Evaluation of the Spot Vision Screener in comparison with the orthoptic examination in visual screening in 3-5 year-old schoolchildren.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the Spot Vision Screener (SVS) compared with the orthoptic examination for detection of amblyopia risk factors in preschools. METHODS: This prospective study included children with a visual screening organized by the department of "le" (PMI) in Côte d'Or (Burgundy, France), between June 2017 and April 2018. All children were evaluated with the SVS followed by a clinical orthoptic examination. Results with the SVS were compared with those obtained by clinical orthoptic examination. RESULTS: A total of 1236 subjects were included in the study from 100 preschools. The mean age of the children was 3.6±0.7 years, and 627 were female (50.7%). The orthoptic examination detected 308 (24.9%) children with subnormal visual acuity for age in one eye or both. In children with a history of prematurity, the orthoptic examination was more frequently abnormal (P=0.002), which was not seen with the SVS (P=0.050). The SVS screened 20 (1.6%) children with strabismus, while 40 (3.2%) were detected by orthoptic examination. At the end of the screening, the SVS detected 182 (14.7%) suspect patients while 311 (25.1%) suspect patients were detected after the orthoptic examination. Comparing SVS with orthoptic examination, agreement was fair (κ=0.4). CONCLUSION: The SVS can be a useful device for visual screening, but agreement with the orthoptic examination was only fair. The Spot vision screener should be used in conjunction with a clinical orthoptic examination.

Visual outcomes and complications of congenital cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: To describe the visual results and postoperative complications of congenital cataract surgeries performed between 2005 and 2016. METHODS: A retrospective consecutive case series of congenital cataract surgeries was carried out at the Dijon University Hospital in France. Intraocular lens implantation was primary or secondary according to age. Pre- and post-operative assessment was performed through ophthalmologic consultations with orthoptic measurements. Visual function and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: Fifty-six consecutive procedures were evaluated in 37 infants. Overall, 26.8% of patients had unilateral cataracts, and 73.2% had bilateral cataracts. Median age at surgery was 1.0 years [IQR (interquartile range): 0.3-5.2] and 2.7 years [IQR: 0.4-9.5] for unilateral and bilateral cataracts, respectively. Median best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the last follow-up was 0.5logMAR [IQR: 0.2-0.8] and 0.1logMAR [IQR: 0.0-0.8] for the unilateral and bilateral group, respectively. Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was the primary postoperative complication: 60.0% in unilateral cataract and 46.3% in bilateral cataracts (P=0.019). Median follow-up was 2.0 years [IQR: 1.0-5.0]. CONCLUSION: Congenital cataract surgery appears to be safe and effective when combined with early, conscientious amblyopia treatment. Bilateral congenital cataracts had better visual outcome than unilateral cataract.

[Moyamoya disease: Diagnosis, clinical features, evolution and treatment in 10 patients]. / Maladie de Moyamoya : aspects diagnostiques, cliniques, évolutifs et thérapeutiques chez 10 patients.

INTRODUCTION: Moyamoya disease is a rare chronic cerebrovascular disease. The objective of this article is to report the different clinical and radiological presentations and describe treatments and clinical course of this disease. METHODS: We searched for patients with Moyamoya disease diagnosed at a French university hospital. The diagnosis was based on arteriographic records showing uni- or bilateral stenosis of distal intracranial internal carotid arteries or middle cerebral arteries associated with a classic collateral network imparting a puff of smoke aspect. Data about clinical and radiological symptoms were analyzed for all identified patients. RESULTS: Ten patients were recorded between 2009 and 2014 including one child and nine adults. The initial presentation was intracerebral hemorrhage in two patients, ischemic stroke in six, and either exercice-related transient ischemic attacks or syncope in two. Recurrent events were noted in four patients. Four patients had one or several recurrent vascular events. Eight patients were given medical treatment and none underwent surgery. Secondary Moyamoya syndrome was suspected in two patients, all the others one were considered idiopathic. CONCLUSION: Moyamoya disease is a rare but potentially severe illness. The initial presentation is more frequently an ischemic stroke; recurrences are frequent. The diagnosis is based on arteriography, which is also recommended to search for a cause.