RESUMEN
La sífilis es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa causada por una espiroqueta: el Treponema pallidum. Se transmite por contacto directo (generalmente sexual) con las lesiones cutáneo-mucosas durante el estadio primario y secundario, por vía transplacentaria durante el embarazo o a través del pasaje por el canal uterino y por sangre. Se trata de una enfermedad sistémica con una gran variedad de manifestaciones clínicas. La sífilis secundaria cursa con manifestaciones generales de un síndrome infeccioso inespecífico y lesiones mucocutáneas características. La presentación clínica de los 20 pacientes que se describen en este trabajo es singular ya que solo poseían lesiones en la cavidad oral. Es importante considerar esta patología en el diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones mucosas orales, para realizar un diagnóstico temprano, tratamiento precoz y evitar el contagio, así como siempre descartar la asociación con infección por el retrovirus VIH
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete bacterium named as Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is transmitted by direct contact (generally non-protect sexual contact) with cutaneous and mucosal lesions during the primary and secondary periods, by trans-placental transmission if the mother develop the infection during pregnancy and by blood. Syphilis is a systemic disease with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Secondary syphilis is characterized by a nonspecific infectious syndrome and mucocutaneous lesions. Here we describe a serie of 20 patients with secondary syphilis as the unique clinical manifestation. Secondary syphilis should be included in the differential diagnosis of oral cavity mucosal lesions to achieve an early diagnosis and avoid the contagion. Human immunodeficiency virus infection should be always considered
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sífilis Cutánea/terapia , Sífilis/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Precoz , Sexo Inseguro , Boca/lesionesRESUMEN
Invasive species' success may depend strongly on the genetic resources they maintain through the invasion process. We ask how many introductions have occurred in the North American weed Centaurea stoebe micranthos (Asteraceae), and explore whether genetic diversity and population structure have changed as a result of introduction. We surveyed individuals from 15 European native range sites and 11 North American introduced range sites at six polymorphic microsatellite loci. No significant difference existed in the total number of alleles or in the number of private alleles found in each range. Shannon-Weaver diversity of phenotype frequencies was also not significantly different between the ranges, while expected heterozygosity was significantly higher in the invasive range. Population structure was similar between the native range and the invasive range, and isolation by distance was not significant in either range. Traditional assignment methods did not allocate any North American individuals to the sampled European populations, while Bayesian assignment methods grouped individuals into nine genetic clusters, with three of them shared between North America and Europe. Invasive individuals tended to have genetically admixed profiles, while natives tended to assign more strongly to a single cluster. Many North American individuals share assignment with Romania and Bulgaria, suggesting two separate invasions that have undergone gene flow in North America. Samples from three other invasive range sites were genetically distinct, possibly representing three other unique introductions. Multiple introductions and the maintenance of high genetic diversity through the introduction process may be partially responsible for the invasive success of C. stoebe micranthos.
Asunto(s)
Centaurea/genética , Variación Genética , Clima , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Ecosistema , Europa (Continente) , Flujo Genético , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/genética , América del Norte , Ploidias , Polimorfismo Genético , Dinámica PoblacionalRESUMEN
Se relatan cinco casos de sarcoma de Kaposi Sida en pacientes de sexo femenino. Se destaca que todas tuvieron lesiones en las mucosas accesibles; que dichas lesiones a veces precedieron a las cutaneas, que en ningno de los casos el contagio de Sida fue transfusional o por inyeccion de productos de sangre, y que en la mayoria de los casos el sarcoma de Kaposi aparece cuando el deterioro inmunologico ya es muy marcado, preanunciando un rapido desenlace fatal. Esto ultimo, en contraste con lo que sucede en el sexo masculino