Lnc557 promotes Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus replication by interacting with BmELAVL1 to enhance its stability and expression.

Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a major pathogen that threatens the growth and sustainability of the sericultural industry. Currently, accumulated studies showed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the genesis and progression of various viruses and host-pathogens interactions. However, the functions and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in insect-virus interaction are still limited. In this study, transcriptome sequencing and ribosome profiling sequencing (Ribo-seq) were performed in the BmNPV-infected midgut and control tissue, and a total of 9 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 27 small ORFs (sORFs) with micropeptide coding potential were identified. Among them, lncRNA XR_001139971.3 (lnc557) is verified to be significantly up-regulated upon BmNPV infection and may have the potential to encode a small peptide (ORF-674). The subcellular localization experiment showed that lnc557 was expressed in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of lnc557 promotes BmNPV replication and vice versa. By combining RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry, protein truncation and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, we confirmed that lnc557 can bind to the RRM-5 domain of BmELAVL1 protein. Subsequently, we found that lnc557 could promote the expression of BmELAVL1 by enhancing the stability of BmELAVL1. Further, enhancing the expression of BmELAVL1 can promote the proliferation of BmNPV, while knockdown shows the opposite effect. Our data suggest that lnc557-mediated BmELAVL1 expression enhancement could play a positive role in BmNPV replication, which will provide a new insight into the molecular mechanism of interaction between Bombyx mori and virus.

Monitoring of trace oxytetracycline using a porphyrin-MOF layer-based electrochemical aptasensor.

A two-dimensional porphyrin-MOF nanolayer was developed to construct an electrochemical aptasensor for monitoring oxytetracycline from 0.01 pg mL-1 to 0.1 ng mL-1. This aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity, outstanding selectivity, good stability, fine reproducibility, and quantitative detection ability in real samples.

Zinc finger protein 180 induces an apoptotic phenotype by activating METTL14 transcriptional activity in colorectal cancer.

Zinc finger protein 180 (ZNF180) is a multifunctional protein that interacts with nucleic acids and regulates various cellular processes; however, the function of ZNF180 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The present study investigated the role and function of ZNF180 in CRC, and aimed to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism. The results revealed that ZNF180 was downregulated in CRC tissues and was associated with a good prognosis in patients with CRC. Additionally, the expression of ZNF180 was downregulated by methylation in CRC. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that ZNF180 overexpression was functionally associated with the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis. Mechanistically, chromatin immunoprecipitation­PCR and luciferase assays demonstrated that ZNF180 markedly regulated the transcriptional activity of methyltransferase 14, N6­adenosine­methyltransferase non­catalytic subunit (METTL14) by directly binding to and activating its promoter region. Simultaneous overexpression of ZNF180 and knockdown of METTL14 indicated that the reduction of METTL14 could suppress the effects of ZNF180 on the induction of apoptosis. Clinically, the present study observed a significant positive correlation between ZNF180 and METTL14 expression levels, and low expression of ZNF180 and METTL14 predicted a poor prognosis in CRC. Overall, these findings revealed a novel mechanism by which the ZNF180/METTL14 axis may modulate apoptosis and cell proliferation in CRC. This evidence suggests that this axis may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with CRC.

Seasonal dynamics of the microbiota and nutritional composition in bee bread from Apis cerana and Apis mellifera colonies.

Bee bread is a product of honeybees, which collect and ferment pollen, that contains highly nutritious and easily digestible active substances. However, its nutritional composition varies significantly with fermentation strains and seasonal changes. To unveil the patterns of microbial community and nutritional component changes in bee bread across seasons, we employed high-throughput techniques to assess the diversity of bacteria and fungi in bee bread. The results indicated that the compositions of bacteria and fungi in bee bread undergo significant seasonal variation, with noticeable changes in the microbial diversity of bee bread from different bee species. Subsequently, metabolomic analysis revealed high activity of glycerophospholipid metabolism in bee bread. Furthermore, our analysis identifaied noteworthy differences in nutritional components, including pH values, sugar content, and free amino acid levels, in bee bread across different seasons.

Predictive Ability of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist, Hypertriglyceridemic Waist-to-Height Ratio, and Waist-to-Hip Ratio for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Clustering Screening among Chinese Children and Adolescents.

Objective: Hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW), hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio (HWHtR), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) have been shown to be indicators of cardiometabolic risk factors. However, it is not clear which indicator is more suitable for children and adolescents. We aimed to investigate the relationship between HW, HWHtR, WHR, and cardiovascular risk factors clustering to determine the best screening tools for cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. Methods: This was a national cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were assessed in approximately 70,000 participants aged 6-18 years from seven provinces in China. Demographics, physical activity, dietary intake, and family history of chronic diseases were obtained through questionnaires. ANOVA, χ 2 and logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: A significant sex difference was observed for HWHtR and WHR, but not for HW phenotype. The risk of cardiometabolic health risk factor clustering with HW phenotype or the HWHtR phenotype was significantly higher than that with the non-HW or non-HWHtR phenotypes among children and adolescents (HW: OR = 12.22, 95% CI: 9.54-15.67; HWHtR: OR = 9.70, 95% CI: 6.93-13.58). Compared with the HW and HWHtR phenotypes, the association between risk of cardiometabolic health risk factors (CHRF) clustering and high WHR was much weaker and not significant (WHR: OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.97-1.34). Conclusion: Compared with HWHtR and WHR, the HW phenotype is a more convenient indicator withhigher applicability to screen children and adolescents for cardiovascular risk factors.

A visceral organ function-focused therapeutic strategy using a 6-hour time window for patients with acute type a aortic dissection complicated by mesenteric malperfusion.

BACKGROUND: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) complicated by mesenteric malperfusion is a critical and complicated condition. The optimal treatment strategy remains controversial, debate exists as to whether aortic dissection or mesenteric malperfusion should be addressed first, and the exact time window for mesenteric ischemia intervention is still unclear. To solve this problem, we developed a new concept based on the pathophysiological mechanism of mesenteric ischemia, using a 6-hour time window to divide newly admitted patients by the time from onset to admission, applying different treatment protocols to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with ATAAD complicated by mesenteric malperfusion. METHODS: This was a retrospective study that covered a five-year period. From July 2018 to December 2020(phase I), all patients underwent emergency open surgery. From January 2021 to June 2023(phase II), patients with an onset within 6 h all underwent open surgical repair, followed by immediately postoperative examination if the malperfusion is suspected, while the restoration of mesenteric perfusion and visceral organ function was performed first, followed by open repair, in patients with an onset beyond 6 h. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in baseline and surgical data. In phase I, eleven patients with mesenteric malperfusion underwent open surgery, while in phase II, our novel strategy was applied, with sixteen patients with an onset greater than 6 h and eleven patients with an onset less than 6 h. During the waiting period, none died of aortic rupture, but four patients died of organ failure, twelve patients had organ function improvement and underwent surgery successfully survived. The overall mortality rate decreased with the use of this novel strategy (54.55% vs. 18.52%, p = 0.047). Furthermore, the surgical mortality rate between the two periods showed even stronger statistical significance (54.55% vs. 4.35%, p = 0.022). Moreover, the proportions of patients with sepsis and multiorgan failure also showed differences. CONCLUSIONS: Our novel strategy for patients with ATAAD complicated by mesenteric malperfusion not only improves the surgical success rate but also reduces the overall mortality rate.

Effects of loose combined cutting seton surgery on wound healing and pain in patients with high anal fistula: A meta-analysis.

A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of loose combined cutting seton surgery on wound healing and pain in patients with high anal fistula, aiming to provide evidence-based medical evidence for surgical method selection for these patients. A comprehensive computerized search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was conducted to collect all relevant studies published up to November 2023, evaluating the effects of loose combined cutting seton surgery in treating patients with high anal fistulas. Two researchers independently screened, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the identified studies. RevMan 5.4 software was employed for data analysis. Overall, 16 articles were included, comprising 1124 patients, with 567 undergoing loose combined cutting seton surgery and 557 undergoing simple cutting seton surgery. The analysis revealed patients undergoing loose combined cutting seton surgery had a higher rate of postoperative wound healing (97.44% vs. 81.69%, odds ratio [OR]: 7.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.29-13.10, p < 0.00001), shorter wound healing time (standardized mean differences [SMD]: -1.48, 95% CI: -1.89 to -1.08, p < 0.00001), lower postoperative wound pain scores (SMD: -2.51, 95% CI: -3.51 to -1.51, p < 0.00001), and a lower rate of postoperative complications (3.43% vs. 20.83%, OR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.05-0.31, p < 0.00001). The current evidence suggests that compared to simple cutting seton surgery, loose combined cutting seton surgery in treating high anal fistulas can promote postoperative wound healing, shorten wound healing time, alleviate pain, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, making it a worthy clinical practice for widespread application.

The Evolution of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Journey from Past to Present.

Lumbar interbody fusion procedures have seen a significant evolution over the years, with various approaches being developed to address spinal pathologies and instability, including posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), and lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF). LLIF, a pivotal technique in the field, initially emerged as extreme/direct lateral interbody fusion (XLIF/DLIF) before the development of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF). To ensure comprehensive circumferential stability, LLIF procedures are often combined with posterior stabilization (PS) using pedicle screws. However, achieving this required repositioning of the patient during the surgical procedure. The advent of single-position surgery (SPS) has revolutionized the procedure by eliminating the need for patient repositioning. With SPS, LLIF along with PS can be performed either in the lateral or prone position, resulting in significantly reduced operative time. Ongoing research endeavors are dedicated to further enhancing LLIF procedures making them even safer and easier. Notably, the integration of robotic technology into SPS has emerged as a game-changer, simplifying surgical processes and positioning itself as a vital asset for the future of spinal fusion surgery. This literature review aims to provide a succinct summary of the evolutionary trajectory of lumbar interbody fusion techniques, with a specific emphasis on its recent advancements.

The potential of Paeonia lactiflora pall seeds oil as a pure natural cosmetics raw material: In Vitro findings.

BACKGROUND: As a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Paeonia lactiflora Pall is rich in various active ingredients such as polysaccharides and total flavonoids while having ornamental value. It has potential application value in the development of food and cosmetics. OBJECTIVE: To study the in vitro efficacy of Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil. METHODS: Firstly, the levels of linolenic acid and linoleic acid in Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil were quantified using gas chromatography. The impact of Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil on the proliferation rate of B16F10 cells was assessed through the CCK-8 method, while the melanin content of B16F10 cells was determined using the sodium hydroxide lysis method. The inhibitory effects of Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil on elastase, collagenase and hyaluronidase were evaluated by biochemical techniques in vitro. Lastly, the hen's egg chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM) was conducted to confirm the absence of eye irritation caused by Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil. RESULTS: Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil within a certain volume concentration range (0.5%-4%) had no effect on the proliferation of B16F10 cells. Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil showed significant inhibition of elastase, collagenase and hyaluronidase. Notably, the highest concentration tested, 4% Paeonia lactiflora Pall seed oil, yielded the most pronounced outcomes without causing any irritation. CONCLUSION: A certain concentration of Paeonia lactiflora Pall seeds oil has a significant effect on decreasing the melanin content in B16F10 cells and inhibiting the activities of elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase, which can provide a reference for the development of pure natural cosmetics raw materials.

Prevalence of osteoporosis among patients after stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of osteoporosis in post stem cell transplantation (SCT) is poorly defined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with hematologic diseases who underwent SCT. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched (from inception to 30th April 2023) using Medical Subject Headlines to find studies that assessed the prevalence of osteoporosis among post SCT. Thirteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence rates of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and decreased bone mineral density (BMD) were determined to be 14.2% (95% CI 9.7-18.8), 36.0% (95% CI 23.8-48.2), and 47.8% (95% CI 36.6-58.9), respectively. Substantial heterogeneity was observed among the included studies (I² values ranged from 81% to 99%). Subgroup analyses revealed variations in prevalence based on gender, follow-up duration, age, region, sample size, and study quality. These findings suggest a high prevalence of osteoporosis in post-SCT patients. Given the negative impact of osteoporosis on prognosis and recipient survival, clinicians should prioritize preventive measures, early diagnosis, and effective treatments to minimize its impact.

Glyphosate exposure affected longevity-related pathways and reduced survival in asian honey bees (Apis cerana).

Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, GLY) ranks among the most extensively used and effective herbicides globally. However, excessive GLY utilization poses a substantial threat to the survival of honey bees (Apis cerana). Here we monitored the survival status of A. cerana treated with GLY, and conducted transcriptome sequencing of the bee gut and head to further explore potential GLY influences at the molecular level. We observed that the mortality rate of bees increased as GLY concentration escalated. Pivotal pathways emerged in response to the GLY treatment, with a substantial number of differentially expressed genes enriched in the longevity regulating pathway - multiple species. This strongly suggested that GLY may influence the physiological behavior of bees by impacting this particular pathway. Moreover, our analysis revealed a notable reduction in the enzymatic activities of CYP450 and AChE in both the bee head and intestines of when exposed to GLY. Conversely, the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the head remained unaffected, whereas in the intestines, it exhibited a significant increase. Additionally, prophenol oxidase (PPO) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) displayed contrasting trends in enzymatic activity in both organs. This study offers valuable insights into how GLY impacted the survival of A. cerana.

Hypothyroidism reduces the risk of lung cancer through oxidative stress response and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway: An RNA-seq and Mendelian randomization study.

Hypothyroidism has been suggested to play a role in tumor progression. However, the causal association between hypothyroidism and lung cancer remains unknow. To elucidate the potential association between hypothyroidism and lung cancer risk, we employ a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. MR was performed to analyze pooled data from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (11,348 cases and 15,861 controls; European ancestry) to determine the causal relationship between hypothyroidism and lung cancer. We used 36, 83, and 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables for hypothyroidism/myxoedema, hypothyroidism, and exercise, respectively. We further investigated the mechanisms involved in transcriptome analysis using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression database. We conducted an initial validation of intermediary factor using a two-step MR analysis. Genetically predicted hypothyroidism was significantly related to the risk of overall lung cancer, specifically the risk of lung squamous cell cancer (LSCC) but not with the risk of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) as assessed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVM) method. A similar causal association was found between hypothyroidism/myxoedema and the risk of lung cancer, LSCC, and LUAD. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes associated with hypothyroidism, lung cancer, and LSCC were enriched in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and oxidative stress response. However, genes related to hypothyroidism and LUAD did not exhibit enrichment in these pathways. Hypothyroidism was significantly associated with strenuous sports or other exercises. Moreover, genetically predicted exercise was significantly related to the risk of overall lung cancer, and LSCC, but not LUAD. We detected no horizontal pleiotropy using the MR-PRESSO and MR Egger regression intercept. Hypothyroidism was causally associated with a lower risk of lung cancer, and these effects might be mediated by the oxidative stress response and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, our study suggests that the potential factors and viable etiologies of hypothyroidism that contributed to lung cancer risk deserve further investigation.

[Comparative study of the effects of intramedullary nail fixation and minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation technique on platelet activation and serum transforming growth factor-ß1(TGF-ß) 1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in patients with tibial and fibular fracture].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of intramedullary nail fixation (IMN) and minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation (MIPPO) techniques on tibiofibular fractures and their effect on platelet activation and serum transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). METHODS: Total of 105 patients with tibiofibular fractures from February 2019 to February 2020 were selected and divided into 53 cases in the MIPPO group and 52 cases in the IMN group. There were 29 males and 24 females with an average age of (41.74±6.05) years old in MIPPO group;in IMN group, 31 males and 21 females with an average age of (40.59±5.26) years old. The perioperative surgical indexes, postoperative complications, ankle function recovery at 12 months postoperatively, platelet activation indexes at 3 and 7 days preoperatively and postoperatively, and serum TGF-ß1 and BMP-2 levels at 4 and 8 weeks preoperatively and postoperatively were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The operating time and fracture healing time in the MIPPO group were shorter than those in the IMN group(P<0.05); Compared with the preoperative period, the levels of GMP-140, PAC-1, CD63, and CD61 increased in both groups at 3 and 7 days after surgery, but were lower in the MIPPO group than in the IMN group(P<0.05);the levels of serum TGF-ß1 and BMP-2 increased in both groups at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery compared with the preoperative period, and the postoperative complication rate in the MIPPO group was lower than that in the IMN group(P<0.05);the difference was not statistically significant in the excellent rate of ankle function recovery at 12 months follow-up after surgery between two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Both intramedullary nail fixation and MIPO technique for treatment of tibia and fibula fractures can improve ankle joint function, but the latter has the advantages of short operation time, fast fracture healing, fewer complications, and light platelet activation. Serum TGF-ß1, BMP-2 level improves quickly.

Astragaloside IV restrains pyroptosis and fibrotic development of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells to ameliorate pulmonary artery hypertension through the PHD2/HIF1α signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: Astragaloside (AS)-IV, extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus mongholicus, has been widely used in the anti-inflammatory treatment for cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism by which AS-IV affects pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) development remains largely unknown. METHODS: Monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH model rats were administered with AS-IV, and hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were performed to evaluate the histological change in pulmonary tissues of rats. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were treated by hypoxia and AS-IV. Pyroptosis and fibrosis were assessed by immunofluorescence, western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: AS-IV treatment alleviated pulmonary artery structural remodeling and pulmonary hypertension progression induced by MCT in rats. AS-IV suppressed the expression of pyroptosis-related markers, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1ß and IL-18 and fibrosis development in pulmonary tissues of PAH rats and in hypoxic PAMSCs. Interestingly, the expression of prolyl-4-hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) was restored by AS-IV administration in PAH model in vivo and in vitro, while hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) was restrained by AS-IV. Mechanistically, silencing PHD2 reversed the inhibitory effect of AS-IV on pyroptosis, fibrosis trend and pyroptotic necrosis in hypoxia-cultured PASMCs, while the HIF1α inhibitor could prevent these PAH-like phenomena. CONCLUSION: Collectively, AS-IV elevates PHD2 expression to alleviate pyroptosis and fibrosis development during PAH through downregulating HIF1α. These findings may provide a better understanding of AS-IV preventing PAH, and the PHD2/HIF1α axis may be a potential anti-pyroptosis target during PAH.

Gut microbiota-driven regulation of queen bee ovarian metabolism.

With the global prevalence of Varroa mites, more and more beekeepers resort to confining the queen bee in a queen cage to control mite infestation or to breed superior and robust queen bees. However, the impact of such practices on the queen bee remains largely unknown. Therefore, we subjected the queen bees to a 21-day egg-laying restriction treatment (from the egg stage to the emergence of adult worker bees) and analyzed the queen bees' ovarian metabolites and gut microbiota after 21 days, aiming to assess the queen bees' quality and assist beekeepers in better hive management. Our findings revealed a significant reduction in the relative expression levels of Vg and Hex110 genes in the ovaries of egg laying-restricted queen bees compared to unrestricted egg-laying queens. The diversity of gut microbiota in the queen bee exhibited a notable decrease, accompanied by corresponding changes in the core bacteria of the microbial community, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased from 22.34% to 53.14% (P = 0.01) and from 0.053% to 0.580% (P = 0.04), respectively. The relative abundance of Bombella decreased from 25.85% to 1.720% (P = 0.002). Following egg-laying restriction, the activity of the queen bee's ovaries decreased, while the metabolism of glycerophospholipids remained or stored more lipid molecules, awaiting environmental changes for the queen bee to resume egg laying promptly. Furthermore, we observed that Bombella in the queen bee's gut may regulate the queen's ovarian metabolism through tryptophan metabolism. These findings provide novel insights into the interplay among queen egg laying, gut microbiota, and ovarian metabolism. IMPORTANCE With Varroa mite infestation, beekeepers often confine the queen bee in cages for control or breeding. However, the impact on the queen bee is largely unknown. We evaluated queen bee quality by restricting egg laying and analyzing ovarian metabolites and gut microbiota. In this study, we provided a comprehensive explanation of the expression of ovarian genes, the diversity of gut microbiota, and changes in ovarian metabolism in the queen bee. Through integrated analysis of the queen bee's gut microbiota and ovarian metabolism, we discovered that the gut microbiota can regulate the queen bee's ovarian metabolism. These findings provide valuable insights into the interplay among egg laying, gut microbiota, and the reproductive health of the queen bee. Understanding these relationships can contribute to the development of better strategies for Varroa mite control and queen bee breeding.

Congenital thrombophilia in East-Asian venous thromboembolism population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Various inherited traits contribute to the overall risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In addition, the epidemiology of thrombophilia in the East-Asian VTE population remains unclear; thus, we aimed to assess the proportion of hereditary thrombophilia via a meta-analysis. Methods: Publications from PubMed, EMBASE, web of science, and Cochrane before December 30, 2022, were searched. Studies from Japan, Korea, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, and Cambodia were included. Congenital thrombophilia was described as diseases including protein C (PC) deficiency, protein S (PS) deficiency, antithrombin (AT) deficiency, factor (F)V Leiden (FVL), and prothrombin G20210A mutations. Studies were selected by 2 reviewers for methodological quality analysis. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis, assuming that estimated effects in the different studies are not identical. Results: Forty-four studies involving 6453 patients from 7 counties/regions were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of PC, PS, and AT deficiencies were 7.1%, 8.3%, and 3.8%, respectively. Among 2924 patients from 22 studies, 5 patients were carriers of FVL mutation. Among 2196 patients from 10 studies, 2 patients were carriers of prothrombin G20210A mutation in a Thailand study. Conclusion: The prevalence of PC, PS, and AT deficiencies was relatively high, while a much lower prevalence of FVL and prothrombin G20210A mutations were identified in East-Asian patients with VTE. Our data stress the relative higher prevalence of PC, PS, and AT deficiencies for thrombophilia in the East-Asian VTE population.

Heart Rate Response Predicts 6-Minutes Walking Distance in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Because the 6-minute walking test (6MWT) is a self-paced submaximal test, the 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) is substantially influenced by individual effort level and physical condition, which is difficult to quantify. We aimed to explore the optimal indicator reflecting the perceived effort level during 6MWT. We prospectively enrolled 76 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and 152 healthy participants; they performed 2 6MWTs at 2 different speeds: (1) at leisurely speed, as performed in daily life without extra effort (leisure 6MWT) and (2) an increased walking speed, walking as the guideline indicated (standard 6MWT). The factors associated with 6MWD during standard 6MWT were investigated using a multiple linear regression analysis. The heart rate (HR) and Borg score increased and oxygen saturation (SpO2) decreased after walking in 2 6MWTs in both groups (all p <0.001). The ratio of difference in HR before and after each test (ΔHR) to HR before walking (HRat rest) and the difference in SpO2 (ΔSpO2) and Borg (ΔBorg) before and after each test were all significantly higher in both groups after standard 6MWT than after leisure 6MWT (all p <0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that ΔHR/HRat rest was an independent predictor of 6MWD during standard 6MWT in both groups (both p <0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.737 and 0.49, respectively). 6MWD and ΔHR/HRat rest were significantly lower in patients than in healthy participants (both p <0.001) and in patients with cardiac functional class III than in patients with class I/II (both p <0.001). In conclusion, ΔHR/HRat rest is a good reflector of combined physical and effort factors. HR response should be incorporated into 6MWD to better assess a participant's exercise capacity.

Machine learning-assisted analysis of epithelial mesenchymal transition pathway for prognostic stratification and immune infiltration assessment in ovarian cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy, and serous ovarian cancer (SOC) is one of the more important pathological subtypes. Previous studies have reported a significant association of epithelial tomesenchymal transition (EMT) with invasive metastasis and immune modulation of SOC, however, there is a lack of prognostic and immune infiltration biomarkers reported for SOC based on EMT. Methods: Gene expression data for ovarian cancer and corresponding patient clinical data were collected from the TCGA database and the GEO database, and cell type annotation and spatial expression analysis were performed on single cell sequencing data from the GEO database. To understand the cell type distribution of EMT-related genes in SOC single-cell data and the enrichment relationships of biological pathways and tumour functions. In addition, GO functional annotation analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on mRNAs predominantly expressed with EMT to predict the biological function of EMT in ovarian cancer. The major differential genes of EMT were screened to construct a prognostic risk prediction model for SOC patients. Data from 173 SOC patient samples obtained from the GSE53963 database were used to validate the prognostic risk prediction model for ovarian cancer. Here we also analysed the direct association between SOC immune infiltration and immune cell modulation and EMT risk score. and calculate drug sensitivity scores in the GDSC database.In addition, we assessed the specific relationship between GAS1 gene and SOC cell lines. Results: Single cell transcriptome analysis in the GEO database annotated the major cell types of SOC samples, including: T cell, Myeloid, Epithelial cell, Fibroblast, Endothelial cell, and Bcell. cellchat revealed several cell type interactions that were shown to be associated with EMT-mediated SOC invasion and metastasis. A prognostic stratification model for SOC was constructed based on EMT-related differential genes, and the Kapan-Meier test showed that this biomarker had significant prognostic stratification value for several independent SOC databases. The EMT risk score has good stratification and identification properties for drug sensitivity in the GDSC database. Conclusions: This study constructed a prognostic stratification biomarker based on EMT-related risk genes for immune infiltration mechanisms and drug sensitivity analysis studies in SOC. This lays the foundation for in-depth clinical studies on the role of EMT in immune regulation and related pathway alterations in SOC. It is also hoped to provide effective potential solutions for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of ovarian cancer.

Percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty for Takayasu arteritis-associated pulmonary hypertension: A single-arm meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty (PTPA) for Takayasu arteritis-associated pulmonary hypertension (TA-PH) remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy and safety of PTPA in TA-PH. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Library were searched from inception to August 18, 2022, for articles investigating the efficacy and safety of PTPA for TA-PH. The primary efficacy outcomes were pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) changes from baseline to re-evaluation and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD). The safety outcome was procedure-related complications. RESULTS: Five articles comprising 104 patients with TA-PH who underwent PTPA were included. The scores of article quality, as assessed using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies tool, were high, ranging from 13 to 15 points. The pooled treatment effects of PVR (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -4.8 WU; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -6.0 to -3.5 WU; I2 = 0.0%), 6MWD (WMD: 101.9 m; 95% CI: 60.3-143.6 m; I2 = 70.4%) significantly improved. Procedure-related complications, which predominantly present as pulmonary artery injury and pulmonary injury, occurred in 32.0% of the included patients. Periprocedural death occurred in one patient (1.0%, 1/100). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with TA-PH could benefit from PTPA in terms of hemodynamics and exercise tolerance, at the expense of procedure-related complications. PTPA should be encouraged to enhance the treatment response in TA-PH. These findings need to be confirmed by further studies, ideally, randomized controlled trials. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022354087.