks either alfalfa hay (AH)-based diet (control) or diets in which AH was replaced with 33 %, 66 %, or 99 % PGH. The inclusion of PGH did not affect final body weight, dry matter intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, or carcass weight. Moreover, substituting AH with PGH at any level did not influence the ruminal fermentation or serum biochemical parameters, meat color, water holding capacity, shear force, or amino acid profile. However, relative liver weight was increased with 66 % substitutions. Furthermore, replacing 99 % AH with PGH decreased the meat's pH at 24 h. Higher levels of C18:3n-3, C20:5n-3, and total n-3 PUFA and a lower ratio of n-6: n-3 PUFA were also observed in meat from lambs fed PGH at 99 %. These findings suggest that PGH could be incorporated into the lamb's diet up to 99 % without compromising fattening performance and body health while improving their meat n-3 PUFA deposition.

IL13RA2 promotes progression of infantile haemangioma by activating glycolysis and the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Interleukin 13 receptor subunit alpha 2 (IL13RA2) plays an essential role in the progression of many cancers. However, the role of IL13RA2 in infantile haemangioma (IH) is still unknown. Materials and Methods: IL13RA2 expression in IH tissues was analyzed using western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. The role of IL13RA2 in haemangioma-derived endothelial cells (HemECs) was determined following knockdown or overexpression of IL13RA2 using CCK-8, colony formation, apoptosis, wound healing, tubule formation, Transwell, and western blot. Results: IL13RA2 expression was upregulated in IH tissues. IL13RA2 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of HemECs and induced glycolysis, which was confirmed with a glycolysis inhibitor. Specifically, IL13RA2 interacted with ß-catenin and activated the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway in HemECs, which were involved in the above-mentioned effects of IL13RA2. Conclusions: These findings revealed that targeting IL13RA2 is a potential therapeutic approach for IH.

Risk Factors for Loss to Follow-up of Elderly Patients After Hip Fracture Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Non-attendance with scheduled postoperative follow-up visits remains a common issue in orthopaedic clinical research. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with loss to follow-up among elderly patients with hip-fracture postoperatively. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1-year post-surgery was performed on patients aged over 60 years who underwent hip-fracture surgery from January 2017 to March 2019. Based on their completion of the appointed follow-up schedule, the patients were classified into 2 groups: the Loss to Follow-up (LTFU) Group and the Follow-up (FU) Group. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Functional Recovery Score (FRS) questionnaires. Telephone interviews were conducted with patients lost to follow-up to determine the reasons for non-attendance. A comparative analysis of baseline characteristics between the 2 groups was implemented, with further exploration of statistical differences through logistic regression. Results: A total of 992 patients met the inclusion criteria were included in this study, of which 189 patients, accounting for 19.1%, were lost to follow-up 1 year postoperatively. The mean age of the patients in the LTFU Group was 82.0 years, significantly higher than the 76.0 years observed in the FU Group (P < 0.001). The FRS for the LTFU Group was marginally higher than that of the FU group (84.0 vs 81.0), with no significant difference (P = 0.060). Logistic regression analysis identified several significant predictors of noncompliance, including advanced age at surgery, femoral neck fracture, hip arthroplasty, long distance from residence to hospital, and the reliance on urban-rural public transportation for reaching the hospital. Conclusion: Postoperative follow-up loss was prevalent among elderly patients with hip fractures. Our study indicated a constellation of risk factors contributing to noncompliance, including advanced age, transportation difficulties, long travel distance, femoral neck fracture and hip arthroplasty surgery.

The association between depressive trajectories and disability-free survival among middle-aged and older adults in China: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to examine the association of depressive trajectories with disability-free-survival (DFS). METHODS: This prospective cohort study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 2011-2015. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale-10. Disability was assessed using activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs. Trajectories of depressive symptoms were identified and classified by latent mixture modelling. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between depressive trajectories and DFS. RESULTS: A total of 8373 participants aged 45 years and older were included. We identified four distinct trajectories of depressive symptoms: 'no depressive symptoms', 'decreasing depressive symptoms', 'increasing depressive symptoms', and 'persistent depressive symptoms'. Compared to participants in the no depressive symptom trajectory, those in the decreasing depressive symptoms, increasing depressive symptoms and persistent depressive symptoms trajectories had an increased risk of disability or mortality, with multiple-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.75 (1.45-2.12), 2.05 (1.77-2.38) and 3.50 (2.77-4.42). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that among middle-aged and older Chinese adults, individuals with a trajectory of depressive symptoms are at increased risk of disability or mortality. Our findings underscore the importance of early prevention, identification and intervention of depression in clinical care to promote healthy ageing.

miR-155 induces sepsis-associated damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier via sirtuin 1/nuclear factor-κB-mediated intestinal pyroptosis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening state of organ dysfunction caused by systemic inflammation and a dysfunctional response to host infections that can induce severe intestinal mucosal damage. Pyroptosis is mediated by the activated NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome after stimulation by various inflammatory factors during sepsis. The inflammatory response is a major driver of intestinal damage during sepsis. Intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in sepsis is associated with pyroptosis, a type of programmed inflammatory cell death. Several studies have confirmed the role of miR-155 in sepsis and other diseases. However, the effect of miR-155 on intestinal pyroptosis in the context of intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction during sepsis remains unclear. Thus, a model of sepsis in Sprague-Dawley rats is established using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and a series of molecular biological methods are used in this study. The results show that the expression of miR-155 is increased and that of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is decreased in the intestinal tissues of patients with sepsis. miR-155 expression is negatively correlated with SIRT1 expression. Increased miR-155 expression significantly inhibits SIRT1 activity and upregulates the expressions of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) to promote pyroptosis. The inhibition of miR-155 expression is associated with increased SIRT1 expression, promotes the deacetylation of p65, and significantly downregulates p65 acetylation. Herein, we propose that miR-155 induces pyroptosis in the intestine partly by regulating SIRT1, thereby reducing the deacetylation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB subunit p65 and increasing NF-κB signaling activity in sepsis, leading to intestinal barrier damage.

AIBP promotes cell proliferation and migration through the ERK1/2-MAPK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: As a highly aggressive cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often found at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. Therefore, in addition to the surgical treatment of HCC, the drug therapy for HCC is still under continuous exploration. The primary apolipoprotein of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) is apolipoprotein A-I binding protein (AIBP), which has a significant impact on cholesterol metabolism, angiogenesis, and a wide range of inflammatory disorders, including cancer. The AIBP function in HCC is, however, yet unknown. This study aims to reveal the underlying mechanisms of AIBP influencing HCC proliferation and migration through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Methods: AIBP expression and its clinical prognostic association were investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. The AIBP expression was studied in human HCC tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting. Colony formation assays (CFAs) and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) were used to determine in vitro cell proliferation. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated using wound-healing and transwell assays. A xenograft tumor model was employed to investigate HCC cell proliferation in nude mice. Results: Tissues from HCC patients had much increased AIBP expression compared to nearby normal tissues. The prognosis for patients was bleak when AIBP expression was high. When AIBP was overexpressed in SMMC-7721 cells, the cells may become more proliferative, migrative, and invasive. In contrast, the HCC-LM3 cells' ability to proliferate, migrate, and invade was drastically decreased once AIBP was knocked down in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo research showed that AIBP overexpression may enhance cell proliferation in HCC. Finally, we discovered that AIBP could control the MAPK signaling pathway-involved genes expression, including P-MEK, MEK, c-Myc, P-ERK1/2, and ERK1/2, and that GDC-0994, a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor, could suppress the AIBP overexpression induced cell migration and proliferation abilities. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway might be stimulated by AIBP in HCC tissues, leading to increased cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. It was hypothesized that AIBP might act as a useful prognostic and diagnostic marker for HCC.

Quantitative analysis and characterization of floral volatiles, and the role of active compounds on the behavior of Heortia vitessoides.

This study explores the role of floral volatile organic compounds (FVOCs) in insect behavior, focusing on Aquilaria sinensis (AS), a valuable tropical plant threatened by Heortia vitessoides Moore. Despite H. vitessoides' attraction to AS and non-host plants like Elaeocarpus decipiens (ED) and Dalbergia odorifera (DO), little is known about their chemical interactions. FVOCs from these plants were analyzed at 9:00 and 18:00 using GC×GC-QTOF-MS and HS-SPME. The results showed that ED exhibiting the highest concentration (92.340 ng/mg), followed by DO (75.167 ng/mg) and AS (64.450 ng/mg). Through GC-EAD and EAG, a total of 11 FVOC compounds with electrophysiological activates were identified. These compounds, except linalool, showed dose-dependent responses. Y-Tube bioassays confirmed phenylethyl alcohol or the mixture of EAD-active compounds produced positive chemotactic responses in both males and females. FVOCs have the potential to be used as a natural and sustainable alternative to chemical insecticides in pest control.