Assessing the role of prognostic nutritional index in predicting outcomes for rectal cancer surgery.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The association of Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) with prognosis has been established for various cancer types, including rectal cancer. However, the precise relationship between PNI and body composition characteristics in patients with non-metastatic rectal cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of PNI on overall survival and disease-free survival in non-metastatic rectal cancer patients undergoing total surgical resection. Additionally, it sought to assess the inflammatory status and body composition in patients across different PNI levels. METHODS: Patients with non-metastatic rectal cancer who underwent total surgical resection, were consecutively enrolled. PNI was calculated using the formula: PNI = (10 × serum albumin [g/dl]) + (0.005 × lymphocytes/µL). Body composition was assessed using CT-derived measurements and laboratory tests performed at diagnosis were used to calculate inflammatory indices. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses as well as Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine prognostic values. RESULTS: A total of 298 patients were included. Patients with low PNI demonstrated significantly reduced overall survival and disease-free survival compared to those with high PNI (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.85; Confidence interval [CI] 1.30-2 0.62; p = 0.001). Moreover, patients with low PNI exhibited heightened systemic inflammatory status and reduced skeletal muscle index, increased muscle radiodensity, as well as a decrease in subcutaneous adipose tissue area, subcutaneous fat index, and low attenuation of both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. CONCLUSION: The PNI, assessed prior to treatment initiation, serves as a prognostic biomarker for non-metastatic rectal cancer patients undergoing total surgical resection and is linked with both inflammation and alterations in body composition.

The budget impact of implementing atrial fibrillation-screening in European countries.

A budget impact analysis estimates the short-term difference between the cost of the current treatment strategy and a new treatment strategy, in this case to implement population screening for atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study is to estimate the financial impact of implementing population-based AF-screening of 75-year-olds compared with the current setting of no screening from a healthcare payer perspective in eight European countries. The net budget impact of AF-screening was estimated in country-specific settings for Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Serbia, Spain, and Sweden. Country-specific parameters were used to allow for variations in healthcare systems and to reflect the healthcare sector in the country of interest. Similar results can be seen in all countries AF-screening incurs savings of stroke-related costs since AF treatment reduces the number of strokes. However, the increased number of detected AF and higher drug acquisition will increase the drug costs as well as the costs of physician- and control visits. The net budget impact per invited varied from €10 in Ireland to €122 in the Netherlands. The results showed the increased costs of implementing AF-screening were mainly driven by increased drug costs and screening costs. In conclusion, across Europe, though the initial cost of screening and more frequent use of oral anti-coagulants will increase the healthcare payers' costs, introducing population screening for AF will result in savings of stroke-related costs.

Glycated hemoglobin, type 2 diabetes, and poor diabetes control are positively associated with impulsivity changes in aged individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Impulsivity has been proposed to have an impact on glycemic dysregulation. However, it remains uncertain whether an unfavorable glycemic status could also contribute to an increase in impulsivity levels. This study aims to analyze associations of baseline and time-varying glycemic status with 3-year time-varying impulsivity in older adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease. A 3-year prospective cohort design was conducted within the PREDIMED-Plus-Cognition substudy. The total population includes 487 participants (mean age = 65.2 years; female = 50.5%) with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and type 2 diabetes control were evaluated. Impulsivity was measured using the Impulsive Behavior Scale questionnaire and various cognitive measurements. Impulsivity z-scores were generated to obtain Global, Trait, and Behavioral Impulsivity domains. Linear mixed models were used to study the longitudinal associations across baseline, 1-year, and 3-year follow-up visits. HOMA-IR was not significantly related to impulsivity. Participants with higher HbA1c levels, type 2 diabetes, and poor control of diabetes showed positive associations with the Global Impulsivity domain over time, and those with higher HbA1c levels were further related to increases in the Trait and Behavioral Impulsivity domains over the follow-up visits. These results suggest a potential positive feedback loop between impulsivity and glycemic-related dysregulation.

COVID-19 and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults with High-Cardiovascular Risk: A Post Hoc Analysis.

Cognitive decline has been reported as a short-term sequela in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Whether COVID-19 is associated with late cognitive impairment in older free-living individuals with high cardiovascular risk, a group at greater risk of cognitive decline, is unknown. We determined this association of COVID-19 through a longitudinal evaluation of post-COVID-19 cognitive performance and impairment as post hoc analysis in 5,179 older adults (48% female) with mean (SD) age 68.5 (5.0) years, body mass index 31.7 (3.7) kg/m2, harboring ≥ 3 criteria for metabolic syndrome (e.g., hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia etc.) enrolled in PREDIMED-Plus trial. Pre- and post-COVID-19 cognitive performance was ascertained from scheduled assessments conducted using a battery of neuropsychological tests, including 5 domains: Global Cognitive Function, General Cognitive Function, Execution Function, Verbal Fluency and Attention domains, which were standardized for the cohort. Cognitive impairment was defined as the bottom 10 percentile of the sample. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models assessed the association of COVID-19 with cognitive decline and impairment, respectively. After a mean 50-week follow-up, no significant associations were observed between COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 scores of all tapped neuropsychological domains, except Global Cognitive Function (GCF). When fully adjusted, COVID-19 was marginally associated with higher (better) post-pandemic GCF score (ßadj (95% CI): 0.06 (0.00, 0.13) p=.05). However, the odds for post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment in GCF domain were not associated with the disease (ORadj (95% CI): 0.90 (0.53, 1.51) p=.68). In the PREDIMED-Plus cohort, COVID-19 status and cognitive impairment determined 50 weeks post-infection showed no association in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. This suggests that cognitive changes observed shortly after COVID-19 revert over time. However, cautious interpretation is warranted as these data were obtained within the framework of a clinical trial encouraging a healthy lifestyle.

Confronting the challenge: a regional perspective by the Latin American pediatric infectious diseases society (SLIPE) expert group on respiratory syncytial virus-tackling the burden of disease and implementing preventive solutions.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory infections in children around the world. The post-pandemic era has resulted in a notable increase in reported cases of RSV infections, co-circulation of other respiratory viruses, shifts in epidemiology, altered respiratory season timing, and increased healthcare demand. Low- and middle-income countries are responsible for the highest burden of RSV disease, contributing significantly to health expenses during respiratory seasons and RSV-associated mortality in children. Until recently, supportive measures were the only intervention to treat or prevent RSV-infection, since preventive strategies like palivizumab are limited for high-risk populations. Advances in new available strategies, such as long-acting monoclonal antibodies during the neonatal period and vaccination of pregnant women, are now a reality. As the Regional Expert Group of the Latin American Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (SLIPE), we sought to evaluate the burden of RSV infection in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region, analyze current strategies to prevent RSV infection in children, and provide recommendations for implementing new strategies for preventing RSV infection in children in LAC region.

Trait impulsivity is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes incidence in adults over 8 years of follow-up: results from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent and preventable diseases worldwide and impulsivity, a psychological trait characterized by making quick decisions without forethought, has been suggested as a key feature for health-related conditions. However, there have been no studies examining the relationships between impulsivity and the incidence of type 2 diabetes and our aim was to assess the prospective association between trait impulsivity and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. METHODS: A prospective observational study design was conducted between May 2014 and February 2023 within the NutriNet-Santé cohort. A web-based platform was used to collect data from the French adult population, with voluntary enrollment and participation. Of the 157,591 adults (≥ 18 years old) participating in the NutriNet-Santé study when impulsivity was assessed, 109,214 participants were excluded due to prevalent type 1 or 2 diabetes or missing data for impulsivity or follow-up data for type 2 diabetes. Trait impulsivity, and the attention, motor, and non-planning subfactors, were assessed at baseline using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11. Incident type 2 diabetes was ascertained through follow-up. Medical information was reviewed by NutriNet-Santé physician experts to ascertain incident diabetes cases based on the ICD-10. Cox regression models, using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (HR [95% CI]), were performed to evaluate associations between impulsivity per 1 standard deviation increment and type 2 diabetes risk, adjusting by recognized confounders. RESULTS: Of the 48,377 individuals studied (women 77.6%; age at baseline = 50.6 year ± 14.5 years), 556 individuals developed type 2 diabetes over a median follow-up of 7.78 (IQR: 3.97-8.49) years. Baseline impulsivity was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes incidence (HR = 1.10 [1.02, 1.20]). The motor impulsivity subfactor was positively associated with type 2 diabetes risk (HR = 1.14 [1.04, 1.24]), whereas no associations were found for attention and non-planning impulsivity subfactors. CONCLUSIONS: Trait impulsivity was associated with an increased type 2 diabetes risk, mainly driven by the motor impulsivity subfactor. If these results are replicated in other populations and settings, trait impulsivity may become an important psychological risk factor to be considered in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. COHORT REGISTRATION: Name of registry: The NutriNet-Santé Study. A Web-based Prospective Cohort Study of the Relationship Between Nutrition and Health and of Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Status Predictors. Cohort registration number: NCT03335644. Date of registration: October 11, 2017. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03335644.

Economic utility of Colombian Romosinuano cattle.

The objective of this study was to quantify the economic utility in Romosinuano production systems by developing a bioeconomic model assumed cow-calf, cow-calf plus stocker (CCPS), and complete cycle operations. Each system produced males for sale and females for replacement. Input parameters were established from breed data collected by AGROSAVIA. Revenues were estimated using the official cattle price, and production costs were quantified per activity. In the results, for cow-calf operations, the maximum economic utility was 244.12 USD. CCPS, yielded 231.86 USD, and Complete cycle, 268.94 USD. The genetic progress per generation for W240, W480, W24 and CI was + 3.8 kg, + 5 kg, + 5.9 kg, and -1 d, respectively. The price of livestock was the sensitized variable with the greatest impact on maximum economic utility (± 118.64 USD to ± 155.44 USD), followed by mineral supplementation (16.31 USD to ± 37.34 USD). The sensitized variables with the lowest impact were food (± 1.62 USD to ± 1.8 USD) and health plan supplies (± 6.03 USD to ± 9.13 USD). It is concluded that economic utility defined as a composite trait influenced by the characteristics that shape it favors genetic progress and the identification of animals with optimal performance in different bovine production systems.

Increased hepatic putrescine levels as a new potential factor related to the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver condition that often progresses to more advanced stages, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). MASH is characterized by inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning, in addition to hepatic steatosis. Despite the relatively high incidence of MASH in the population and its potential detrimental effects on human health, this liver disease is still not fully understood from a pathophysiological perspective. Deregulation of polyamine levels has been detected in various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, and cancer. However, the role of the polyamine pathway in chronic liver disorders such as MASLD has not been explored. In this study, we measured the expression of liver ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1), the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the production of putrescine, and the hepatic levels of putrescine, in a preclinical model of MASH as well as in liver biopsies of patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Our findings reveal that expression of ODC1 and the levels of putrescine, but not spermidine nor spermine, are elevated in hepatic tissue of both diet-induced MASH mice and patients with biopsy-proven MASH compared with control mice and patients without MASH, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the levels of putrescine were positively associated with higher aspartate aminotransferase concentrations in serum and an increased SAF score (steatosis, activity, fibrosis). Additionally, in in vitro assays using human HepG2 cells, we demonstrate that elevated levels of putrescine exacerbate the cellular response to palmitic acid, leading to decreased cell viability and increased release of CK-18. Our results support an association between the expression of ODC1 and the progression of MASLD, which could have translational relevance in understanding the onset of this disease. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Diagnostic Accuracy of a Graded Gait and Truncal Instability Rating in Acutely Dizzy and Ataxic Patients.

BACKGROUND: In patients presenting with acute prolonged vertigo and/or gait imbalance, the HINTS [Head-Impulse, Nystagmus, Test-of-Skew] are very valuable. However, their application may be limited by lack of training and absence of vertigo/nystagmus. Alternatively, a graded gait/truncal-instability (GTI, grade 0-3) rating may be applied. METHODS: We performed a systematic search (MEDLINE/Embase) to identify studies reporting on the diagnostic accuracy of bedside examinations in adults with acute vestibular syndrome. Diagnostic test properties were calculated for findings using a random-effects model. Results were stratified by GTI-rating used. RESULTS: We identified 6515 articles and included 18 studies (n = 1025 patients). Ischemic strokes (n = 665) and acute unilateral vestibulopathy (n = 306) were most frequent. Grade 2/3 GTI had moderate sensitivity (70.8% [95% confidence-interval (CI) = 59.3-82.3%]) and specificity (82.7 [71.6-93.8%]) for predicting a central cause, whereas grade 3 GTI had a lower sensitivity (44.0% [34.3-53.7%] and higher specificity (99.1% [98.0-100.0%]). In comparison, diagnostic accuracy of HINTS (sensitivity = 96.8% [94.8-98.8%]; specificity = 97.6% [95.3-99.9%]) was higher. When combining central nystagmus-patterns and grade 2/3 GTI, sensitivity was increased to 76.4% [71.3-81.6%] and specificity to 90.3% [84.3-96.3%], however, no random effects model could be used. Sensitivity was higher in studies using the GTI rating (grade 2/3) by Lee (2006) compared to the approach by Moon (2009) (73.8% [69.0-78.0%] vs. 57.4% [49.5-64.9%], p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In comparison to HINTS, the diagnostic accuracy of GTI is inferior. When combined with central nystagmus-patterns, diagnostic accuracy could be improved based on preliminary findings. GTI can be readily applied in the ED-setting and also in patients with acute imbalance syndrome.

A REVIEW TO HONOR THE HISTORICAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF PAULINE GROSS, ALDRED WARTHIN, AND HENRY LYNCH IN THE DESCRIPTION AND RECOGNITION OF INHERITANCE IN COLORECTAL CANCER.

The present manuscript aimed to review the historical development and most important contributions regarding Lynch Syndrome since its first description, more than a century ago. In 1895, a reputed pathologist from Michigan University, Dr. Aldred Scott Warthin, got intrigued by the family history of a local seamstress called Pauline Gross. According to her prevision, she would present an early death due to cancer, which actually happened (from the uterus). Historically, her family was designated "Family G", comprising a group recognized as the longest and most detailed cancer genealogy that has ever been studied. Warthin concluded that its members had genetic susceptibility for cancer, and they are, nowadays, considered the first reported Lynch Syndrome family. At that time, however, the medical cancer community was far less receptive to the association between heredity and cancer, despite the description of other families with similar heredograms. Unfortunately, this historical fact remained somewhat dormant until another investigator inaugurated a new era in the understanding of family cancer clusters. After reports and studies from this family and many others, the condition initially called Cancer Family Syndrome was changed to the eponym Lynch Syndrome. This was a recognition of the extensive and dedicated work developed by Dr. Henry Lynch in describing various characteristics of the disease, and his efforts to establish the correct recommendations for its diagnosis and treatment. Although the future announces there is still far to go for a complete understanding of Lynch Syndrome, the remarkable contributions of Pauline's intuition, Warthin's perseverance, and Lynch's work consistency must never be forgotten by those who already have or will still benefit from this knowledge.

Multinational evaluation of anthropometric age (AnthropoAge) as a measure of biological age in the USA, England, Mexico, Costa Rica, and China: a population-based longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVE: To validate AnthropoAge, a new metric of biological age (BA), for prediction of all-cause mortality and age-related outcomes and characterize population-specific aging patterns using multinational longitudinal cohorts. METHODS: We analyzed harmonized multinational data from the Gateway to Global Aging, including studies from the US, England, Mexico, Costa Rica, and China. We used body mass index and waist-to-height ratio to estimate AnthropoAge and AnthropoAgeAccel in participants aged 50-90 years old as proxies of BA and age acceleration, respectively. We compared the predictive capacity for all-cause mortality of AnthropoAge and chronological age (CA) using Cox models, described aging trends in all countries and explored the utility of longitudinal assessments of AnthropoAgeAccel to predict new-onset functional decline and age-related diseases using generalized estimating equations (GEE). FINDINGS: Using data from 55,628 participants, we found AnthropoAge (c-statistic 0.772) outperformed CA (0.76) for prediction of mortality independently of comorbidities, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and lifestyle; this result was replicated in most countries individually except for Mexico. Individuals with accelerated aging had a ~39% higher risk of death, and AnthropoAge also identified trends of faster biological aging per year. In longitudinal analyses, higher AnthropoAgeAccel values were independently predictive of self-reported health deterioration and new-onset deficits in basic/instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL), diabetes, hypertension, cancer, chronic lung disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. CONCLUSIONS: AnthropoAge is a robust and reproducible BA metric associated with age-related outcomes. Its implementation could facilitate modeling trends of biological aging acceleration in different populations, although recalibration may enhance its utility in underrepresented populations such as individuals from Latin America.

Explainable machine learning on baseline MRI predicts multiple sclerosis trajectory descriptors.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifaceted neurological condition characterized by challenges in timely diagnosis and personalized patient management. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to MS holds promises for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and predictive modeling. The objectives of this study are: 1) to propose new MS trajectory descriptors that could be employed in Machine Learning (ML) regressors and classifiers to predict patient evolution; 2) to explore the contribution of ML models in discerning MS trajectory descriptors using only baseline Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies. This study involved 446 MS patients who had a baseline MRI, at least two measurements of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and a 1-year follow-up. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) for model development and 2) for evaluation. Three descriptors: ß1, ß2, and EDSS(t), were related to baseline MRI parameters using regression and classification XGBoost models. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis enhanced model transparency by identifying influential features. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of AI in predicting MS progression using the proposed patient trajectories and baseline MRI scans, outperforming classic Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) methods. In conclusion, MS trajectory descriptors are crucial; incorporating AI analysis into MRI assessments presents promising opportunities to advance predictive capabilities. SHAP analysis enhances model interpretation, revealing feature importance for clinical decisions.

Nanotechnology in food packaging materials: role and application of nanoparticles.

Global concerns about food security, driven by rising demand, have prompted the exploration of nanotechnology as a solution to enhance food supply. This shift comes in response to the limitations of conventional technologies in meeting the ever-increasing demand for food products. Consequently, nanoparticles play a crucial role in enhancing food production, preservation, and extending shelf life by imparting exceptional properties to materials. Nanoparticles and nanostructures with attributes like expansive surface area and antimicrobial efficacy, are versatile in both traditional packaging and integration into biopolymer matrices. These distinctive qualities contribute to their extensive use in various food sector applications. Hence, this review explores the physicochemical properties, functions, and biological aspects of nanoparticles in the context of food packaging. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of nanoparticles with different biopolymers, alongside its different potential applications such as food shelf-life extenders, antimicrobial agents and as nanomaterials for developing smart packaging systems were summarily explored. While the ongoing exploration of this research area is evident, our review highlights the substantial potential of nanomaterials to emerge as a viable choice for food packaging if the challenges regarding toxicity are carefully and effectively modulated.

Ultrasound Therapy With High-Pressure Pulses Is Effective to Reduce the Effects of Collagenase-Induced Tendinopathy in Rat's Achilles Tendon.

OBJECTIVE: We propose an ultrasonic treatment for collagenase-induced tendinopathy in rat's Achilles tendon using pulses with a low number of cycles, high acoustic pressure and very low duty cycle. METHODS: Twenty rats were used to perform the experiment. Four experimental groups of calcaneal tendons were studied: control (n = 6), sham (n = 4), collagenase-induced tendinopathy (n = 8) and ultrasound-treated collagenase-induced tendinopathy (n = 8). Surgical intervention was performed to expose the tendons prior to collagenase injection. A 1 MHz ultrasonic tansducer with a focusing lens was used. Ultrasonic treatments were used with an average total treatment time of 2.5 min, 20-cycle pulses, pressure amplitude p = 7 MPa, and 0.02% duty cycle. Histopathology of the samples was performed to evaluate nuclear density, acute inflammation, and signs of neovascularization. Collagen (types I and III), elastic fibers, and glycosaminoglycans were also analyzed. RESULTS: No tendon involvement was found by the surgical process. Ultrasonic treatment is safe, as it does not affect healthy tendons. When collagenase infiltrated animals were treated with US, a clear predominance of type I collagen fibers and a similar collagen ratio profile to that observed in the control and sham groups was observed, with a higher density of elastic fibers compared to the control and sham groups and a significant increase in the density of glycosaminoglycans. CONCLUSION: The ultrasound treatment proposed reduces the effects of the artificial collagenase lesion to reach the basal level after 45 d.

Basketball technique action recognition using 3D convolutional neural networks.

This research investigates the recognition of basketball techniques actions through the implementation of three-dimensional (3D) Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), aiming to enhance the accurate and automated identification of various actions in basketball games. Initially, basketball action sequences are extracted from publicly available basketball action datasets, followed by data preprocessing, including image sampling, data augmentation, and label processing. Subsequently, a novel action recognition model is proposed, combining 3D convolutions and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to model temporal features and capture the spatiotemporal relationships and temporal information of actions. This facilitates the facilitating automatic learning of the spatiotemporal features associated with basketball actions. The model's performance and robustness are further improved through the adoption of optimization algorithms, such as adaptive learning rate adjustment and regularization. The efficacy of the proposed method is verified through experiments conducted on three publicly available basketball action datasets: NTURGB + D, Basketball-Action-Dataset, and B3D Dataset. The results indicate that this approach achieves outstanding performance in basketball technique action recognition tasks across different datasets compared to two common traditional methods. Specifically, when compared to the frame difference-based method, this model exhibits a significant accuracy improvement of 15.1%. When compared to the optical flow-based method, this model demonstrates a substantial accuracy improvement of 12.4%. Moreover, this method showcases strong robustness, accurately recognizing actions under diverse lighting conditions and scenes, achieving an average accuracy of 93.1%. The research demonstrates that the method reported here effectively captures the spatiotemporal relationships of basketball actions, thereby providing reliable technical assessment tools for basketball coaches and players.

Splenic abscess due to Salmonella enterica infection successfully treated with percutaneous drainage.

A 66-year-old female presented to our hospital with diffuse abdominal pain and diarrhea. An abdominal CT showed a splenic abscess of 9.9 x 6.1 x 6.5 cm. A conservative approach with US-guided percutaneous drainage and antibiotic treatment was performed successfully. Splenic abscess is a rare complication of Salmonella spp infection. In selected cases, percutaneous drainage can be performed safely with good efficacy.

A Novel Foodstuff Mixture Improves the Gut-Liver Axis in MASLD Mice and the Gut Microbiota in Overweight/Obese Patients.

Microbial community control is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of the gut-liver axis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, we show that supplementation with a mixture of Mexican foodstuffs (MexMix)-Opuntia ficus indica (nopal), Theobroma cacao (cocoa) and Acheta domesticus (crickets)-enriches several beneficial taxa in MASLD mice and overweight/obese humans. Thus, MexMix induces an important prebiotic effect. In mice, a restoration of intestinal health was observed due to the increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and intestinal crypt depth, Ocln and Cldn1 expression, and decreased Il6 and Tnfa expression. MexMix significantly reduced steatosis in the mice's liver and modified the expression of 1668 genes. By PCR, we corroborated a Tnfa and Pparg decrease, and a Cat and Sod increase. In addition, MexMix increased the hepatic NRF2 nuclear translocation and miRNA-34a, miRNA-103, and miRNA-33 decline. In overweight/obese humans, MexMix improved the body image satisfaction and reduced the fat intake. These findings indicate that this new food formulation has potential as a therapeutic approach to treat conditions associated with excessive consumption of fats and sugars.