Antifungal potential of multi-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: harnessing pyocyanin for candida growth inhibition.

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is notorious for its multidrug resistance and its involvement in hospital-acquired infections. In this study, 20 bacterial strains isolated from soil samples near the Hindan River in Ghaziabad, India, were investigated for their biochemical and morphological characteristics, with a focus on identifying strains with exceptional drug resistance and pyocyanin production. Methods: The isolated bacterial strains were subjected to biochemical and morphological analyses to characterize their properties, with a particular emphasis on exopolysaccharide production. Strain GZB16/CEES1, exhibiting remarkable drug resistance and pyocyanin production. Biochemical and molecular analyses, including sequencing of its 16S rRNA gene (accession number LN735036.1), plasmid-curing assays, and estimation of plasmid size, were conducted to elucidate its drug resistance mechanisms and further pyocynin based target the Candida albicans Strain GZB16/CEES1 demonstrated 100% resistance to various antibiotics used in the investigation, with plasmid-curing assays, suggesting plasmid-based resistance gene transmission. The plasmid in GZB16/CEES1 was estimated to be approximately 24 kb in size. The study focused on P. aeruginosa's pyocyanin production, revealing its association with anticandidal activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bacterial extract against Candida albicans was 50 µg/ml, with a slightly lower pyocyanin-based MIC of 38.5 µg/ml. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated direct interactions between P. aeruginosa strains and Candida albicans cells, leading to the destruction of the latter. Discussion: These findings underscore the potential of P. aeruginosa in understanding microbial interactions and developing strategies to combat fungal infections. The study highlights the importance of investigating bacterial-fungal interactions and the role of pyocyanin in antimicrobial activity. Further research in this area could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for combating multidrug-resistant infections.

Graphene@Curcumin-Copper Paintable Coatings for the Prevention of Nosocomial Microbial Infection.

The rise of antimicrobial resistance has brought into focus the urgent need for the next generation of antimicrobial coating. Specifically, the coating of suitable antimicrobial nanomaterials on contact surfaces seems to be an effective method for the disinfection/contact killing of microorganisms. In this study, the antimicrobial coatings of graphene@curcumin-copper (GN@CR-Cu) were prepared using a chemical synthesis methodology. Thus, the prepared GN@CR-Cu slurry was successfully coated on different contact surfaces, and subsequently, the GO in the composite was reduced to graphene (GN) by low-temperature heating/sunlight exposure. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the coated GN@CR-Cu for the coating properties, X-ray photon scattering were used for structural characterization and material confirmation. From the morphological analysis, it was seen that CR and Cu were uniformly distributed throughout the GN network. The nanocomposite coating showed antimicrobial properties by contact-killing mechanisms, which was confirmed by zone inhibition and scanning electron microscopy. The materials showed maximum antibacterial activity against E. coli (24 ± 0.50 mm) followed by P. aeruginosa (18 ± 0.25 mm) at 25 µg/mL spot inoculation on the solid media plate, and a similar trend was observed in the minimum inhibition concentration (80 µg/mL) and bactericidal concentration (160 µg/mL) in liquid media. The synthesized materials showed excellent activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. These materials, when coated on different contact surfaces such medical devices, might significantly reduce the risk of nosocomial infection.

Therapeutic Applications of Biogenic Silver Nanomaterial Synthesized from the Paper Flower of Bougainvillea glabra (Miami, Pink).

In this research, Bougainvillea glabra paper flower extract was used to quickly synthesize biogenic silver nanoparticles (BAgNPs) utilizing green chemistry. Using the flower extract as a biological reducing agent, silver nanoparticles were generated by the conversion of Ag+ cations to Ag0 ions. Data patterns obtained from physical techniques for characterizing BAgNPs, employing UV-visible, scattering electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), suggested that the nanoparticles have a spherical to oval form with size ranging from 10 to 50 nm. Spectroscopy and microscopic analysis were used to learn more about the antibacterial properties of the biologically produced BAgNPs from Bougainvillea glabra. Further, the potential mechanism of action of nanoparticles was investigated by studying their interactions in vitro with several bacterial strains and mammalian cancer cell systems. Finally, we can conclude that BAgNPs can be functionalized to dramatically inhibit bacterial growth and the growth of cancer cells in culture conditions, suggesting that biologically produced nanomaterials will provide new opportunities for a wide range of biomedical applications in the near future.

Biopolymeric Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/Calcium Alginate Aerogel for the Decontamination of Pharmaceutical Drug and Microbial Pollutants from Wastewater.

The ubiquitous presence of pharmaceutical drugs and microbes in the water is leading to the development of drug resistant microbes. Therefore, efficient materials that can remove or inactivate the drug and microbe contaminants are required. In this work, nickel sulfide/calcium alginate (Ni3S4/CA), silver sulfide/calcium alginate (Ag2S/CA), modified titanium dioxide/calcium alginate (TiO2/CA), and Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/calcium alginate (Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/CA) aerogels have been synthesized for the removal of the oxytetracycline (OTC) drug and microbial contaminants from real beverage industry wastewater. The results revealed that Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/CA aerogel is highly efficient for OTC adsorption and inactivation of microbes compared to Ni3S4/CA, Ag2S/CA and TiO2/CA aerogels. The OTC adsorption depends greatly on the solution pH, and optimum OTC removal was observed at pH 6 in its zwitterionic (OTC±) form. The formation of H-bonding and n-π electron donor-acceptors is possible to a considerable extent due to the presence of the double bond benzene ring, oxygen and nitrogen, sulfur-containing functional groups on the OTC molecules, and the Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/CA aerogel. Based on the statistical analysis, root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), chi square (χ2) values, and higher correlation coefficient (R2) values, the Redlich−Peterson isotherm model and Elovich kinetic model are most suited to modelling the OTC adsorption onto Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/CA. The prepared aerogels' excellent antimicrobial activity is observed in the dark and with solar light irradiation. The zone of inhibition analysis revealed that the antimicrobial activity of the aerogels is in the following order: Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/CA > TiO2/CA > Ag2S/CA > Ni3S4/CA, respectively. Moreover, the antimicrobial results demonstrated that reactive oxygen species, electrons, and active radical species are responsible for growth inhibition and killing of the microbes. These results indicated that Ni3S4/Ag2S/TiO2/CA aerogel is highly efficient in decontaminating pollutants from wastewater.

A promising antimicrobial bionanocomposite based poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) reinforced silver doped zinc oxide nanoparticles.

A bionanocomposite based on biosynthesized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and reinforced with silver@zinc oxide (Ag-ZnO) was synthesized in variable loadings of Ag-ZnO using the in-situ casting dissolution technique. The degradable biopolymer PHBV had been biosynthesized from date waste as a renewable carbon source. The fabricated products were investigated as promising antibacterial materials. The Ag-ZnO nanoparticles were also synthesized using the green method in the presence of Gum Arabic. The Ag-ZnO nanoparticles were loaded within the PHBV biopolymer backbone at concentration of 1%, 3%, 5% and 10%, PHBV/Ag-ZnO(1,3,5,10%). The chemical structure, morphology, physical and thermal properties of the PHBV/Ag-ZnO bionanocomposites were assessed via common characterization tools of FTIR, TGA, XRD, SEM and EDX. One step of the degradation process was observed in the range of 200-220 °C for all the obtained materials. The onset degradation temperature of the bionanocomposites have been noticeably increased with increasing the nanofiller loading percentage. In addition, fabricated products were investigated for their interesting antibacterial performance. A detailed biological screening for the obtained products was confirmed against some selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Overall, the bionanocomposite PHBV/Ag-ZnO(10%) was the most potent against both types of the selected bacteria. The order of bacterial growth inhibition on the surface of the fabricated bionanocomposites was detected as follows: PHBV/Ag-ZnO(10%) > PHBV/Ag-ZnO(5%) > PHBV/Ag-ZnO(3%) > PHBV/Ag-ZnO(1%).

Evidence of Metallic and Polyether Ionophores as Potent Therapeutic Drug Candidate in Cancer Management.

Cancer remains one of the most crucial human malignancies with a higher mortality rate globally, and is predicted to escalate soon. Dysregulated ion homeostasis in cancerous cells prompted the researchers to investigate further ion homeostasis impeding agents as potent anticancerous agents. Reutilization of FDA-approved non-cancerous drugs has emerged as a practical approach to developing potent, cost-effective drugs for cancer treatment. Across the globe, most nations are incapable of fulfilling the medical demands of cancer patients due to costlier cancerous drugs. Therefore, we have inclined our review towards emphasizing recent advancements in cancer therapies involving ionophores utilization in exploring potent anticancer drugs. Numerous research reports have established the significant anticancerous potential of ionophores in several pre-clinical reports via modulating aberrant cell signaling pathways and enhancing antitumor immunity in immune cells. This review has mainly summarized the most significant ion homeostasis impeding agents, including copper, zinc, calcium, and polyether, that presented remarkable potential in cancer therapeutics via enhanced antitumor immunity and apoptosis induction. Altogether, this study could provide a robust future perspective for developing cost-effective anticancerous drugs rapidly and cost-effectively, thereby combating the limitations of currently available drugs used in cancer treatment.

Revolutionization in Cancer Therapeutics via Targeting Major Immune Checkpoints PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4.

Numerous research reports have witnessed dramatic advancements in cancer therapeutic approaches through immunotherapy. Blocking immunological checkpoint pathways (mechanisms employed by malignant cells to disguise themselves as normal human body components) has emerged as a viable strategy for developing anticancer immunity. Through the development of effective immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in multiple carcinomas, advances in cancer immunity have expedited a major breakthrough in cancer therapy. Blocking a variety of ICIs, such as PD-1 (programmed cell death-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) has improved the immune system's efficacy in combating cancer cells. Recent studies also supported the fact that ICIs combined with other potent antitumor candidates, such as angiogenic agents, could be a solid promising chemopreventive therapeutic approach in improving the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Immune checkpoint blockade has aided antiangiogenesis by lowering vascular endothelial growth factor expression and alleviating hypoxia. Our review summarized recent advances and clinical improvements in immune checkpoint blocking tactics, including combinatorial treatment of immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers with ICIs, which may aid future researchers in creating more effective cancer-fighting strategies.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Conocarpus Lancifolius plant extract and their antimicrobial and anticancer activities.

Due to drug addiction and the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens, the disease load and medication intake have risen worldwide. The alternative treatment for drug-resistant infections is Nano formulation-based antimicrobial agents. The plant extract of Conocarpus Lancifolius fruits was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles in the current study, and it was further employed as an antimicrobial and anticancer agent. Nanoparticles have been characterized by UV-visible spectrometer revealed the notable peak of λmax = 410-442 nm, which confirms the reduction of silver ion to elemental silver nanoparticles, and the biological moieties in the synthesis were further confirmed by FTIR analysis. The stability and crystalline nature of materials were approved by XRD analysis and expected the size of the nanomaterials of 21 to 173 nm analyzed by a nanophox particle-size analyzer. In vitro, synthesized materials act as an antibacterial agent against Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition zones of 18 and 24 mm have been estimated to be antibacterial activity against both bacteria. The potency of up to 100% of AgNPs for bacterial strains was incubated overnight at 60 µg/ml. Based on our results, biogenic AgNPs reveal significant activity against fungal pathogen Rhizopusus stolonifera and Aspergillus flavus that cause leading infectious diseases. Additionally, nanomaterials were biocompatible and demonstrated the potential anticancer activities against MDA MB-231 cells after 24-hour exposure.

Rutin (Bioflavonoid) as Cell Signaling Pathway Modulator: Prospects in Treatment and Chemoprevention.

Cancer is a complex ailment orchestrated by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Recent research has displayed a deep interest in developing plant-based cancer therapeutics for better management of the disease and limited side effects. A wide range of plant-derived compounds have been reported for their anticancer potential in the quest of finding an effective therapeutic approach. Rutin (vitamin P) is a low-molecular weight flavonoid glycoside (polyphenolic compound), abundantly present in various vegetables, fruits (especially berries and citrus fruits), and medicinal herbs. Numerous studies have delineated several pharmacological properties of rutin such as its antiprotozoal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, antiallergic, vasoactive, cytoprotective, antispasmodic, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, and antiplatelet properties. Specifically, rutin-mediated anticancerous activities have been reported in several cancerous cell lines, but the most common scientific evidence, encompassing several molecular processes and interactions, including apoptosis pathway regulation, aberrant cell signaling pathways, and oncogenic genes, has not been thoroughly studied. In this direction, we attempted to project rutin-mediated oncogenic pathway regulation in various carcinomas. Additionally, we also incorporated advanced research that has uncovered the notable potential of rutin in the modulation of several key cellular functions via interaction with mRNAs, with major emphasis on elucidating direct miRNA targets of rutin as well as the process needed to transform these approaches for developing novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of several cancers.

A Novel Approach to Unraveling the Apoptotic Potential of Rutin (Bioflavonoid) via Targeting Jab1 in Cervical Cancer Cells.

Rutin has been well recognized for possessing numerous pharmacological and biological activities in several human cancer cells. This research has addressed the inhibitory potential of rutin against the Jab1 oncogene in SiHa cancer cells, which is known to inactivate various tumor suppressor proteins including p53 and p27. Further, the inhibitory efficacy of rutin via Jab1 expression modulation in cervical cancer has not been yet elucidated. Hence, we hypothesized that rutin could exhibit strong inhibitory efficacy against Jab1 and, thereby, induce significant growth arrest in SiHa cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In our study, the cytotoxic efficacy of rutin on the proliferation of a cervical cancer cell line (SiHa) was exhibited using MTT and LDH assays. The correlation between rutin and Jab1 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR analysis and the associated events (a mechanism) with this downregulation were then explored via performing ROS assay, DAPI analysis, and expression analysis of apoptosis-associated signaling molecules such as Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 and -9 using qRT-PCR analysis. Results exhibit that rutin produces anticancer effects via inducing modulation in the expression of oncogenes as well as tumor suppressor genes. Further apoptosis induction, caspase activation, and ROS generation in rutin-treated SiHa cancer cells explain the cascade of events associated with Jab1 downregulation in SiHa cancer cells. Additionally, apoptosis induction was further confirmed by the FITC-Annexin V/PI double staining method. Altogether, our research supports the feasibility of developing rutin as one of the potent drug candidates in cervical cancer management via targeting one such crucial oncogene associated with cervical cancer progression.

Comparing and Contrasting MERS, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2: Prevention, Transmission, Management, and Vaccine Development.

The COVID-19 pandemic is responsible for an unprecedented disruption to the healthcare systems and economies of countries around the world. Developing novel therapeutics and a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 requires an understanding of the similarities and differences between the various human coronaviruses with regards to their phylogenic relationships, transmission, and management. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that humans were first infected with SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 and the virus rapidly spread from the outbreak epicenter in Wuhan, China to various parts of the world. Multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 have now been identified in particular regions. It is apparent that MERS, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 present with several common symptoms including fever, cough, and dyspnea in mild cases, but can also progress to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Understanding the molecular steps leading to SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells and the viral replication cycle can illuminate crucial targets for testing several potential therapeutics. Genomic and structural details of SARS-CoV-2 and previous attempts to generate vaccines against SARS-CoV and MERS have provided vaccine targets to manage future outbreaks more effectively. The coordinated global response against this emerging infectious disease is unique and has helped address the need for urgent therapeutics and vaccines in a remarkably short time.

Correction: Oves M, et al. Graphene Decorated Zinc Oxide and Curcumin to Disinfect the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nanomaterials 2020, 10(5), 1004.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...].

Recent Advances in Metal Decorated Nanomaterials and Their Various Biological Applications: A Review.

Nanoparticles (nanoparticles) have received much attention in biological application because of their unique physicochemical properties. The metal- and metal oxide-supported nanomaterials have shown significant therapeutic effect in medical science. The mechanisms related to the interaction of nanoparticles with animal and plant cells can be used to establish its significant role and to improve their activity in health and medical applications. Various attempts have been made to discuss the antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial activity of metal-supported nanoparticles. Despite all these developments, there is still a need to investigate their performance to overcome modern challenges. In this regard, the present review examines the role of various types of metal-supported nanomaterials in different areas such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and so on. Based on the significant ongoing research and applications, it is expected that metal-supported nanomaterials play an outstanding role not only in medical but also in other important areas.

Graphene Decorated Zinc Oxide and Curcumin to Disinfect the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Sometimes, life-threatening infections are initiated by the biofilm formation facilitated at the infection site by the drug-resistant bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The aggregation of the same type of bacteria leads to biofilm formation on the delicate tissue, dental plaque, and skin. In the present investigation, a Graphene (Gr)-based nano-formulation containing Curcumin (C.C.M.) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) showed a wide range of anti-microbial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm and demonstrated the anti-microbial mechanism of action. The anti-microbial effect of GrZnO nanocomposites, i.e., GrZnO-NCs, suggests that the integrated graphene-based nanocomposites effectively suppressed both sensitive as well as MRSA ATCC 43300 and BAA-1708 isolates. The S. aureus inhibitory effect of GrZnO-NCs improved >5-fold when combined with C.C.M., and demonstrated a M.I.C. of 31.25 µg/mL contrasting with the GrZnO-NCs or C.C.M. alone having M.I.C. value of 125 µg/mL each. The combination treatment of GrZnO-NCs or C.C.M. inhibited the M.R.S.A. topical dermatitis infection in a mice model with a significant decrease in the CFU count to ~64%. Interestingly, the combination of C.C.M. and GrZnO-NCs damaged the bacterial cell wall structure, resulting in cytoplasm spillage, thereby diminishing their metabolism. Thus, owing to the ease of synthesis and highly efficient anti-microbial properties, the present graphene-based curcumin nano-formulations can cater to a new treatment methodology against M.R.S.A.

N-Trifluoroacetylated pyrazolines: Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies.

A series of N-trifluoroacetyl-2-pyrazolines have been synthesized via cyclization of chalcones in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and hydrazine as a base. The method used for the preparation of pyrazolines was found to be an efficient one as all of the compounds were obtained in good yield (up to 79%). Various spectroscopic techniques established the structures and additionally corroborated the compounds 2a and 2e by single crystal X-ray. Newly synthesized pyrazolines were investigated for their potential as antimicrobial agents. Compound 2a displayed promising antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, the mechanism of the antimicrobial activity of 2a was demonstrated with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed complete damage of the bacterial cell membrane, providing dead cell debris in the milieu. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) observed was 79 and 90 µM against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Hence, these compounds might be significantly useful in antimicrobial drug development.

Fatty acid synthesis by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in phosphorus limitation.

The importance of crucial nutrient factors like Phosphate (P) and their limited availability leads to variable fluctuations in fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis in the green alga. These fatty acids and phospholipids are an imperative byproduct of alga which used in biofuel production. The production of phospholipids in alga might be naturally enhanced by the optimized supplied by specific essential nutrient like Phosphate. In this study, green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was cultivated in phosphate stress condition to obtain maximum phospholipids. In the stress condition, the organism exhibited variable changes in chlorophyll, fatty acid, and phospholipid compositions. These parameters analyzed by biomass, X-ray, GC, and TLC. Remarkably, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated, and di-unsaturated fatty acids amounts, increases, while polyunsaturated fatty acids to decrease markedly. The maximum fatty acid content observed at 0.4 mgl-1 P content in growing media. A broad peak area of 56% of hexadecanoic acid (C 16:0) and followed by 28.8% linolenic (C18:3) was observed in GC analysis. These results indicate the essential fatty acid accumulation maximized at particular phosphate concentration in growing media. This necessary and essential fatty acid production from green algae in a sustainable manner is an inexpensive and excellent way for commercialization and biofuel production.

Antibacterial Silver Nanomaterial Synthesis From Mesoflavibacter zeaxanthinifaciens and Targeting Biofilm Formation.

Considering the significance of biological and eco-friendly nanomaterials, in the present study, we have synthesized silver nanoparticles from the exopolysaccharide of recently recovered bacterial strain CEES51 from the Red Sea coastal area of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the isolated bacteria, and it was identified as Mesoflavibacter zeaxanthinifaciens and assigned an accession number MH707257.1 GenBank. The bacterial strain is an excellent exopolysaccharide producer and survived at hypersaline (30%) and high-temperature (50°C) conditions. The bacterial exopolysaccharides were employed for the fabrication of silver nanoparticles at room temperature. UV-visible spectrophotometer optimized the synthesized nanoparticles, and their size was determined by Nanophox particle size analyzer and dynamic light scattering. Additionally, the X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy studies also approved its crystalline nature and the involvement of organic functional groups in their formation. The synthesized nanomaterials were tested for their antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against pathogenic microorganisms Bacillus subtilis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial property showed time, and dose-dependent response with a maximum of zone inhibition was observed at around 22 and 18 mm at a dose of 50 µg/well against B. subtilis and S. aureus and a minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 and 10 µg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the synthesized silver nanoparticles possessed a substantial antibiofilm property and were also found to be biocompatible as depicted by red blood cell lysis assay and their interaction with peripheral blood mononuclear cells and human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Therefore, Mesoflavibacter zeaxanthinifaciens is found to be an excellent source for exopolysaccharide synthesis that assists in the silver nanoparticle production.

Bougainvillea flower extract mediated zinc oxide's nanomaterials for antimicrobial and anticancer activity.

The zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnO-NMs), owing to their broad biomedical applications have lately attracted the incredible interest in the development of therapeutic agents against microbial infections. In this contribution, we have biosynthesized ZnO-NMs with a size of ˜ 40 nm from the Bougainvillea flower extracts. The FTIR and SEM-EDX mapping analysis confirmed the size, shape and biogenic origin of ZnO-NPs. Furthermore, the purified ZnO-NMs were applied for antibacterial studies against susceptible and resistant bacterial strains and to elucidate the possible mechanism of their activity. The XTT assay and confocal imaging confirmed the ZnO-NMs materials anti-biofilm activities against medically important pathogens, i.e., S. aureus and E. coli. Moreover, the absence of cytotoxicity against healthy kidney cells (HEK-293) and erythrocytes confirmed their biocompatible nature. Furthermore, the biosynthesized ZnO-NMs showed potent anticancer activity against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). These biosynthesized ZnO-NMs are having excellent antimicrobial and anticancer activities and are highly biocompatible due to biogenic nature. During antimicrobial study, Zno-NMs showed excellent minimum inhibitory concentration 16 µg concentration againt E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. While in anticancer activity, of ZnO-NMs with 15 µg/ml dose showed good response against MCF-7 cell line. Further, this killing was mechanically confirmed by ROS generation by the ZnO-NMs, which cause cell lysis by the peroxidation of membrane lipid. So, this biogenic ZnO-NMs can be used in the future for nanomaterial-based drug development.