Therapeutic strategies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway in metastatic colorectal cancer.

More than 1.9 million new colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and 935000 deaths were estimated to occur worldwide in 2020, representing about one in ten cancer cases and deaths. Overall, colorectal ranks third in incidence, but second in mortality. More than half of the patients are in advanced stages at diagnosis. Treatment options are complex because of the heterogeneity of the patient population, including different molecular subtypes. Treatments have included conventional fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, etc. In recent years, with the development of genetic testing technology, more and more targeted drugs have been applied to the treatment of CRC, which has further prolonged the survival of metastatic CRC patients.

Effect of iTBS dual-target stimulation on lower limb function in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury:a randomized, single-blind,sham-controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) dual-target stimulation on lower limb function in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). METHODS: A randomized, single -blind,sham-controlled trial was used in this study. Thirty iSCI patients with lower limb dysfunction meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a sham group and an iTBS group, with 15 cases in each group. The iTBS group received conventional rehabilitation therapy combined with iTBS dual-target stimulation on the central cerebral sulcus and the nerve root of the spinal cord injury segment. The sham group was treated with conventional rehabilitation therapy combined with iTBS dual-target sham stimulation therapy. Comprehensive functional assessment was performed on all patients before treatment, on the Day 3 and Day 21 of treatment.The main evaluation indicators were as follows: amplitude and latency of motor-evoked potential (MEP) in the anterior tibial muscles of both lower limbs,latency of sensory-evoked potential (SEP) of both lower limbs, knee flexor strength and knee extensor strength, lower extremity motor score (LEMS), lower extremity sensory score (LESS), spinal cord independence measure (SCIM) score and gait parameters (stride speed, stride frequency, stride length, ground reaction force). RESULTS: On day 21 of treatment, in the iTBS group, the MEP amplitude of the anterior tibial muscles increased, the latency of MEP shortened, knee flexor strength and knee extensor strength increased, and the lower extremity motor score and SCIM score of both lower limbs increased. In addition, there were statistically significant differences in the muscle strength of the knee flexion muscle, knee extensor muscle, MEP amplitude, LEMS and SCIM between the two groups (p<0.05). Among the 10 patients who could walk with an assisted walker, the step length and step frequency of the iTBS group were increased compared with the sham group after treatment (p<0.01), and the ground reaction force (GRF) was increased (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the LESS of the lower limbs between the two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ITBS dual-target stimulation can significantly improve the motor function of both lower limbs in patients with iSCI but does not significantly improve the sensory function of both lower limbs. Therefore, this treatment mode may participate in the reconstruction and repair of some nerve circuits in patients with iSCI. In addition, iTBS dual-target stimulation can improve the ability of iSCI patients to perform daily living.

Maternal mRNA deadenylation is defective in in vitro matured mouse and human oocytes.

Oocyte in vitro maturation is a technique in assisted reproductive technology. Thousands of genes show abnormally high expression in in vitro maturated metaphase II (MII) oocytes compared to those matured in vivo in bovines, mice, and humans. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are poorly understood. Here, we use poly(A) inclusive RNA isoform sequencing (PAIso-seq) for profiling the transcriptome-wide poly(A) tails in both in vivo and in vitro matured mouse and human oocytes. Our results demonstrate that the observed increase in maternal mRNA abundance is caused by impaired deadenylation in in vitro MII oocytes. Moreover, the cytoplasmic polyadenylation of dormant Btg4 and Cnot7 mRNAs, which encode key components of deadenylation machinery, is impaired in in vitro MII oocytes, contributing to reduced translation of these deadenylase machinery components and subsequently impaired global maternal mRNA deadenylation. Our findings highlight impaired maternal mRNA deadenylation as a distinct molecular defect in in vitro MII oocytes.

Glioma-Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomes Remodeled Glioma-Associated Macrophage via NEAT1/miR-125a/STAT3 Pathway.

Glioblastoma (GBM), as the most common primary brain tumor, usually results in an extremely poor prognosis, in which glioma stem cells (GSCs) and their immunosuppressive microenvironment prominently intervene in the resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy that directly leads to tumor recurrence and shortened survival time. The specific mechanism through which exosomes generated from GSCs support the creation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment remains unknown, while it is acknowledged to be engaged in intercellular communication and the regulation of the glioma immunosuppressive microenvironment. The elevated expression of LncRNA-NEAT1 was found in glioma cells after radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and DNA damage stimulation, and NEAT1 could promote the malignant biological activities of GSCs. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs may reply to external stimuli or DNA damage by playing a role in modulating different aspects of tumor biology. Our study demonstrated a promotive role of the carried NEAT1 by GSC-derived exosomes in the polarization of M2-like macrophages. Further experiments demonstrated the mediative role of miR-125a and its target gene STAT3 in NEAT1-induced polarization of M2-like macrophages that promote glioma progression. Our findings elucidate the mechanism by which GSCs influence the polarization of M2-like macrophages through exosomes, which may contribute to the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironments. Taken together, our study reveals the miR-125a-STAT3 pathway through which exosomal NEAT1 from treatment-resistant GSCs contributes to M2-like macrophage polarization, indicating the potential of exosomal NEAT1 for treating glioma.

Reducing Oxidative Stress-Mediated Alcoholic Liver Injury by Multiplexed RNAi of Cyp2e1, Cyp4a10, and Cyp4a14.

The prevalence of excessive drinking-related alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is rising, yet therapeutic options remain limited. High alcohol consumption and consequent oxidative metabolism by cytochrome P450 (CYP) can lead to extremely high levels of reactive oxygen species, which overwhelm cellular defenses and harm hepatocytes. Our previous investigations showed that inhibiting Cyp2e1 using RNA interference reduced the incidence of ALD. However, compensatory mechanisms other than CYP2E1 contribute to oxidative stress in the liver. Therefore, we coupled triple siRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) targeting Cyp2e1 with two isoenzymes Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14 to treat ALD mouse models fed with Lieber-Decarli ethanol liquid diet for 12 weeks at the early (1st week), middle (5th week), and late (9th week) stages. The administration of triple siRNA LNPs significantly ameliorated chronic alcoholic liver injury in mice, and early treatment achieved the most profound effects. These effects can be attributed to a reduction in oxidative stress and increased expression of antioxidant genes, including Gsh-Px, Gsh-Rd, and Sod1. Moreover, we observed the alleviation of inflammation, evidenced by the downregulation of Il-1ß, Il-6, Tnf-α, and Tgf-ß, and the prevention of excessive lipid synthesis, evidenced by the restoration of the expression of Srebp1c, Acc, and Fas. Finally, triple siRNA treatment maintained normal metabolism in lipid oxidation. In brief, our research examined the possible targets for clinical intervention in ALD by examining the therapeutic effects of triple siRNA LNPs targeting Cyp2e1, Cyp4a10, and Cyp4a14. The in vivo knockdown of the three genes in this study is suggested as a promising siRNA therapeutic approach for ALD.

Complications and comorbidities associated with antineoplastic chemotherapy: Rethinking drug design and delivery for anticancer therapy.

Despite the considerable advancements in chemotherapy as a cornerstone modality in cancer treatment, the prevalence of complications and pre-existing diseases is on the rise among cancer patients along with prolonged survival and aging population. The relationships between these disorders and cancer are intricate, bearing significant influence on the survival and quality of life of individuals with cancer and presenting challenges for the prognosis and outcomes of malignancies. Herein, we review the prevailing complications and comorbidities that often accompany chemotherapy and summarize the lessons to learn from inadequate research and management of this scenario, with an emphasis on possible strategies for reducing potential complications and alleviating comorbidities, as well as an overview of current preclinical cancer models and practical advice for establishing bio-faithful preclinical models in such complex context.

Application progress of exergames in health interventions for the elderly. / 运动游戏在老年人健康干预中的应用进展.

With the aging population in China, health issues among the elderly are becoming increasingly prominent, leading to a rapidly growing demand for health interventions for the elderly. Exergames are one of the important emerging methods in the field of health interventions for the elderly, widely used and yielding positive results. While research on exergames is well-established abroad, it is still in its infancy in China, lacking reports on the types, interaction forms, intervention content, application status, and effectiveness of exergames. Exergames are suitable for widespread use among the elderly in China, and there is a need to accelerate the development and application of exergames in the field of health interventions for the elderly in China.

The metabolic pathways of carbon assimilation and polyhydroxyalkanoate production by Rhodospirillum rubrum in response to different atmospheric fermentation.

The purple nonsulfur bacteria, Rhodospirillum rubrum, is recognized as a potential strain for PHAs bioindustrial processes since they can assimilate a broad range of carbon sources, such as syngas, to allow reduction of the production costs. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the biomass and PHA formation behaviors of R. rubrum under 100% CO and 50% CO gas atmosphere and found that pure CO promoted the PHA synthesis (PHA content up to 23.3% of the CDW). Hydrogen addition facilitated the uptake and utilization rates of CO and elevated 3-HV monomers content (molar proportion of 3-HV up to 9.2% in the presence of 50% H2). To elucidate the genetic events culminating in the CO assimilation process, we performed whole transcriptome analysis of R. rubrum grown under 100% CO or 50% CO using RNA sequencing. Transcriptomic analysis indicated different CO2 assimilation strategy was triggered by the presence of H2, where the CBB played a minor role. An increase in BCAA biosynthesis related gene abundance was observed under 50% CO condition. Furthermore, we detected the α-ketoglutarate (αKG) synthase, converting fumarate to αKG linked to the αKG-derived amino acids synthesis, and series of threonine-dependent isoleucine synthesis enzymes were significantly induced. Collectively, our results suggested that those amino acid synthesis pathways represented a key way for carbon assimilation and redox potential maintenance by R. rubrum growth under syngas condition, which could partly replace the PHA production and affect its monomer composition in copolymers. Finally, a fed-batch fermentation of the R. rubrum in a 3-l bioreactor was carried out and proved H2 addition indeed increased the PHA accumulation rate, yielding 20% ww-1 PHA production within six days.

The role of sex hormone binding globulin levels in the association of surgical and natural premature menopause with incident type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations of surgical and natural menopause before the age of 40 years with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in women. METHODS: A total of 273,331 women from the United Kingdom were recruited between 2006 and 2010 in the UK Biobank (UKB) study, and 146,343 women aged 40 to 69 years who were postmenopausal at baseline were included in the analysis. Surgical menopause and natural premature menopause were defined as bilateral oophorectomy before the age of 40 and menopause before the age of 40 without oophorectomy, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between premature menopause and the incidence of T2D. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 10.4 years, 47 women with surgical premature menopause, 244 women with natural premature menopause, and 4724 women without premature menopause developed T2D. Compared with women without premature menopause, both surgical premature menopause (adjusted HR = 1.46, 95 % CI: 1.09-1.95; P = 0.01) and natural premature menopause (adjusted HR = 1.20, 95 % CI: 1.06-1.37; P < 0.01) were associated with higher risks of incident T2D in the multivariable-adjusted models. Additionally, we observed a significant interaction between levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) (Pinteraction < 0.01) and the effects of premature menopause on incident T2D. The association between premature menopause and T2D risk appeared to be stronger in women with higher SHBG levels. Furthermore, a joint association was detected between premature menopause and the genetic risk score (GRS) of T2D, with a higher score indicating a higher risk of developingT2D. The highest risk of T2D was observed with higher T2D GRS and surgical premature menopause (adjusted HR = 2.61, 95 % CI: 1.65-4.12; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical menopause and natural menopause before the age of 40 years were associated with an increased risk of T2D among postmenopausal women. The findings also suggest potential interactions of premature menopause with SHBG levels, with the association appearing to be stronger in higher SHBG levels, as well as a joint association between menopause status and genetic risk factors on T2D incidence.

Social participation classification and activities in association with health outcomes among older adults: Results from a scoping review.

AIMS: The aim of this study is to summarize the characteristics of social participation classification and examine the association between activities and health outcomes among older adults. DESIGN: Scoping review. DATA SOURCES: Eight databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, Embase, ProQuest, Psychological Information Database, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Reference lists of relevant social participation reviews were also considered. METHODS: This study applied a five-stage methodological framework. A narrative synthesis summarized social participation classification and activities and their associations with health outcomes among older adults (≥65 years) living at home, in the community or in nursing residences. RESULTS: Forty-two articles published between 1975 and 2022 were selected. Four classification criteria of social participation were extracted and summarized from these studies. Based on the depth and breadth of social interactions, this review proposed a four-level classification schema. A lower risk of mortality and less visual impairment were associated with participation in level-one, level-three or level-four activities, whereas less depression, less pain and better cognitive function were linked to participation in level-three or level-four activities. CONCLUSION: Future studies should provide a clear definition, establish classification criteria for participation and properly select activity forms while considering both subjective and objective dimensions. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: The results could provide data for designing targeted social participation interventions to improve specific health outcomes among older adults. IMPACT: This review could help researchers examine the role of social participation activities in specific health outcomes. Moreover, a proposed classification of social participation activities would benefit researchers and community nurses in discerning the similarities and differences among activities. REPORTING METHOD: This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews guideline. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.

Characteristics of after-discharges following compound muscle action potential or F-wave in primary peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome.

INTRODUCTION/AIMS: F-wave testing frequently reveals after-discharges of varied morphologies in patients with primary peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome (PNHS), although reports are scant. This study aimed to explore the morphological characteristics of the after-discharges during F-wave tests in PNHS, and to assess the association between after-discharges and the disease classification. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with PNHS between 2014 and 2022. The morphological characteristic and duration of after-discharges during F-wave tests were analyzed. After-discharges in the Morvan syndrome group were compared with those in non-Morvan group, and between groups with positive or negative voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex antibodies. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients were included in the study, of which 25 exhibited after-discharges. All after-discharges in Morvan patients occurred following compound muscle action potential (CMAP). In non-Morvan patients, after-discharges occurred following F-wave (32%) and CMAP (47%). The durations of after-discharges following CMAP were significantly prolonged in Morvan (54.2 ± 18.8 ms) compared to non-Morvan patients (34.5 ± 15.0 ms). The majority of antibody-positive patients (18/20) exhibited after-discharges following CMAP, whereas 67% of antibody-negative patients (6/9) showed after-discharges following F-wave. DISCUSSION: The varying presentations of after-discharges, including their location (after CMAP or F-wave) and the duration of after-discharge can assist in clinically classifying PNHS.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma of the jejunum detected by double contrast enhanced ultrasound: a case report of a novel ultrasound modality.

Background: Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma (SBA) is rare, occult and life-threatening malignancy in digestive system. Given low incidence and nonspecific symptoms, SBA is frequently detected in later stages. Double contrast enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS) is an innovative imaging technique applied to visualize the gastrointestinal tract, merging intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound with oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound. In this case, DCEUS was utilized and successfully detected an SBA of the jejunum. Case presentation: A Chinese woman, aged 64, sought consultation in the gastroenterology department at our hospital, reporting symptoms of abdominal pain. Three months before entering the hospital, she underwent gastroscopy and colonoscopy which suggested chronic gastritis, and she was treated with oral drugs. However, her symptoms were not relieved, and even worsened. To further investigate, DCEUS was performed. The oral contrast agent dilated the luminal space of the upper gastrointestinal tract, resolving the hindrance caused by gas in the gastrointestinal tract and creating an acoustic window for scanning. Through this acoustic window, oral agent contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OA-CEUS) revealed a localized thickening of jejunal intestinal wall measuring 4x3 cm. Following intravenous injection of ultrasound contrast agent, the jejunal lesion exhibited faster enhancement and heterogeneous hyper-enhancement. Finally, the patient underwent jejunal tumor resection. Pathological examination revealed a jejunal adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: The timely diagnosis of SBA can be challenging. DCEUS may have the potential to contribute to diagnosis and detailed evaluation of SBA, particularly in cases involving jejunum. Further researches are needed to fully explore the benefits of DCEUS in the standard diagnostic approach for small bowel diseases.

The Fill-Mask Association Test (FMAT): Measuring propositions in natural language.

Recent advances in large language models are enabling the computational intelligent analysis of psychology in natural language. Here, the Fill-Mask Association Test (FMAT) is introduced as a novel and integrative method leveraging Masked Language Models to study and measure psychology from a propositional perspective at the societal level. The FMAT uses Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) models to compute semantic probabilities of option words filling in the masked blank of a designed query (i.e., a clozelike contextualized sentence). The current research presents 15 studies that establish the reliability and validity of the FMAT in predicting factual associations (Studies 1A-1C), measuring attitudes/biases (Studies 2A-2D), capturing social stereotypes (Studies 3A-3D), and retrospectively delineating lay perceptions of sociocultural changes over time (Studies 4A-4D). Empirically, the FMAT replicated seminal findings previously obtained with human participants (e.g., the Implicit Association Test) and other big-data text-analytic methods (e.g., word frequency analysis, the Word Embedding Association Test), demonstrating robustness across 12 BERT model variants and diverse training text corpora. Theoretically, the current findings substantiate the propositional (vs. associative) perspective on how semantic associations are represented in natural language. Methodologically, the FMAT allows for more fine-grained language-based psychological measurement, with an R package developed to streamline its workflow for use on broader research questions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

[Meteorological Influences on Annual Variation and Trend of Autumn Surface Ozone in the Pearl River Delta].

Based on the ozone （O3） monitoring data of the Pearl River Delta （PRD） from 2015 to 2022 and the reanalysis of meteorological data, the impact of meteorological conditions on the annual variation and trends of the maximum daily 8-hour average O3 concentration （MDA8-O3） were quantified using multiple linear regression （MLR） and LMG methods. The results indicated that the MLR model constructed using meteorological parameters from individual months in autumn better simulated the variation in MDA8-O3 compared to that in the model built using meteorological parameters from the entire autumn season. The combined influence of total cloud cover, relative humidity, 2 m maximum temperature, and 850 hPa zonal wind led to a reduction of 34.1 µg·m-3 in MAD8-O3 in 2020 compared to that in 2019, with contributions of 31.3%, 45.2%, 15.8%, and 6.7%, respectively. The observed trends of MDA8-O3 in the PRD for September, October, November, and the autumn season during 2015-2022 were 7.3, 5.2, 4.8, and 5.8 µg·ï¼ˆm3·a）-1, respectively. Among these, the trends driven by meteorological factors were 3.6, 2.4, 2.4, and 3.1 µg·ï¼ˆm3·a）-1. Overall, meteorological conditions contributed 53.4% to the variations in autumn MDA8-O3 in the PRD from 2015 to 2022.

Versatile Curve Design by Level Set with Quadratic Convergence.

Many 3D mesh processing tasks revolve around generating and manipulating curves on surface meshes. While it is intuitive to explicitly model these curves using mesh edges or parametric curves in the ambient space, these methods often suffer from numerical instability or inaccuracy due to the projection operation. Another natural strategy is to adapt spline based tools, these methods are quite fast but are hard to be extended to more versatile constraints and need heavy manual interactions. In this paper, we present an efficient and versatile approach to curve design based on an implicit representation known as the level set. While previous works have explored the use of the level set to generate curves with minimal length, they typically have limitations in accommodating additional conditions for rich and robust control. To address these challenges, we formulate curve editing with constraints like smoothness, interpolation, tangent control, etc., via a level set based variational problem by constraining the values or derivatives of the level set function. However, the widely used gradient flow strategy converges very slowly for this complicated variational problem compared to the classical geodesic one. Thus, we propose to solve it via Newton's method enhanced by local Hessian correction and a trust-region strategy. As a result, our method not only enables versatile control, but also excels in terms of performance due to nearly quadratic convergence and almost linear complexity in each iteration via narrow band acceleration. In practice, these advantages effectively benefit various applications, such as interactive curve manipulation, boundary smoothing for surface segmentation and path planning with obstacles as demonstrated.

Analysis of the causal relationship between gut microbiota and bone remodeling growth factor from the gene association.

BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence indicates a close association between the gut microbiota (GM) and the bone remodeling (BR) process, raising suspicions that the GM may actively participate in BR by modulating the levels of growth factors. However, the precise causal relationship between them remains unclear. Due to many confounding factors, many microorganisms related to BR growth factors have not been identified. We aimed to elucidate the causal relationship between the GM and BR growth factors. METHODS: We evaluated the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for GM and five common growth factors associated with BR: namely, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), transforming growth factors(TGF), insulin growth factors (IGFs), epidermal growth factors (EGFs), and fibroblast growth factors (FGF). The causal relationship between the GM and BR growth factors was studied by double-sample Mendelian randomized analysis. We used five Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, including inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, simple mode, weighted median, and weighted model methods. RESULTS: Through MR analysis, a total of 56 bacterial genera were co-identified as associated with BMP, TGF, IGF, EGF, and FGF. Among them, eight genera were found to have a causal relationship with multiple growth factors: Marvinbryantia was causally associated with BMP-6 (P = 0.018, OR = 1.355) and TGF-ß2 (P = 0.002, OR = 1.475); Lachnoclostridium, BMP-7 (P = 0.021, OR = 0.73) and IGF-1 (P = 0.046, OR = 0.804); Terrisporobacter, TGF-ß (P = 0.02, OR = 1.726) and FGF-23 levels (P = 0.016, OR = 1.76); Ruminiclostridium5, TGF-ß levels (P = 0.024, OR = 0.525) and FGFR-2 (P = 0.003, OR = 0.681); Erysipelatoclostridium, TGF-ß2 (P = 0.001, OR = 0.739) and EGF and its receptor (EGFR) (P = 0.012, OR = 0.795); Eubacterium_brachy_group, FGFR-2 (P = 0.045, OR = 1.153) and EGF (P = 0.013, OR = 0.7); Prevotella9 with EGFR (P = 0.022, OR = 0.818) and FGFR-2 (P = 0.011, OR = 1.233) and Faecalibacterium with FGF-23 (P = 0.02, OR = 2.053) and IGF-1 (P = 0.005, OR = 0.843). CONCLUSION: We confirmed the causal relationship between the GM and growth factors related to BR, which provides a new perspective for the study of BR, through targeted regulation of specific bacteria to prevent and treat diseases and growth factor-mediated BR disorders.

Accuracy of dental implant placement using different dynamic navigation and robotic systems: an in vitro study.

Computer-aided implant surgery has undergone continuous development in recent years. In this study, active and passive systems of dynamic navigation were divided into active dynamic navigation system group and passive dynamic navigation system group (ADG and PDG), respectively. Active, passive and semi-active implant robots were divided into active robot group, passive robot group and semi-active robot group (ARG, PRG and SRG), respectively. Each group placed two implants (FDI tooth positions 31 and 36) in a model 12 times. The accuracy of 216 implants in 108 models were analysed. The coronal deviations of ADG, PDG, ARG, PRG and SRG were 0.85 ± 0.17 mm, 1.05 ± 0.42 mm, 0.29 ± 0.15 mm, 0.40 ± 0.16 mm and 0.33 ± 0.14 mm, respectively. The apical deviations of the five groups were 1.11 ± 0.23 mm, 1.07 ± 0.38 mm, 0.29 ± 0.15 mm, 0.50 ± 0.19 mm and 0.36 ± 0.16 mm, respectively. The axial deviations of the five groups were 1.78 ± 0.73°, 1.99 ± 1.20°, 0.61 ± 0.25°, 1.04 ± 0.37° and 0.42 ± 0.18°, respectively. The coronal, apical and axial deviations of ADG were higher than those of ARG, PRG and SRG (all P < 0.001). Similarly, the coronal, apical and axial deviations of PDG were higher than those of ARG, PRG, and SRG (all P < 0.001). Dynamic and robotic computer-aided implant surgery may show good implant accuracy in vitro. However, the accuracy and stability of implant robots are higher than those of dynamic navigation systems.

Assessing the Effectiveness of eHealth Interventions to Manage Multiple Lifestyle Risk Behaviors Among Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Developing adverse lifestyle behaviors increases the risk of a variety of chronic age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, and Alzheimer disease. There is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of eHealth-based multiple health behavior change (MHBC) interventions to manage lifestyle risk behaviors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic evaluation was to assess the effectiveness of eHealth MHBC interventions in changing ≥2 major lifestyle risk behaviors in people aged ≥50 years. METHODS: The literature search was conducted in 6 electronic databases-PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus-from inception to May 1, 2024. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of eHealth interventions targeting ≥2 of 6 behaviors of interest: alcohol use, smoking, diet, physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep. RESULTS: A total of 34 articles with 35 studies were included. eHealth-based MHBC interventions significantly increased smoking cessation rates (odds ratio 2.09, 95% CI 1.62-2.70; P<.001), fruit intake (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.32; P=.01), vegetable intake (SMD 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.28; P=.003), self-reported total PA (SMD 0.22, 95% CI 0.02-0.43; P=.03), and objectively measured moderate to vigorous PA (SMD 0.25, 95% CI 0.09-0.41; P=.002); in addition, the interventions decreased fat intake (SMD -0.23, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.13; P<.001). No effects were observed for alcohol use, sedentary behavior, or sleep. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the pooled results. Moreover, the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) framework. CONCLUSIONS: eHealth-based MHBC interventions may be a promising strategy to increase PA, improve diet, and reduce smoking among older adults. However, the effect sizes were small. Further high-quality, older adult-oriented research is needed to develop eHealth interventions that can change multiple behaviors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42023444418; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023444418.

Accurately recognizing chromium species with multi-functionalized nano Au-based sensor array.

High-resolution identification of chromium (Cr) species, especially various organic-Cr complexes, in a convenient and economically-feasible manner is the prerequisite for achieving the advanced treatment of chromium wastewater. To this end, a colorimetric nano-Au sensor array was developed by taking advantage of the UV-spectra shift of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) upon interaction with Cr species; specifically, four molecular modifiers [i.e., iminodiacetic acid (IDA), tripolyphosphate (TPP), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and 1,5-diphenylcarbazide (DPC)] were intentionally employed for assembling nano-Au array receptors, which showed respective responses toward different Cr species through the formation of coordination, hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic attraction, and redox reaction, respectively; the "fingerprint" differences of the unique optical properties were then integrated for semi-quantitatively recognizing Cr species by pattern recognition techniques. Eleven ubiquitous Cr species [i.e., Cr(III), Cr(VI), and various Cr(III)-organic complexes] served as the model samples, which could be sensitively identified, no matter in individual or mixture mode, by the developed nano-Au sensor array on the basis of the colorimetric responses resulted from diverse nano-Au-aggregation behaviors, with excellent anti-interference ability in the simulated or actual water scenario. Attractively, the nano-Au sensor array can achieve very sensitive detection limit of the quantitative analyses of Cr species in a prompt in-situ manner, which usually requires a two-step process of separation and detection for the conventional analytical methods. Such a convenient strategy of Cr species discrimination conduces to rationally designing specific protocols for the advanced treatment of chromium wastewater.