[Congenital Left Internal Mammary Artery to Pulmonary Artery Fistula with Aneurysmal Change Diagnosed Incidentally:Report of a Case].

An internal mammary artery to pulmonary artery (IMA-PA) fistula is a very rare vascular abnormality. Patients with this disease are often asymptomatic, but they may develop symptoms such as heart failure and hemoptysis. A 60-year-old woman was incidentally diagnosed with left IMA-PA fistula by chest computed tomography (CT) during an examination for colon cancer. She was asymptomatic, but we determined that surgery was indicated because of the presence of an aneurysmal change. We performed complete surgical resection of the IMA-PA fistula and aneurysm under cardiopulmonary bypass. Her postoperative course was uneventful. Although a specific management strategy for IMA-PA fistula has not yet been established, surgical treatment should be performed to prevent rupture in cases with aneurysmal change.

[Successful Pulmonary Embolectomy using a Bronchoscope:Report of a Case].

Surgical pulmonary embolectomy is indicated for acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism complicated by floating thrombi in the right heart system. Postoperative residual thrombi are associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension and subsequent right heart failure, resulting in poor surgical outcome. A 67-year-old man was admitted to our institution owing to dyspnea on exertion. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a floating right atrial mass and right ventricular overload. In addition, enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a right atrial mass as well as bilateral massive pulmonary embolism. We performed an urgent pulmonary embolectomy using a bronchoscope as an adjunctive angioscope to completely remove the peripheral thrombi and to prevent serious complications, such as endobronchial hemorrhage due to pulmonary arterial injury. A clear, bloodless view of peripheral pulmonary arteries was obtained using short intermittent circulatory arrest technique. Postoperative course was uneventful, and he was discharged ambulatory 20 days after the surgery without any symptoms.

[Pacemaker Dislocation into the Peritoneal Cavity].

A 16-day-old neonate with congenital complete atrioventricular block underwent epicardial pacemaker implantation under the rectus. Four months later, abodominal X-ray imaging revealed dislocation of the generator from the abdomen to the pelvis. The infant was diagnosed with intraperitoneal pacemaker dislocation. However, there were no abdominal manifestations or complications associated with the bowel, urinary tract, and vascular system. Surgical refixation was performed in a hybrid room. Fluoroscopy helped avoid bowel injury when removing the generator from the peritoneal cavity. The pacing lead, which was adherent and entangled with the omentum, was released under direct vision. The generator was placed in a new pocket created in the subcutaneous layer of the anterior fascia of the rectus.

[Traumatic Disruption of the Aortic Root and the Ascending Aorta with Multisystem Trauma;Report of a Case].

We report a case of traumatic disruption of the aortic root with multisystem trauma. A 45-year-old male was suffered from multiple injuries including subarachnoid hemorrhage, lung contusion, retroperitoneal hematoma and femoral bone fracture caused by a traffic accident. He had a history of 3 cardiac surgeries including repair of atrioventricular septal defect and mitral valve replacement using a mechanical valve. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed leakage of the contrast medium from the aortic root and a filling defect on the right coronary artery. Because of hemorrhagic complications, emergency operation was avoided. He was operated 2 days after the trauma. Laceration of the left-coronary sinus and the non-coronary sinus was observed. Bentall operation was performed and the right coronary artery( RCA) was bypassed with a saphenous vein graft. He was treated with open fixation of the right femur 14 days after the operation and was discharged 58 days after the 1st operation.

Superior Mesenteric Artery-Pancreaticoduodenal Arcade Bypass Grafting for Repair of Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery Aneurysm with Celiac Axis Occlusion.

We report a case of an aneurysm of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (IPDA), with chronic occlusion of the celiac axis. Both surgical aneurysmectomy and endovascular coil embolization were anticipated to sacrifice IPDA, which could lead to severe acute ischemia in the celiac region. The treatment involved surgical ligation of the aneurysm after bypass grafting from the superior mesenteric artery to the anterior IPDA. A postoperative computed tomography revealed no enhancement of the aneurysm and sufficient collateral blood supply by the patent bypass graft.

[Aortitis Syndrome Requiring Redo Bentall Procedure with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting due to Graft Detachment;Report of a Case].

A 53-year-old woman was referred to us for reoperation of aortic root. Twenty-three years ago, she was diagnosed with aortitis and suffered from annuloaortic ectasia, aortic regurgitation, severe stenosis of left carotid and subclavian arteries and occulusion of the main trunk of left coronary artery. The left coronary system was perfused by collateral arteries from right coronary artery. She had undergone original Bentall procedure( Cooley graft 26 mm+SJM valve 25 mm) with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)[saphenous vein graft (SVG)-left anterior descending artery (LAD)]. When she was 52 years old, she suffered from angina on efforts. Computed tomography and catheter angiocardiogram revealed pseudoaneurysm formation due to detachment of right coronary artery button and occulusion of SVG. We underwent redo aortic root replacement (Hemashield graft 26 mm+On-X valve 23 mm) with redo CABG (SVG-LAD). Eight mm graft was interposed between composite valve graft and right coronary button. Postoperative course was uneventful. She was discharged from the hospital on the 17th day, and is now doing well without any symptoms.

[Cardiac angiosarcoma resected after definitive diagnosis by thoracoscope-assisted biopsy].

A 31-year-old woman presented with cardiac tamponade. Contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography(CT) revealed an inhomogeneously-enhanced soft tissue mass measuring 50×35×30 mm, which was in contact with the right atrial wall. The mass was definitely diagnosed as cardiac angiosarcoma by thoracoscope-assisted biopsy. The right atrial wall, including the tumor, was extensively resected, and then reconstructed with the equine pericardium. Postoperative radiation therapy was performed, but the patient developed malignant ascites with an intra-pericardial ectopic tumor recurrence. Additional radiation therapy was performed, but she died 177 days after the operation. Although thoracoscopeassisted biopsy is considered to be a useful diagnostic method for cardiac tumors on the surface of the heart, it carries the risk of spreading tumor cells. In the present case, the tumor should have been resected immediately after the prompt pathological diagnosis.

[Abdominal aortic aneurysm with chronic contained rupture in a ninety-year-old woman: a case report].

A 90-year-old woman was admitted to a local clinic with fever, anorexia, and right lower abdominal pain on March 25, 2004. She was referred to our hospital for detailed examination of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on May 18. Computed tomography revealed an abdominal aortic aneurysm measuring 78mm in maximal diameter and a retroperitoneal hematoma, suggesting chronic contained rupture of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. Emergency Y-shaped graft replacement was performed. The intraoperative findings included a perforation on the posterior wall of the abdominal aortic aneurysm and an organized thrombus on the retroperitoneum. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 21 days after surgery.