Corrigendum to 'Injectable and high-strength PLGA/CPC loaded ALN/MgO bone cement for bone regeneration by facilitating osteogenesis and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis in osteoporotic bone defects' [Mater. Today Bio 26, June 2024, 101092].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101092.].

Application of association rules and simulated annealing algorithms in optimizing traditional Chinese medicine placement schemes.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: China has used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat diseases for more than 2000 years. Traditionally, TCMs in medicine cabinets are arranged alphabetically or on the basis of experience, but this arrangement greatly affects dispensing efficiency. However, owing to the unique properties and qualities of TCM, very few automatic approaches or systems have specifically addressed TCM dispensing problems. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a method of optimizing the traditional Chinese medicine placement scheme (TCMPS) via computer algorithms to improve the work efficiency of pharmacists. METHODS: A prescription dataset from a hospital in 2022 was obtained, and the association rule algorithm (ARA) was used to calculate the frequency of use for each type of TCM and the associations between different types of TCMs. On the basis of these association and frequency data, the optimal TCMPS was calculated using the simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) and then verified using the prescription dataset from 2023. RESULTS: A total of 10,601 prescriptions were collected in 2022, involving 360 different TCMs, and each prescription contained an average of 9.485 TCMs, with Danggui (3628) being the most frequently used. When the threshold of support was set to 0.05 and the confidence was set to 0.8, 78 couplet medicines used in orthopedics clinics were found through ARA. When the threshold value of support was set to 0, the confidence was set to 0, and the rule length was 2, a total of 129,240 rules were obtained, indicating support between all pairwise TCMs. The TCMPS, calculated using SAA, had a correlation sum of 14.183 and a distance sum of 3.292. The TCMPS was verified using a prescription dataset from 2023 and theoretically improved the dispensing efficiency of pharmacists by approximately 50%. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the ARA and SAA were successfully applied to pharmacies for the first time, and the optimal TCMPS was calculated. This approach not only significantly improves the dispensing efficiency of pharmacists and reduces patient waiting time but also enhances the quality of medical services and patient satisfaction, and provides a valuable reference for the development of smart medicine.

Anisodamine (654-1/654-2) ameliorates septic kidney injury in rats by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis.

Introduction: To investigate the protective effects of anisodamine (654-1/654-2) against acute kidney injury (AKI) in LPS-induced septic shock rats and explore its molecular mechanisms. Methods: 56 rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: control, LPS, LPS + 654-1, and LPS + 654-2 (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg). The model was evaluated by monitoring MAP, HR, and plasma LD levels. ELISA and biochemical assay kits were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α) and kidney injury markers (BUN and CRE). Additionally, RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis were performed to explore the mechanism of action of 654-1/654-2, and verification was conducted by western blotting and RT-PCR. Results: 654-1/654-2 significantly restored the levels of MAP, HR, and plasma LD in septic shock rats. Furthermore, 654-1/654-2 (5 mg/kg) effectively ameliorated LPS-induced kidney structural damage and exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in levels of inflammatory cytokines and kidney injury markers. In addition, RNA-seq, WB, and RT-PCR analyses revealed that 654-1/654-2 exerted its effects by inhibiting the expressions of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways and activating the Pi3K/Akt/Bcl-2 signaling pathway, thereby mitigating AKI. Discussion: This study suggested that 654-1/654-2 could alleviate AKI in septic shock rats by improving inflammation invasion and cell apoptosis. Notably, 654-1/654-2 collectively suppressed inflammation response through the p38/JNK/AP-1/NF-κB pathway. Additionally, 654-1 promotes survival signaling via the Pi3K/Akt/Bcl-2 pathway, whereas 654-2 reduces apoptosis through the P53/Bax pathway. These findings provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of 654-1/654-2 in treating organ damage caused by septic shock.

A case of visual impairment due to HHV-6 encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in childhood acute myeloid leukemia-M2 subtype.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a crucial treatment option for children with M2 subtype acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) encephalitis following transplantation is a rare postoperative complication, with a poor prognosis and a high fatality rate in allo-HSCT recipients. In this report, a juvenile patient with AMLwas successfully treated after developing visual impairment as a result of HHV-6B encephalitis during allo-HSCT therapy. HHV-6 encephalitis-associated visual impairment after transplantation is rare, and clinical diagnosis and treatment are challenging, requiring more attention in the future.

Noncoding Vault RNA1-1 Impairs Intestinal Epithelial Renewal and Barrier Function by Interacting with CUG-binding Protein 1.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Small noncoding vault RNAs (vtRNAs) are involved in many cell processes important for health and disease, but their pathobiological functions in the intestinal epithelium are underexplored. Here, we investigated the role of human vtRNA1-1 in regulating intestinal epithelial renewal and barrier function. METHODS: Studies were conducted in vtRNA1-1 transgenic (vtRNA1-1Tg) mice, primary enterocytes, and Caco-2 cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from the serum of shock patients and septic mice. Intestinal organoids (enteroids) were prepared from vtRNA1-1Tg and littermate mice. Mucosal growth was measured by Ki67 immunostaining or BrdU incorporation, and gut permeability assessed using the FITC-dextran assay. RESULTS: Intestinal tissues recovered from shock patients and septic mice evidenced mucosal injury and gut barrier dysfunction; vtRNA levels were elevated in EVs isolated from their sera. In mice, intestinal epithelial-specific transgenic expression of vtRNA1-1 inhibited mucosal growth, reduced Paneth cell numbers and intercellular junction (IJ) protein expression, and increased gut barrier vulnerability to lipopolysaccharide exposure. Conversely, in vitro silencing of vtRNA1-1 increased IJ protein levels and enhanced epithelial barrier function. Exposing enteroids to vtRNA1-1-rich EVs augmented paracellular permeability. Mechanistically, vtRNA1-1 interacted with CUG-binding protein 1 (CUGBP1) and increased CUGBP1 association with claudin-1 and occludin mRNAs, thereby inhibiting their expression. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that elevated levels of vtRNA1-1 in EVs and mucosal tissues repress intestinal epithelial renewal and barrier function. Notably, this work reveals a novel role for dysregulation of the vtRNA1-1/CUGBP1 axis in the pathogenesis of gut mucosal disruption in critical illness.

A Study on AIDS Self-Management Status and Its Influencing Factors.

Purpose: To investigate and analyse the status quo of the self-management of patients living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and its influencing factors and to provide the basis for formulating intervention strategies. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 PLWHA who visited the Infection Center of Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University between September 2021 and December 2021 were enrolled using the convenience sampling method. Demographic characteristics and disease-related data were collected for each participant. The HIV/AIDS Self-Management Scale was used to evaluate the self-management ability of PLWHA. Results: A total of 251 male and 49 female PLWHA were included in this study, with an average age of 39.08 ± 12.09 years and an average disease duration of 9.61 ± 37.04 months. Univariate analysis showed that the PLWHA's place of residence, educational level, physical condition, family relations, duration of HIV disease, receipt or not of antiviral therapy and knowledge of disease had an influence on the scores of the HIV Self-Management Scale (all p < 0.05). The results of the self-management scores indicated that the total score for self-management was 41.5 ± 6.4 points, with a scoring rate of 69.6%, which was at a medium level. Long-term self-management had the highest scoring rate (12.2 ± 2.5 points), followed by daily health management (22.3 ± 4.3 points), and social support for self-management had the lowest scoring (5.1 ± 0.9 points). Multivariable analysis showed that the self-management ability of PLWHA was related to educational level, duration of disease and family relations (R2 = 0.67, F = 121.7, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The self-management level of patients with AIDS, especially the social support of daily health management and self-management, needs to be further improved. Educational level, duration of disease and family relations are important factors influencing the self-management of PLWHA.

Three patients with new mutations in the EPCAM variant gene for congenital tufting enteropathy and a mutation review in China: a case report.

Background: Congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE) is a rare cause of intractable congenital diarrhea in children, always resulting in parenteral nutrition (PN) dependency. We aimed to report novel mutations in Chinese patients and to illustrate the clinical, histopathological, and molecular features of CTE in China. Case Description: We report three cases of CTE diagnosed with whole-exome sequencing (WES) and MOC31 [a monoclonal antibody of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM)] immunohistochemistry. The main manifestations in the three patients were watery diarrhea and growth retardation. Upper endoscopy in three patients revealed villous atrophy of the duodenal mucosa. Histological examination revealed villus abnormalities and two patients with focal tufting. All of the three patients revealed a complete absence of EPCAM expression through MOC31 immunohistochemistry. Five novel mutations, including c.319delG, c.505_507delGAG, c.491+1G>C, c.60del (p.F20Lfs*17), and c.353G>A, in EPCAM were identified through molecular analysis. In our review, there were 18 different mutations in 11 patients from nine studies, with 12 mutations reported only once. In China, 73% of the patients were compound heterozygotes, and most of the pathogenic variants were in exon 3. All patients presented with congenital diarrhea and needed PN because of growth retardation, even when diarrhea was improved. Of the 11 patients, 3 (27%) died. Conclusions: CTE is rare and fatal, and lacks characteristic changes during endoscopy. Patients with CTE require early diagnosis via histological examination and genetic detection to improve survival.

Imatinib­induced gynecomastia: A case report.

Chronic myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the unregulated and abnormal proliferation of both mature and immature granulocytes, which results in the proliferation of peripheral blood leukocytes. Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the first-line treatment for patients diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia. However, despite its favorable safety profile, imatinib use is associated with a number of side effects. Gynecomastia is a rare adverse effect of imatinib treatment and may be associated with an imbalance in sex hormones. The present study reports the case of a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia diagnosed with gynecomastia after imatinib treatment. The aim of the present report was to highlight to clinicians this adverse reaction to imatinib treatment and investigate a treatment strategy with fewer side effects.

Adaptive cognitive control circuit changes associated with problem-solving ability and depression symptom outcomes over 24 months.

Mechanistically targeted behavioral interventions are a much-needed strategy for improving outcomes in depression, especially for vulnerable populations with comorbidities such as obesity. Such interventions may change behavior and outcome by changing underlying neural circuit function. However, it is unknown how these circuit-level modifications unfold over intervention and how individual differences in early circuit-level modifications may explain the heterogeneity of treatment effects. We addressed this need within a clinical trial of problem-solving therapy for participants with depression symptoms and comorbid obesity, focusing on the cognitive control circuit as a putative neural mechanism of action. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was applied to measure the cognitive control circuit activity at five time points over 24 months. Compared with participants who received usual care, those receiving problem-solving therapy showed that attenuations in cognitive control circuit activity were associated with enhanced problem-solving ability, which suggests that this circuit plays a key role in the mechanisms of problem-solving therapy. Attenuations in circuit activity were also associated with improved depression symptoms. Changes in cognitive control circuit activity at 2 months better predicted changes in problem-solving ability and depression symptoms at 6, 12, and 24 months, with predictive improvements ranging from 17.8 to 104.0%, exceeding baseline demographic and symptom characteristics. Our findings suggest that targeting the circuit mechanism of action could enhance the prediction of treatment outcomes, warranting future model refinement and improvement to pave the way for its clinical application.

Addressing diabetes by elevating access to nutrition (ADELANTE) - A multi-level approach for improving household food insecurity and glycemic control among Latinos with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Latinx adults are disproportionately impacted by the interrelated challenges of food insecurity and nutrition sensitive chronic diseases. Food and nutrition insecurity can exacerbate the development and progression of chronic diseases, such as diabetes. Sustainable, effective interventions aimed at improving food insecurity and diabetes management for Latinx populations are needed. METHODS: This hybrid type 1 trial evaluates the effectiveness of a multi-level intervention that includes a medically supportive food and behavioral lifestyle program on the primary outcome of Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at 6 months. Latinx adults (n = 355) with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c of 6.0-12.0 %), overweight/obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2), and self-reported risk of food insecurity will be randomized 1:1 to intervention (12 weekly deliveries of vegetables, fruits, and whole-grain foods + culturally-modified behavioral lifestyle program) versus control (food deliveries after a 6-month delay). Outcome asessments will occur at 0, 6 and 12 months, and include HbA1c, dietary intake, psychosocial health outcomes, and diabetes-related stressors. In addition, food insecurity and the impact of the intervention on up to two household members will be measured. Qualitative interviews with patients, healthcare providers, and community partners will be conducted in accordance with Reach, Effectivenes, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenence (RE-AIM) framework to identify barriers and best practices for future dissemination. CONCLUSIONS: The ADELANTE trial will provide novel insight to the effectiveness of a multi-level intervention on diabetes-related outcomes in Latinx adults. The mixed-method approach will also identity the reach of this 'Food is Medicine' intervention on additional household members to inform diabetes prevention efforts. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05228860.

miR-495 promotes intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis through downregulation of Sphingosine-1-phosphate.

Many pathological conditions lead to defects in intestinal epithelial integrity and loss of barrier function; Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been shown to augment intestinal barrier integrity, though the exact mechanisms are not completely understood. We have previously shown that overexpression of Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1), the rate limiting enzyme for S1P synthesis, significantly increased S1P production and cell proliferation. Here we show that microRNA 495 (miR-495) upregulation led to decreased levels of SphK1 resultant from a direct effect at the SphK1 mRNA. Increasing expression of miR-495 in intestinal epithelial cells resulted in decreased proliferation and increased susceptibility to apoptosis. Transgenic expression of miR-495 inhibited mucosal growth, as well as decreased proliferation in the crypts. The intestinal villi also expressed decreased levels of barrier proteins and exaggerated damage upon exposure to cecal ligation-puncture. These results implicate miR-495 as a critical negative regulator of intestinal epithelial protection and proliferation through direct regulation of SphK1, the rate limiting enzyme critical for production of S1P.

Preoperative Evidence-Based Practice for Prevention of Early Postoperative Infections in Patients Receiving a Liver Transplant.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing evidence-based preoperative nursing interventions in reducing postoperative infections and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay among liver transplant recipients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A controlled study was conducted, comparing postoperative outcomes between an intervention group receiving standardized, evidence-based preoperative care and a control group receiving routine preoperative care. Patients undergoing elective liver transplantation from September 2020 to March 2021 were included and assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received preoperative interventions based on best available evidence, while the control group received standard preoperative care. The primary outcomes measured were postoperative infection rates and length of ICU stay. RESULTS In the control group the overall Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay was 3 days and the infection rate was 33.30%, while in the intervention group it was 3 days and 13.80% (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of ICU stay between the control and the intervention groups (P>0.05). There was a significant improvement in the awareness, acceptance, and compliance of doctors and nurses. CONCLUSIONS Using the best evidence-based intervention for preoperative nursing of liver transplantation patients can standardize preoperative nursing behavior. Although we did not find significant differences in outcomes before and after the intervention, it is necessary to prevent postoperative infection and improve nursing compliance.

Prognostic impact of right atrial strain in systemic lupus erythematosus with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess right atrial (RA) function, including RA phase strain, via speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in a cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and in particular to explore the relationship between RA phase strain and the occurrence of cardiovascular events. METHODS: STE analyses of RA function were evaluated in patients with SLE-PAH and in 33 healthy control subjects. Clinical associations, serum biomarkers, echocardiographic data, survival times, and adverse cardiovascular events were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 66 patients with SLE-PAH were enrolled; they were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of adverse clinical events. RA phase strain was significantly reduced in patients with events than in patients without events. The endpoint was defined as the combined outcome of all-cause mortality, right heart failure, and rehospitalization due to disease progression. During a mean follow-up of 17.2 ± 9.9 months, 23 patients (35%) reached the endpoint. Compared with patients with RA reservoir strain (RASr) ≥33.45%, patients with RASr < 33.45% had more adverse long-term outcomes (log rank p < .0001). RASr was independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes according to multivariate analysis (p = .010). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that RA function has prognostic value for SLE-PAH patients, and strain analysis revealed that the worse the RA function is, the worse the prognosis.

Interaction between microRNA-195 and HuR regulates Paneth cell function in the intestinal epithelium by altering SOX9 translation.

Paneth cells at the bottom of small intestinal crypts secrete antimicrobial peptides, enzymes, and growth factors and contribute to pathogen clearance and maintenance of the stem cell niche. Loss of Paneth cells and their dysfunction occur commonly in various pathologies, but the mechanism underlying the control of Paneth cell function remains largely unknown. Here, we identified microRNA-195 (miR-195) as a repressor of Paneth cell development and activity by altering SOX9 translation via interaction with RNA-binding protein HuR. Tissue-specific transgenic expression of miR-195 (miR195-Tg) in the intestinal epithelium decreased the levels of mucosal SOX9 and reduced the numbers of lysozyme-positive (Paneth) cells in mice. Ectopically expressed SOX9 in the intestinal organoids derived from miR-195-Tg mice restored Paneth cell development ex vivo. miR-195 did not bind to Sox9 mRNA but it directly interacted with HuR and prevented HuR binding to Sox9 mRNA, thus inhibiting SOX9 translation. Intestinal mucosa from mice that harbored both Sox9 transgene and ablation of the HuR locus exhibited lower levels of SOX9 protein and Paneth cell numbers than those observed in miR-195-Tg mice. Inhibition of miR-195 activity by its specific antagomir improved Paneth cell function in HuR-deficient intestinal organoids. These results indicate that interaction of miR-195 with HuR regulates Paneth cell function by altering SOX9 translation in the small intestinal epithelium.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our results indicate that intestinal epithelial tissue-specific transgenic miR-195 expression decreases the levels of SOX9 expression, along with reduced numbers of Paneth cells. Ectopically expressed SOX9 in the intestinal organoids derived from miR-195-Tg mice restores Paneth cell development ex vivo. miR-195 inhibits SOX9 translation by preventing binding of HuR to Sox9 mRNA. These findings suggest that interaction between miR-195 and HuR controls Paneth cell function via SOX9 in the intestinal epithelium.

Bunyavirus SFTSV nucleoprotein exploits TUFM-mediated mitophagy to impair antiviral innate immunity.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is an emerging viral hemorrhagic fever caused by a tick-borne bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), with a high case fatality. We previously found that SFTSV nucleoprotein (NP) induces macroautophagy/autophagy to facilitate virus replication. However, the role of NP in antagonizing host innate immunity remains unclear. Mitophagy, a selected form of autophagy, eliminates damaged mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that SFTSV NP triggers mitophagy to degrade MAVS (mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein), thereby blocking MAVS-mediated antiviral signaling to escape the host immune response. Mechanistically, SFTSV NP translocates to mitochondria by interacting with TUFM (Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial), and mediates mitochondrial sequestration into phagophores through interacting with LC3, thus inducing mitophagy. Notably, the N-terminal LC3-interacting region (LIR) motif of NP is essential for mitophagy induction. Collectively, our results demonstrated that SFTSV NP serves as a novel virulence factor, inducing TUFM-mediated mitophagy to degrade MAVS and evade the host immune response.Abbreviation: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACTB: actin beta; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; CQ: chloroquine; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; FCCP: carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HTNV: Hantan virus; IAV: influenza A virus; IFN: interferon; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membraneprotein 1; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associatedprotein 1 light chain 3 beta; MAVS: mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein; Mdivi-1: mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; MOI: multiplicity of infection; MT-CO2/COXII: mitochondrially encoded cytochrome C oxidase II; NP: nucleoprotein; NSs: nonstructural proteins; poly(I:C): polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid; RIGI: RNA sensor RIG-I; RLR: RIGI-like receptor; SFTSV: severe fever withthrombocytopenia syndrome virus; TCID50: 50% tissue culture infectiousdose; TIMM23: translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 23; TOMM20:translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20; TUFM: Tu translation elongationfactor, mitochondrial.

Comparison of efficacy and safety of different asparaginases in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on nano-magnetic beads immunoassay.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of different asparaginase formulations in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) based on nano-magnetic bead immunoassay. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of adult ALL patients' clinical data who admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Health Vocational College from August 2020 to August 2023. Finally, 65 adult ALL patients were included in this study, including the polyethylene glycol conjugated asparaginase (PEG-ASNase) group (n = 32) and the L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) group (n = 33). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on magnetic nanoparticles was used to determine the activity of ASNase in both groups. The levels of asparagine or glutamine in two groups were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer during induction therapy, and the adverse events of the two groups were observed during the treatment. RESULTS: PEG-ASNase demonstrated a slower decrease in enzyme activity, longer action duration, and higher safety profile compared to L-ASNase. PEG-ASNase group and L-ASNase group demonstrated a similar complete remission rate (71.88% vs. 60.61%). Event-free survival was higher in patients receiving PEG-ASNase than those receiving L-ASNase (42.4% and 18.7%). The observed adverse reactions included allergic reactions, pancreatic lesions, gastrointestinal reactions and liver function damage. The incidence of gastrointestinal reactions and liver function damage was higher in the L-ASNase group than that in PEG-ASNase group (45.45% and 33.33%). CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable insights into the asparaginase treatments in clinical, highlighting the importance of PEG-ASNase for improving treatment protocols in adult ALL patients.

Vascular access type and prognosis in elderly hemodialysis patients: a propensity-score-matched study.

BACKGROUND: To compare the impact of tunneled cuffed catheters (TCCs) and arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) on outcomes in elderly hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS: A retrospective matched cohort study was performed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the baseline conditions, and we compared all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), hospitalization, and infection rates between AVF and TCC patients ≥70 years old. Cox survival analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for death. RESULTS: There were 2119 patients from our center in the Chinese National Renal Data System (CNRDS) between 1 January 2010 and 10 October 2023. Among these patients, 77 TCC patients were matched with 77 AVF patients. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the TCC and AVF groups (30.1/100 vs. 33.3/100 patient-years, p = 0.124). Among the propensity score-matched cohorts, no significant differences in Kaplan-Meier curves were observed between the two groups (log-rank p = 0.242). The TCC group had higher rates of MACCEs, hospitalization, and infection than the AVF group (33.7/100 vs. 29.5/100 patient-years, 101.2/100 vs. 79.5/100 patient-years, and 30.1/100 vs. 14.1/100 patient-years, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that high Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score was a risk factor for death. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between elderly HD patients receiving TCCs and AVFs. Compared with those with a TCC, elderly HD patients with an AVF have a lower risk of MACCEs, hospitalization, and infection.

Comparative genomics reveals ample evidence to Ganoderma sinense cultivars for molecular identification and new FIP exploration.

The first dikaryotic genome of Ganoderma cultivar Zizhi S2 (56.76 Mb, 16,681 genes) has been sequenced recently. 98.15% of complete BUSCOs were recovered in this genome assembly and high-confidence annotation rate improved to 91.41%. Collinearity analysis displayed the nuclear genome were 80.2% and 93.84% similar to reference genome of G. sinense at nucleotide and amino acid levels, which presented 8,521 core genes and 880 unique orthologous gene groups. Among that, at least six functional genes (tef1-α, ß-tubulin, rpb2, CaM, Mn-SOD and VeA) and a newly discovered fip gene were highly similar 99.27% ∼100% to those in reference genome. And the mt-LSU, mt-SSU and 13 PCGs in their mitogenome were also highly conserved with 99.27%-99.87% and 99.08%-100% identity, respectively. So that, this cultivar Zizhi S2 is confirmed conspecific with Ganoderma sinense (NCBI: txid1077348). The new fip gene (MN635280.1_336bp) existing a novel mutation which can be reflected on the phylogenetic tree and 3-dimensional model topology structure.

Overview and limitations of database in global traditional medicines: A narrative review.

The study of traditional medicine has garnered significant interest, resulting in various research areas including chemical composition analysis, pharmacological research, clinical application, and quality control. The abundance of available data has made databases increasingly essential for researchers to manage the vast amount of information and explore new drugs. In this article we provide a comprehensive overview and summary of 182 databases that are relevant to traditional medicine research, including 73 databases for chemical component analysis, 70 for pharmacology research, and 39 for clinical application and quality control from published literature (2000-2023). The review categorizes the databases by functionality, offering detailed information on websites and capacities to facilitate easier access. Moreover, this article outlines the primary function of each database, supplemented by case studies to aid in database selection. A practical test was conducted on 68 frequently used databases using keywords and functionalities, resulting in the identification of highlighted databases. This review serves as a reference for traditional medicine researchers to choose appropriate databases and also provides insights and considerations for the function and content design of future databases.