Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Vulvovaginitis/veterinaria , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/etiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Industria Lechera , Femenino , Israel/epidemiología , Lactancia , Necrosis/epidemiología , Necrosis/veterinaria , Factores de Riesgo , Vagina/patología , Vulvovaginitis/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Capripoxvirus , Leche , Infecciones por Poxviridae/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/economía , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/epidemiología , Animales , Recuento de Células/veterinaria , Brotes de Enfermedades/economía , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Femenino , Israel/epidemiología , Lactancia/fisiología , Masculino , Leche/citología , Leche/metabolismo , Leche/virología , Infecciones por Poxviridae/economía , Infecciones por Poxviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Poxviridae/mortalidad , Estaciones del Año , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/mortalidad , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/patología , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
From August to October 1991 bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) occurred sporadically in two localities in Israel. The morbidity and mortality rates reached 2.6% and 0.1%, respectively. Only 12/50 dairy cattle herds were clinically infected with BEF in the dairy community. The total morbidity rate reached 0.8%. The lowest morbidity rate was recorded in young heifers (5.5%) and the highest in adult cows (75%). Only heifers over the age of three months were clinically affected. The spread of the disease apparently followed the local prevailing night winds, which blow from east to west, i.e., from the land toward the sea. The morbidity period lasted 61 days. The low incidence and morbidity rates were possibly due to the low virulence of the virus strain involved in the 1991 epidemic. Retrospective analysis indicates that vectors - apparently mosquitoes - infected with BEF virus could have been overwintering.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Fiebre Efímera/epidemiología , Animales , Bovinos , Femenino , Israel/epidemiología , Región Mediterránea/epidemiología , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis in cattle most commonly result from ascending urinary tract infection with Corynebacterium renale, Corynebacterium cystidis, Corynebacterium pilosum or Escherichia coli. We describe the clinical, bacteriological, clinical-pathological and epidemiological findings in a dairy cattle herd with urinary tract infection (UTI). Blood and urine samples from 17 calves and 19 cows were submitted to laboratory examinations. Depression, muscle wasting, weakness and frequent urine dribbling were the main characteristics of UTI in calves. Affected cows showed weight loss and an abrupt reduction in feed intake and milk production. Enlargement of the left kidney and loss of normal lobulation were evident on rectal examination. E. coli was the most frequent cause of UTI but C. renale, alpha-haemolytic Streptococcus spp., Proteus spp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp. and Oligella urethralis were isolated as well. Differences in total protein and several protein fractions were found between affected and healthy animals.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/veterinaria , Infecciones Urinarias/veterinaria , Animales , Bovinos , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/epidemiología , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/microbiología , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/veterinaria , Escherichia coli/clasificación , Escherichia coli/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/epidemiología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Femenino , Lactancia , Leche/metabolismo , Infecciones Urinarias/epidemiología , Infecciones Urinarias/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Salmonelosis Animal/epidemiología , Salmonella/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Animales Salvajes/microbiología , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/transmisión , Diarrea/microbiología , Reservorios de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Femenino , Israel/epidemiología , Salmonella/clasificación , Salmonelosis Animal/transmisión , Serotipificación/veterinariaRESUMEN
A high rate (25%) of infestation of heifers in a dairy cattle herd caused by the saprophytic nematode Pelodera strongyloides is described. Management (crowded) and environmental conditions (moist and filthy) as well as the climate (temperature) apparently favoured the existence and continuation of the nematodes. These infested a large number of heifers by causing dermatitis in skin areas, which were in contact with the contaminated environment. The dermatitis is characterized by a marked thickening of the skin, which became wrinkled and scurfy with alopecia. Pruritus was not observed.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Nematodos/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades Cutáneas Parasitarias/veterinaria , Crianza de Animales Domésticos , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/etiología , Industria Lechera , Femenino , Israel/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The clinical, epidemiological and histopathological findings of two pruritic dermatites in sheep in Israel are described. The first type of dermatitis affected mainly young animals with lesions predominantly on the legs. It occurred from March to November, with a peak in June. The second type affected animals of all ages and was mainly on the ventrum. It was sporadic but occurred throughout the year with a peak in October. The morbidity rate of this syndrome reached 4.3% in one flock. The histopathology of both conditions was consistent with an allergic dermatitis. Fleas and midges were collected and identified as Ctenocephalides felis felis and various species of Culicoides. The population density, seasonal activity, geographical distribution and feeding behaviour preferences of the insects and the incidence of the two types of dermatitis suggest that fleas and midges were the causal agents. Flea and midge bite pruritic dermatoses should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sarcoptic and psoroptic mange.
Asunto(s)
Ceratopogonidae/inmunología , Dermatitis/veterinaria , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/veterinaria , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/inmunología , Siphonaptera/inmunología , Animales , Dermatitis/inmunología , Dermatitis/patología , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/inmunología , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/patología , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/inmunología , Estaciones del Año , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/patología , Piel/patologíaAsunto(s)
Virus de la Lengua Azul/aislamiento & purificación , Lengua Azul/diagnóstico , Rumiantes , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Lengua Azul/patología , Lengua Azul/virología , Resultado Fatal , Masculino , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido Nucleico , Especificidad de la EspecieAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Actinobacillus/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/veterinaria , Otitis Media Supurativa/veterinaria , Infecciones por Actinobacillus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Actinobacillus/terapia , Animales , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/terapia , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/terapia , Femenino , Otitis Media Supurativa/diagnóstico , Otitis Media Supurativa/terapia , Irrigación Terapéutica/veterinariaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Granuloma/veterinaria , Actinobacillus/patogenicidad , Animales , Encéfalo/microbiología , Encéfalo/patología , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Granuloma/diagnóstico , Granuloma/microbiología , Granuloma/patologíaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gingivales/veterinaria , Hamartoma/veterinaria , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/congénito , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Neoplasias Gingivales/diagnóstico , Hamartoma/diagnósticoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Divertículo Ileal/veterinaria , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/cirugía , Cólico/etiología , Cólico/veterinaria , Laparotomía/veterinaria , Masculino , Divertículo Ileal/diagnóstico , Divertículo Ileal/patología , Divertículo Ileal/cirugíaRESUMEN
The prevalence of urinary tract infections in calves aged seven days to three months in three dairy cattle herds ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per cent, with an average of 1.1 per cent. The mortality rate reached 16.1 per cent. The morbidity rate of the female calves was 1.4 per cent and that of the male calves 0.8 per cent. The bacteria isolated from urine, and from vaginal and preputial swabs were Escherichia coli (35 per cent), Corynebacterium renale (14 per cent), plasma coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (12 per cent), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12 per cent), Proteus species (12 per cent) and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (5 per cent). The affected calves had a significantly lower serum concentration of inorganic phosphorus (P < 0.01).
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Infecciones Urinarias/veterinaria , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Femenino , Israel/epidemiología , Masculino , Prevalencia , Urinálisis/veterinaria , Infecciones Urinarias/epidemiología , Vagina/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Necrotizing stomatitis associated with Fusobacterium necrophorum in two goats is described. Arcanobacterium pyrogenes was the dominant component of the microbial flora cultured under aerobic condition. Treatment with penicillin, at a dose of 50 000 IU/kg for 6 days was used successfully in the cure of the disease.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Fusobacterium/veterinaria , Fusobacterium necrophorum/aislamiento & purificación , Gingivitis Ulcerosa Necrotizante/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Cabras/diagnóstico , Animales , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Infecciones por Fusobacterium/complicaciones , Infecciones por Fusobacterium/diagnóstico , Gingivitis Ulcerosa Necrotizante/complicaciones , Gingivitis Ulcerosa Necrotizante/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de las Cabras/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de las Cabras/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Cabras/patología , Cabras , Penicilinas/administración & dosificación , Penicilinas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Plants found in the eastern Mediterranean are discussed by their toxic principles and poisonous effects. Nitrate- and oxalate-containing plants, those with alkaloids and glycosides, plants inducing photosensitization and carrying tannins, and selected miscellaneous species of toxic plants are reviewed and their poisonous properties described.
Asunto(s)
Plantas Tóxicas , Toxinas Biológicas/química , Humanos , Región MediterráneaRESUMEN
Two forms of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in Israeli dairy cattle herds during a survey period of 13 years (1989-2001) are described. The more common form, which was diagnosed in 45 herds, was characterized by ulcerative granulomatous lesions which occurred either sporadically--in 26 herds (with a morbidity rate of up to 5%)--or in an epidemic course in 19 herds. Most (80.6%) of the affected animals were cows; the rest were first-calving cows (16.2%) and heifers (3.2%). The morbidity occurred mostly during the summer months. The ulcerative granulomatous lesions appeared in three clinical forms: cutaneous, mastitic and visceral. Mixed forms were also observed. The morbidity rate was 6.4% and the culling rate reached 16.3% of the affected animals. Most of the strains of C. pseudotuberculosis which were isolated from the abscesses in the cutaneous form of the disease and from milk samples failed to reduce nitrate. A decrease in milk production (6%) and an increase in bulk-milk somatic cell count were noted. Necrotic and ulcerative dermatitis on the heel of the foot occurred in an epidemic course in heifers in only two herds during the winter months, with morbidity rates of 7.5 and 76.2%, respectively. C. pseudotuberculosis isolates from skin lesions and from the soil did reduce nitrate. Clinical, epizootiological and microbiological aspects of the infection are described.