Photoredox-Catalyzed Phosphine-Mediated Successive Deoxygenation of Sulfonyl Oxime Salts Enables Anti-Markovnikov Hydrothiolation of Alkenes.

Stable and easy-to-handle sodium salts of sulfonyl oximes were first identified to proceed via visible-light-driven phophine-mediated successive deoxygenation to realize the anti-Markovnikov hydrothiolation of alkenes, which could serve as an odorless sulfur source. Mechanistic studies revealed that the key thiyl radical intermediate could be generated in situ from the sulfonyl oxime anion via a phosphine-mediated fragmentation and a sequential deoxygenation process. Notably, a wide range of alkenes, including acrylamides, acrylates, vinyl ketones, vinyl sulfones, and acrylonitriles, are competent substrates for this protocol, which is highly beneficial for the construction of structurally diversified organosulfur compounds.

Three-dimensional visualization technology for guiding one-step percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy for the treatment of complex hepatolithiasis.

BACKGROUND: Biliary stone disease is a highly prevalent condition and a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide. Hepatolithiasis with associated strictures has high residual and recurrence rates after traditional multisession percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL). AIM: To study one-step PTCSL using the percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF) technique guided by three-dimensional (3D) visualization. METHODS: This was a retrospective, single-center study analyzing, 140 patients who, between October 2016 and October 2023, underwent one-step PTCSL for hepatolithiasis. The patients were divided into two groups: The 3D-PTOBF group and the PTOBF group. Stone clearance on choledochoscopy, complications, and long-term clearance and recurrence rates were assessed. RESULTS: Age, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, Child-Pugh class, and stone location were similar between the 2 groups, but there was a significant difference in bile duct strictures, with biliary strictures more common in the 3D-PTOBF group (P = 0.001). The median follow-up time was 55.0 (55.0, 512.0) days. The immediate stone clearance ratio (88.6% vs 27.1%, P = 0.000) and stricture resolution ratio (97.1% vs 78.6%, P = 0.001) in the 3D-PTOBF group were significantly greater than those in the PTOBF group. Postoperative complication (8.6% vs 41.4%, P = 0.000) and stone recurrence rates (7.1% vs 38.6%, P = 0.000) were significantly lower in the 3D-PTOBF group. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional visualization helps make one-step PTCSL a safe, effective, and promising treatment for patients with complicated primary hepatolithiasis. The perioperative and long-term outcomes are satisfactory for patients with complicated primary hepatolithiasis. This minimally invasive method has the potential to be used as a substitute for hepatobiliary surgery.

Iodine(III)-Mediated Trifluoroacetylation of a C(sp2)-H or C(sp)-H Bond with Masked Trifluoroacyl Reagents.

A novel strategy for incorporating a trifluoroacetyl functionality into a range of structurally varied unsaturated bonds was developed by using PhI(OCOMe)2 as an oxidant with a masked trifluoroacyl reagent as a trifluoroacetyl radical precursor. The oxidative decarboxylation of the masked trifluoroacyl precursor followed by a tandem radical process provides versatile access to 5-exo-trig cyclization of N-arylacrylamides, direct C(sp2)-H trifluoroacetylation of quinolines, isoquinoline, 2H-indazole, and quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, and C(sp)-H trifluoroacetylation of alkynes. This protocol is characterized by mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity, and broad functional group compatibility.

Visible-Light-Induced, Catalyst-Free Monofluoromethyl Sulfonylation of Alkenes with Iodine(III) Reagent and DABSO.

A visible-light-induced radical relay strategy to access heterocycles bearing a monofluoromethylsufonyl moiety is reported, with PhI(OCOCH2F)2 as the CH2F radical precursor and DABSO as the SO2 source. A range of oxindoles, containing a CH2FSO2CH2- group at the C3 position, were synthesized from N-arylacrylamides in up to 97% yields. The protocol features catalyst-free photochemical tandem, mild reaction conditions, broad functional group compatibility, and good to excellent yields.

3D reconstruction of a gallbladder duplication to guide LC: A case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Gallbladder duplication is a congenital aberration of the biliary tree, which is rarely encountered in the abdomen. It is a challenge that can be encountered by surgeons and is associated with an increased risk of complications after cholecystectomy. More than 50% of gallbladder duplication cases were undetected on preoperative traditional imaging. In this study, a case of gallbladder duplication in a patient with mild abdominal pain detected using preoperative 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the gallbladder was described for the first time. PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSIS: We present a case of gallbladder duplication in a 32-year-old man who was referred to our hospital for recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal pain without any other significant history. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES: He underwent a 3D reconstruction technique as a supplement for gallbladder duplication that could not be diagnosed using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or other traditional tools. Compared with other diagnostic tools, 3D reconstruction is more visual and accurate for diagnosing gallbladder duplication and guiding laparoscopic cholecystectomy without ductal injuries or other complications. CONCLUSION: Gallbladder duplication is an extremely rare biliary anatomical anomaly; failure to recognize it perioperatively exposes the patient to an increased risk of bile duct injuries. We review 28 cases of missed gallbladder duplication and conclude that less 50% of gallbladder duplication cases were detected via preoperative traditional imaging. We present a case and find that the 3D reconstruction technique can be used as a supplement for gallbladder duplication that could not be diagnosed by using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or other tools. The value of using 3D reconstruction of gallbladder duplication is feasible and innovative, and facilitates guiding to laparoscopic cholecystectomy.