Asunto(s)
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta , Angiografía Coronaria , Infarto del Miocardio , Recurrencia , Volumen Sistólico , Humanos , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administración & dosificación , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/efectos adversos , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/complicaciones , Volumen Sistólico/fisiología , Volumen Sistólico/efectos de los fármacos , Función Ventricular Izquierda/fisiología , Función Ventricular Izquierda/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de Tiempo , Prevención Secundaria/métodos , Factores de RiesgoAsunto(s)
Hígado Graso , Cirrosis Hepática , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/diagnóstico , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Hígado Graso/diagnóstico , Hígado Graso/patología , Biopsia/métodos , Hígado/patología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Enfermedades Metabólicas/diagnóstico , Placebos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a DrogaAsunto(s)
Aspirina , Clopidogrel , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria , Recurrencia , Prevención Secundaria , Humanos , Clopidogrel/administración & dosificación , Clopidogrel/efectos adversos , Clopidogrel/uso terapéutico , Aspirina/administración & dosificación , Aspirina/efectos adversos , Aspirina/uso terapéutico , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/prevención & control , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/prevención & control , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/uso terapéutico , Prevención Secundaria/métodos , Prevención Secundaria/normas , Factores de Tiempo , Quimioterapia Combinada , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Péptidos Similares al Glucagón , Infarto del Miocardio , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Adulto , Humanos , Índice de Masa Corporal , Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Infarto del Miocardio/tratamiento farmacológico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Identifying factors that influence the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer is an important public health initiative. Various sociodemographic factors, including race and ethnicity, may influence an individual's risk of developing lung cancer, as well as access to relevant diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. METHODS: Data from the 2006 Canadian long-form census were cross-linked with the Canadian Cancer Registry and hospital data to determine rates of lung cancer diagnosis among visible minorities and non-visible minorities in Canada, and to assess for differences in rates of hospital-based procedures pertaining to a lung cancer diagnosis based on visible-minority status. Individuals were allocated into six visible-minority categories, and separate results were generated nationally and across seven regions. Multivariate logistic regression controlled for relevant confounders. RESULTS: Rates of lung cancer were significantly lower among visible minorities versus non-visible minorities (329 versus 1108 cases per 100 000). This result is consistent across all visible-minority subgroups. Among those with a diagnosis of lung cancer, procedure rates were higher for all visible minorities nationally (53.4% [95% CI 53.2-53.6]). Multivariable analysis demonstrated higher procedure rates in general for visible minorities with a lung cancer diagnosis compared to non-visible minorities (OR 1.158 95% CI 1.053-1.273). INTERPRETATION: In Canada, visible minorities experience lower rates of lung cancer diagnosis than non-visible minorities. Among those with a lung cancer diagnosis, we did not identify any negative disparities in rates of relevant diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, based on visible-minority status.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Canadá/epidemiología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiología , Etnicidad , Grupos Minoritarios , Modelos LogísticosAsunto(s)
Amicacina , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador , Humanos , Amicacina/uso terapéutico , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador/epidemiología , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador/prevención & control , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador/tratamiento farmacológico , Respiración Artificial/efectos adversos , Incidencia , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Unidades de Cuidados IntensivosAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Humanos , Riñón , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/epidemiología , Compuestos de Bencidrilo/efectos adversos , Glucósidos/efectos adversos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Long chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are known to be important components in a healthy diet and contribute to healthy functioning of the heart and the brain, among other organs. Although there are epidemiological studies on the strong relationship between fish or n-3 FA consumption and lower risk of cognitive decline, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are less consistent. Here, we performed a scoping review on RCTs with n-3 FA supplementation where cognition was evaluated. Seventy-eight RCTs published before April 2022 were included in this review. Among these RCTs, 43.6% reported a positive cognitive outcome after the consumption of n-3 FA compared to the placebo. However, there was a large diversity of populations studied (age ranges and health status), wide range of doses of EPA + DHA supplemented (79 mg/day - 5200 mg/day) and a multitude of tests evaluating cognition, mainly diagnostic tests, that were used to assess cognitive scores and overall cognitive status. RCTs were thereafter categorized into non-cognitively impaired middle-aged adults (n = 24), non-cognitively impaired older adults (n = 24), adults with subjective memory complaints (n = 14), adults with mild cognitive impairments (MCI, n = 9) and people with diagnosed dementia or other cognitive changes (n = 7). Among these categories, 66.7% of RCTs conducted with MCI adults reported a positive cognitive outcome when supplemented with n-3 FA vs. the placebo. Therefore, this scoping review provides rationale and questions to a) strengthen the design of future RCTs with n-3 FA for cognitive outcomes, and b) generate more informative data to support clinicians in their practice in assessing cognition before and after a nutritional intervention.