RESUMEN
The study examined the impact of dementia severity on repeat fallers among the institutionalized elderly. A secondary analysis of a dataset containing information on 466 residents (86 of whom were fallers) of nine care facilities around Tokyo was carried out. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the baseline characteristics. Then, logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the risk factors between the non-fallers and fallers and between the single and repeat fallers. Finally, the relative risks that had an impact on the repeat fallers were calculated. Sixty-one persons (13.1%) were identified as single fallers and 25 (5.4%) were identified as repeat fallers. An unstable gait was a dominant risk factor. In addition, the person's sex and the facility type were identified as risk factors for the fallers, while severe dementia was identified as a risk factor for the repeat fallers. Nurses should recognize the combination of severe dementia and unstable gait as a warning sign for potential repeat fallers.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes por Caídas/estadística & datos numéricos , Demencia/complicaciones , Institucionalización , Accidentes por Caídas/prevención & control , Actividades Cotidianas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Intervalos de Confianza , Demencia/enfermería , Femenino , Indicadores de Salud , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oportunidad Relativa , Psicometría , Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadAsunto(s)
Degeneraciones Espinocerebelosas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , Donepezilo , Femenino , Humanos , Indanos/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Trastornos Mentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos Mentales/etiología , Piperidinas/uso terapéutico , Degeneraciones Espinocerebelosas/complicaciones , Degeneraciones Espinocerebelosas/tratamiento farmacológico , Degeneraciones Espinocerebelosas/epidemiología , Degeneraciones Espinocerebelosas/genética , Hormona Liberadora de Tirotropina/uso terapéutico , Expansión de Repetición de TrinucleótidoRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of patients with dementia to recognize facial expressions and emotional situations. We evaluated 16 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and 15 with vascular dementia (VD) for general cognition, discrimination of facial expressions and individual faces, and recognition of facial expressions and emotional situations. VD patients performed significantly worse than DAT patients at recognizing facial emotions, even though there was no difference between them in their general cognition and visuoperceptual abilities. There was no significant difference between them in their ability to recognize emotional situations. The results of this and past studies suggest that caregivers in nursing homes and hospitals need to be aware that VD patients lose the ability to comprehend facial expressions.