Advances in Pathogenesis, Progression, Potential Targets and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies in SARS-CoV-2-Induced COVID-19.

As the new year of 2020 approaches, an acute respiratory disease quietly caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China. Subsequently, COVID-19 broke out on a global scale and formed a global public health emergency. To date, the destruction that has lasted for more than two years has not stopped and has caused the virus to continuously evolve new mutant strains. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to cause multiple complications and lead to severe disability and death, which has dealt a heavy blow to global development, not only in the medical field but also in social security, economic development, global cooperation and communication. To date, studies on the epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism and pathological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-induced COVID-19, as well as target confirmation, drug screening, and clinical intervention have achieved remarkable effects. With the continuous efforts of the WHO, governments of various countries, and scientific research and medical personnel, the public's awareness of COVID-19 is gradually deepening, a variety of prevention methods and detection methods have been implemented, and multiple vaccines and drugs have been developed and urgently marketed. However, these do not appear to have completely stopped the pandemic and ravages of this virus. Meanwhile, research on SARS-CoV-2-induced COVID-19 has also seen some twists and controversies, such as potential drugs and the role of vaccines. In view of the fact that research on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has been extensive and in depth, this review will systematically update the current understanding of the epidemiology, transmission mechanism, pathological features, potential targets, promising drugs and ongoing clinical trials, which will provide important references and new directions for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research.

Effect of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 gene polymorphisms on the clinical efficacy of carboplatin therapy in Han patients with ovarian cancer.

Gene polymorphisms have a close relationship with the clinical effects of carboplatin for ovarian cancer. Here, we investigated the relationship between CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 genotypes and the clinical efficacy of carboplatin in ovarian cancer, thereby clarifying the unidentified genetic factors that influence the efficacy of carboplatin in ovarian cancer. Based on the above purposes, we used Sequenom Mass ARRAY technology to detect CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 gene polymorphisms in 127 patients with carboplatin-treated ovarian cancer. We performed various statistical analyses to evaluate the effects of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 genetic variants, demographic data, and clinical characteristics on the effect of carboplatin therapy. The results show that the CX3CL1 genotypes rs223815 (G>C) and rs682082 (G>A) will significantly affect the clinical efficacy of carboplatin for ovarian cancer (p < 0.05), while the other six genotypes and all CX3CR1 genotypes have no significant effect (p > 0.05). In addition, only one population factor, age, had a significant effect on the clinical efficacy of carboplatin-treated ovarian cancer (p < 0.05). Based on the above research results, we concluded that the clinical efficacy of carboplatin in ovarian cancer patients was significantly correlated with age and CX3CL1 polymorphism factors; however, more in-depth effects and mechanisms need to be explored by large-scale, multicenter studies.