Floquet Topological Superfluid and Majorana Zero Modes in Two-Dimensional Periodically Driven Fermi Systems.

We propose a simple approach to realize two-dimensional Floquet topological superfluid by periodically tuning the depth of square optical lattice potentials. We show that the periodic driving can induce topological phase transitions between trivial superfluid and Floquet topological superfluid. For this systems we verify the anomalous bulk-boundary correspondence, namely that the robust chiral Floquet edge states can appear even when the winding number of all the bulk Floquet bands is zero. We establish the existence of two Floquet Majorana zero modes separated in the quasienergy space, with ε0,π = 0,π/T at the topological defects.

Post-marketing safety surveillance and reevaluation of Motherwort injection: A clinical study of 10 094 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety profiles of Motherwort injection (MI). METHODS: A multi-center, prospective and drug- derived hospital intensive monitoring method was conducted to assess the safety of MI in real world applications. This study was based on a very large population after the injection was approved and marketed in China. All patients using the injection in participating hospitals were monitored to determine the incidence, pattern, severity and outcome of associated adverse events. RESULTS: The post-marketing surveillance was performed in 10 094 female patients from April to December, 2015. The incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was 0.79¡ë(8/10 094). Among the 8 patients, the reported adverse events mainly included systemic abnormalities, such as fever, chills and eyelid edema; skin and appendages disorders, such as pruritus and rash; gastrointestinal disorders, such as nausea, abdominal distension and pain; heart rate and rhythm disorders, such as palpitation and increased heart rate. All of these ADRs were mild in severity. CONCLUSION: In this study the ADRs incidence rate of MI is very low, which supports that it is generally safe for use in obstetric and gynecological diseases. However, the total number of 8 ADRs recorded over a relatively short time span seems limited, and the low number of reports could not represent an absolute guarantee of safety.

Dynamical differential networks and modules inferring disrupted genes associated with the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

In order to understand the pathogenic factors that initiate the processes of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a method of inference of multiple differential modules (iMDM) to conduct analysis was performed on the gene expression profile of AD. A total of 11,089 genes and 588,391 interactions were gained based on the gene expression profile and protein-protein interaction network. Subsequently, three differential co-expression networks (DCNs) were constructed with the same nodes but different interactions, and eight multiple differential modules (M-DMs) were identified. Furthermore, by performing Module Connectivity Dynamic Score to quantify the change in the connectivity of component modules, two M-DMs were identified: Module 1 (P=0.0419) and 2 (P=0.0419; adjusted, P≤0.05). Finally, hub genes of MDH1, NDUFAB1, NDUFB5, DDX1 and MRPS35 were gained via topological analysis conducted on the 2 M-DMs. In conclusion, the method of iMDM was suitable for conducting analysis on AD. By applying iMDM, 2 M-DMs were successfully identified and the MDH1, NDUFAB1, NDUFB5, DDX1 and MRPS35 genes were predicted to be important during the occurrence and development of AD.

Rational Design and Optimization of Trypsin Inhibitory Peptides with Antibacterial Activity.

Small natural or synthetic peptides have been reported to exhibit potent inhibitory capability against trypsin, some of which were also found to have antibacterial potency. Here, we described a successful application of in silico-in vitro integrated approach to rationally design and optimize bifunctional peptides with both trypsin inhibitory and antimicrobial activities. In the procedure, computer-aided methods including protein docking, peptide redocking, molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations were employed to model and analyze the intermolecular interaction between human trypsin (hT) and natural trypsin inhibitors (TIs). Based on the modeled hT-TI complex structures a number of promising peptide fragments were derived from the trypsin inhibitory loop of TIs, which were then tested experimentally to determine their inhibitory potency on recombinant hT protein as well as their antibacterial potency against three clinical strains. Consequently, few peptides were found to possess a good profile of trypsin inhibitory and antibacterial bi-functionality. Structural visualization and noncovalent examination of hT complex with a potent peptide revealed that the hydrophobic forces and van der Waals contacts between the peptide nonpolar residues and the hydrophobic pocket around hT active site confer significant stability to the complex architecture, while few specific hydrogen bonds and cation-π interactions at the complex interface contribute to peptide selectivity for hT.

Guiding and cooling of atoms in an interference field composed of two hollow beams.

We propose a new scheme to guide and cool three-level alkali-metal atoms in a blue-detuned interference field composed of two counter-propagating doughnut hollow beams, and analyze the intensity distribution of the interference field of the two hollow beams and its intensity gradient one. Our study shows that the high intensity gradient of the interference field is desirable to realize intensity-gradient cooling for the guided atoms, and the minimum optical potential at the nodes of the interference field is high enough to guide almost all atoms released from a standard magneto-optical trap. We also perform Monte-Carlo simulations for dynamic process of the intensity-gradient cooling, and show that an (87)Rb atomic sample with a temperature of 120 muK can be directly cooled to a final equilibrium temperature of 4.71 muK in our guiding scheme.

Atomic (or molecular) guiding using a blue-detuned doughnut mode in a hollow metallic waveguide.

We propose a new scheme to guide cold atoms (or molecules) using a blue-detuned TE(01) doughnut mode in a hollow metallic waveguide (HMW), and analyze the electromagnetic field distributions of various modes in the HMW. We calculate the optical potentials of the TE(01) doughnut mode for three-level atoms using dressed-atom approach, and find that the optical potential of the TE(01) mode is high enough to guide cold atoms released from a standard magneto-optical trap. Our study shows that when the input laser power is 0.5W and its detuning is 3GHz, the guiding efficiency of cold atoms in the straight HMW with a hollow radius of 15 microm can reach 98%, and this guiding efficiency will be almost unchanged with the change of curvature radius R of the bent HMW as R > 2cm, which is a desirable scheme to do some atom-optics experiments or realize a computer-controlled atom lithography with an arbitrary pattern. We also analyze the losses of the guided atoms in the HMW due to the spontaneous emission and background thermal collisions and briefly discuss some potential applications of our guiding scheme in atom and molecule optics.