RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Adrenal hemorrhage is a classical but rare complication of antiphospholipid syndrome, revealing diagnosis in one third of the cases. Anti-vitamin K therapy is the standard treatment but direct oral anticoagulants are discussed as an alternative. In the latest recommendations, it is advised not to use direct oral anticoagulants in the setting of antiphospholipid syndrome. CASE REPORT: We present a case of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage revealing primary antiphospholipid syndrome with triple positive antibody profile, in a 47-year-old man treated by apixaban for previous venous thromboembolism. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, it is the first case of adrenal hemorrhage occurring during apixaban treatment in a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome. This case illustrates the inefficacy of direct oral anticoagulants to prevent thrombotic events in antiphospholipid syndrome, in accordance with the latest recommendations.
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Enfermedades de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/inducido químicamente , Síndrome Antifosfolípido/diagnóstico , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Pirazoles/efectos adversos , Piridonas/efectos adversos , Enfermedades de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/diagnóstico , Glándulas Suprarrenales/efectos de los fármacos , Glándulas Suprarrenales/patología , Síndrome Antifosfolípido/complicaciones , Hemorragia/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Necrosis/inducido químicamente , Necrosis/diagnóstico , Pirazoles/uso terapéutico , Piridonas/uso terapéutico , Tromboembolia Venosa/complicaciones , Tromboembolia Venosa/tratamiento farmacológicoAsunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Confusión/etiología , Linfoma de Células B/complicaciones , Linfoma de Células B/diagnóstico , Alcoholismo/complicaciones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Linfoma de Células B/tratamiento farmacológico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: In the elderly, both the presence of a multiple pathology and multiple medication have been shown to be frequent risk factors for adverse drug events. However, a few studies only have included parameters of standardized geriatric assessment for the purpose of identifying other risk factors. Our study compared the parameters of standard geriatric assessment, in the presence or absence of adverse drug events and evaluated the prevalence of adverse drug events in elderly inpatients, the symptoms, and the drugs involved. METHODS: A total of 823 patients were studied during a two-year period. Two groups of patients were identified, according to the presence or absence of an adverse drug event. Eight fields of geriatric assessment were compared: comorbidities, number of drugs, functional status, nutritional status, mobility, mood, neurosensory disorders, and cognition. For patients who experienced an adverse drug event, we also analyzed the drugs involved and the symptoms of the adverse drug events. RESULTS: One hundred and twelve patients (13.6%) aged 82 years+/-7.5 experienced 144 adverse drug events. Significant differences between the two groups were observed in the following: symptoms of depression, problems of mobility, risk of malnutrition (respectively p=0.001, p=0.002, p=0.007), the female sex, number of drugs, number of comorbidities, and the administration of diuretics. Cardiovascular (23.2%), psychotropic (17.9%) and anti-infectious (17%) medicines were the most frequently involved. The symptoms that occurred most frequently were orthostatic hypotension (14.6%), gastrointestinal disorders (12.5%), and neuropsychological (10.4%) disorders. CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with multiple pathology and multiple medication are at high risk for adverse drug events. Other lesser known factors, such as depression, problems of mobility, and malnutrition must be researched, as they are evidence of the underlying the frailty of the elderly population.
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Sistemas de Registro de Reacción Adversa a Medicamentos , Envejecimiento , Prescripciones de Medicamentos , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos/epidemiología , Evaluación Geriátrica , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Sistemas de Registro de Reacción Adversa a Medicamentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Prescripciones de Medicamentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Francia/epidemiología , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Medicina Interna/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Errores de Medicación/estadística & datos numéricos , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: High variability has been observed in the estimation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in older patients, according to the formula used and no single formula has been recommended to date. The aim of this study was to quantify the precision and accuracy of the GFR estimated by means of three formulas and the measurement of cystatin C. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted in an acute care geriatric unit. Participants were patients, aged 70 years and over, having a possible 24-hour urine collection. The GFR was estimated using the Cockroft-Gault (CG), the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), and the Creatinine Clearance (Cl-Cr) formulas. The serum level of cystatin C was also measured. RESULTS: Eighty-one patients were included in the study. CG formula underestimated the GFR by a mean difference of 8.65 ml/min, compared with MDRD formula. Cl-Cr underestimated the GFR by a mean difference of 7.56 ml/min, compared with CG formula, and by a mean difference of 16.79 ml/min, compared with the MDRD formula. The degree of discrepancy between CG and Cl-Cr estimates, and between Cl-Cr and MDRD estimates decreased as the estimated GFR approached normal values. MDRD best matched the measurement of cystatin C, followed by CG and Cl-Cr (Kappa coefficient=0.43, 0.22 and 0.16, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our study confirms the high variability of GFR in older patients and particularly in those with abnormal renal function, depending on the formula used. Serum cystatine C level and MDRD formula appear to be the most concordant estimates of GFR in this population.
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Tasa de Filtración Glomerular/fisiología , Pacientes Internos , Urinálisis/métodos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Albuminuria/epidemiología , Creatinina/sangre , Creatinina/orina , Cistatina C , Cistatinas/orina , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Acute lithium intoxication may occur in circumstances causing kidney failure, when using lithium chronically. This situation may lead to neurological symptoms with coma, gastrointestinal disorders with diarrhea, cardiovascular symptoms with hypotension and metabolic symptoms with hypercalcemia. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus may also develop. We report the case of a 69-year-old woman suffering from unipolar manic-depressive psychosis and treated by lithium for 10 years. This case highlights the need to monitor serum lithium levels in patients on long-term lithium regimens, especially in circumstances involving dehydration.
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Trastorno Bipolar/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Insípida Nefrogénica/inducido químicamente , Compuestos de Litio/efectos adversos , Anciano , Deshidratación/inducido químicamente , Deshidratación/etiología , Femenino , HumanosAsunto(s)
Aneurisma , Síndrome de Behçet/complicaciones , Arteria Pulmonar , Corticoesteroides/administración & dosificación , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma/tratamiento farmacológico , Aneurisma/cirugía , Angiografía , Azatioprina/administración & dosificación , Azatioprina/uso terapéutico , Síndrome de Behçet/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Quimioterapia Combinada , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemoptisis/etiología , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/administración & dosificación , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Neumonectomía , Arteria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía Torácica , Síndrome , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The term 'primary' osteoporosis refers to osteoporosis that results from the involutional losses associated with aging and, in women, additional losses related to natural menopause. Osteoporosis that is caused or exacerbated by other disorders or medication exposures is referred to as 'secondary' osteoporosis. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS: This article describes the major causes and provides a framework for the diagnostic investigation of patients with suspected of having secondary osteoporosis. There are numerous causes of secondary bone loss, including endocrine disorders, disorders of the gastrointestinal or biliary tract, rheumatic diseases, haematological diseases, immobilization, adverse effects of drug therapy, and a wide miscellaneous group. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES: Secondary osteoporosis is potentially reversible during the treatment of the underlying disease. It must be identified and induce a symptomatic treatment in all cases plus an etiologic treatment when possible.
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Medicina Interna , Osteoporosis/diagnóstico , Osteoporosis/etiología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos , Enfermedades del Sistema Endocrino/complicaciones , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/complicaciones , Enfermedades Hematológicas/complicaciones , Humanos , Inmovilización , Enfermedades Reumáticas/complicacionesRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Tuberculosis involving the central nervous system (CNS) is rarely observed in non immuno-compromised hosts. We report herin the various clinical, biological and radiological manifestations observed in 7 patients with CNS tuberculosis. METHODS: Clinical and biological records of 7 patients with CNS tuberculosis were retrospectively studied. All patients had encephalic CT-scan and MRI in the course of the disease. RESULTS: 5 women and 2 men with a mean age of 38.4 years initially initially presented with headache (n = 6), fever (n = 5), meningeal irritation (n = 3), localizing neurological signs (n = 1). Lumbar punction revealed lymphocytic meningitis (n = 6/7). Mycobacterium tuberculosis or bovis was isolated in 3 patients only. Cerebral tomodensitography or magnetic resonance imaging were initially normal in most of cases (n = 4/7), but discovered in the course of disease basilar meningitis (n = 6), hydrocephalus (n = 6), abcess or tuberculoma (n = 4). In all the patients, initiation of the treatment was complicated by clinical and/or biological deterioration, called paradoxal reaction, leading in all cases to glucocorticoid adjunction, with various final results. Indeed, 4 patients developed neurological sequelae. No patient died. CONCLUSION: CNS tuberculosis is a rare disease in non immunocompromised patients whose diagnostic may be difficult due to the absence of specific clinical symptoms, negative initial radiological examination, as well as delayed and often negative bacterial isolation. Paradoxal reaction appeared to be frequent despite specific antibiotherapy and underlines the beneficial effects of addictive corticosteroids.
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Inmunocompetencia , Tuberculosis del Sistema Nervioso Central/diagnóstico , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/aislamiento & purificación , Embarazo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tuberculoma Intracraneal/diagnóstico , Tuberculoma Intracraneal/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculoma Intracraneal/microbiología , Tuberculosis del Sistema Nervioso Central/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis del Sistema Nervioso Central/microbiología , Tuberculosis Meníngea/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis Meníngea/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis Meníngea/microbiologíaRESUMEN
We report a case of fulminant presentation of thrombotic microangiopathy associated with Hodgkin's lymphoma in an HIV-infected patient. After aggressive therapy with antiretroviral drugs, chemotherapy, and plasmatherapy, complete remission of thrombotic microangiopathy and Hodgkin's lymphoma was observed.
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Electrodos Implantados/efectos adversos , Endocarditis Bacteriana/etiología , Hipotiroidismo/etiología , Marcapaso Artificial/efectos adversos , Embolia Pulmonar/etiología , Anciano , Tos/etiología , Disnea/etiología , Ecocardiografía Transesofágica , Endocarditis Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Hipotiroidismo/sangre , Hipotiroidismo/tratamiento farmacológico , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XAsunto(s)
Anabolizantes/efectos adversos , Discitis/etiología , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/etiología , Propionibacterium acnes , Adulto , Discitis/diagnóstico , Discitis/terapia , Discectomía , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/terapia , Humanos , Inyecciones Intramusculares , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , MasculinoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Acquired factor V inhibitor is rare and clinical symptoms are quite variable. Bleeding is the leading symptom but some patients are asymptomatic. Several diseases or conditions are associated with factor V inhibitors. Various treatments have been attempted but randomized or prospective trials are not available. EXEGESIS: Here we report three cases of acquired factor V inhibitor. These reports highlight the clinical variability of this disorder. Pathogenesis and therapy with reference to the literature are discussed. CONCLUSION: Factor V inhibitors are rare and associated to several diseases or conditions. Pathogenesis is still unclear except in patients exposed to bovine thrombin. The majority of the cases developed after surgery. In a few cases there is an association to a malignant or autoimmune disease. Plasmapheresis and platelet transfusions might be the best treatment in case of severe bleeding. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin infusions have been used successfully in some cases and we report here their efficacy in two cases.
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Trastornos de la Coagulación Sanguínea/etiología , Factor V/antagonistas & inhibidores , Hemorragia/etiología , Anciano , Femenino , Hemorragia/prevención & control , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Factores de RiesgoAsunto(s)
Histiocitosis de Células no Langerhans/parasitología , Malaria Falciparum/complicaciones , Anciano , Animales , Ferritinas/deficiencia , Histiocitosis de Células no Langerhans/complicaciones , Histiocitosis de Células no Langerhans/diagnóstico , Humanos , Hipertrigliceridemia/etiología , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Masculino , Pancitopenia/etiologíaAsunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda/etiología , Bacteriemia/complicaciones , Coagulación Intravascular Diseminada/etiología , Hepatitis/etiología , Rabdomiólisis/etiología , Infecciones por Salmonella/complicaciones , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Salmonella/microbiología , Salmonella enteritidis/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
A screening in vitro of antifungic activity of 24 strains of Basidiomycetes was realized with their culture filtrate. Lycoperdon perlatum Pers. = Pers., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers. ex Fr.) Mos., Agrocybe dura (Bolt) Singer have shown an activity against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Aspergillus fumigatus; Pholiota spumosa (Fr.) Singer towards Botrytis cinerea and Lycoperdon perlatum Pers. = Pers. towards Alternaria solani, Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium dahliae. More extensive studies of the kinetics of antifungic substances production from Lycoperdon perlatum Pers. = Pers. were effectued with 2 different media and 2 different seeding technics on the strains which were sensible to the inhibitory character of this Gasteromycete.