Effect of anterior capsule polish on visual function: A meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between anterior capsule polish and visual function. METHODS: Data were obtained from Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, WanFang, VIP and CNKI up to the end of May 2018, without any date or language restrictions for trials. The modified Jadad scale and the newcastle-ottawa scale were used to assess the quality of included studies. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) were used as outcome variables. Data on anterior capsule polish were pooled using weighted, random-effect meta-analysis. RESULTS: One randomized controlled trial and 4 observational cohort studies involving 2533 patients were included in the analyses. There was a statistically significant difference of UCVA (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.41-2.61) between the polish group and the control group, indicating that anterior capsule polish improved UCVA. Further studies with continuous data also suggested that anterior capsule polish was associated with good UCVA (MD 0.11, 95% CI 0.06-0.16). Posterior capsule opacification rate for 1-year or longer follow-up were extracted for 2561 eyes in 3 studies. Posterior capsule opacification rate was lower in the anterior capsule polish group according to summary odds ratio on PCO rate (OR 0.42 95% CI 0.24-0.73). CONCLUSIONS: Anterior capsule polish prevents complication of modern cataract surgery and benefits on visual function in short term follow-up period.

Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling versus inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for macular hole-induced retinal detachment: a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effects on vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus vitrectomy with inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for macular hole-induced retinal detachment (MHRD). METHODS: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were systematically searched for studies that compared ILM peeling with inverted ILM flap technique for macular hole-induced retinal detachment. The primary outcomes are the rate of retinal reattachment and the rate of macular hole closure 6 months later after initial surgery, the secondary outcome is the postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 6 months later after initial surgery. RESULTS: Four studies that included 98 eyes were selected. All the included studies were retrospective comparative studies. The preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was equal between ILM peeling and inverted ILM flap technique groups. It was indicated that the rate of retinal reattachment (odds ratio (OR) = 0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.03 to 0.69; P = 0.02) and macular hole closure (OR = 0.06, 95% CI:0.02 to 0.19; P < 0.00001) after initial surgery was higher in the group of vitrectomy with inverted ILM flap technique than that in the group of vitrectomy with ILM peeling. However, there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (mean difference (MD) 0.18 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; 95% CI -0.06 to 0.43 ; P = 0.14) between the two surgery groups. CONCLUSION: Compared with ILM peeling, vitrectomy with inverted ILM flap technique resulted significantly higher of the rate of retinal reattachment and macular hole closure, but seemed does not improve postoperative best-corrected visual acuity.

Two new cucurbitane triterpenoids from the seeds of Momordica charantia.

Two new cucurbitane triterpenoids 1 and 2 were isolated, together with six known compounds, from the seeds of Momordica charantia L. The structures of new compounds were determined to be 3-O-{[ß-d-galactopyranosyl(1 â†’ 6)]-O-ß-d-galactopyranosyl}-23(R), 24(R), 25-trihydroxycucur-bit-5-ene (1), 3-O-[ß-d-galactopyranosyl]-25-O-ß-d-galactopyranosyl-7(R), 22(S), 23(R), 24(R), 25-pentahydroxycucurbit-5-ene (2), respectively. Their structures were elucidated by the combination of mass spectrometry, one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments and chemical reactions.

Two new bidesmoside triterpenoid saponins from the seeds of Momordica charantia L.

Two new bidesmoside triterpenoid saponins which were identifed as 28-O-ß-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-ß-D-xylopyranosyl(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-[α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl(1→3)]-ß-D-fucopyranosyl gypsogenin 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-ß-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (C1) and 28-O-ß-D-xylopyranosyl(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→3)]-ß-D-fucopyranosyl gypsogenin 3-O-ß-D-gluco-pyranosyl(1→2)-ß-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (C2) were isolated together with two known compounds from the seeds of Momordica charantia L. Their structures were elucidated by the combination of mass spectrometry (MS), one and two-dimensional NMR experiments and chemical reactions.

Effectiveness of amniotic membrane transplantation combined with mitomycin C in the treatment of pterygium: a meta-analysis.

AIM: To evaluate the recurrence rate and safety of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) augmented with mitomycin C (MMC) compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone during the pterygium excision. METHODS: We took a meta-analysis on this program. Pertinent studies were selected through extensive searches of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CBMdisc, CNKI. Pooled estimates were carried out in RevMan software v.4.2. RESULTS: Six trials reported postoperative recurrence rate of pterygium, included 882 eyes, three trials reported the complications. The results of meta-analysis showed that recurrence rate of AMT plus MMC group was 5.41%, AMT alone group was 16.89%, RR was 0.32, 95%CI ranged from 0.19 to 0.56, Z was 4.06, P<0.001. Two trials reported early complication as punctata keratitis, the incidence rate of AMT plus MMC group and AMT alone group were 17.14% and 0.00%, RR was 12.11, 95%CI ranged from 1.62 to 90.76. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane transplantation with MMC was associated with lower recurrence rate compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone in pterygium excision, whether accompanied a higher risk with adverse events need more investigation.

[Preparation and characterization of curcumin loaded gelatin microspheres for lung targeting].

OBJECTIVE: To study the preparation technology and physicochemical characterization of curcumin loaded gelatin microspheres for lung targeting. METHODS: Curcumin loaded gelatin microspheres for lung targeting were prepared by the emulsion crosslinking method, and the preparation technology was optimized by orthogonal experimental design with biodegradable gelatin as the carrier, liquid paraffin as the oil phase, span 80 as the emulsifier. RESULTS: The optimal curcumin loaded gelatin microspheres were global with smooth surface, 6.15% for the drug loading, 75.5% for the encapsulation efficiency. 86.6% of microspheres size was in the range of 5-30 microm. The release test in vitro showed that 50% of curcumin could release from gelatin microspheres in 22 h and 77% in 48 h. CONCLUSIONS: The preparation technology is good and stable, and the obtained microspheres can control the release of curcumin.

[Early treatment of middle ear disease in cleft palate infants].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of myringotomy with insertion of tube and tympanocentesis on alleviating secretory otitis media (SOM) and hearing loss in cleft palate infants. METHODS: Nineteen cleft lip and palate infants with SOM and hearing loss (38 ears) were treated with myringotomy with insertion of ventilation tube at the same time of repair of the cleft lip, who were performed averagely at 6.9 months of age. Fifteen cleft lip and palate infants with SOM (30 ears) were treated with tympanocentesis at the same time of repair of the cleft lip averagely at 6.6 months of age. All cases were followed up from 1 week to 12 months and estimated by auditory brainstem response (ABR) and acoustic immitance audiometry. RESULTS: The average wave V reacting thresholds of ABR were separately 55.41 dBnHL and 28.48 dBnHL, and 79.17% tympanogram B changed to tympanogram A in cleft palate infants with insertion of tube before and after operation. The average wave V reacting thresholds of ABR were separately 40.63 dBnHL and 26.50 dBnHL, and 40.91% tympanogram B changed to tympanogram A in cleft palate infants with tympanocentesis preoperatively and in 1 week postoperatively, in whom the average hearing thresholds and tympanograms had no significant difference preoperatively and in 1 or 3 months postoperatively (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The early myringotomy with insertion of tube is effective to restore the function of the middle ear in cleft palate infants with SOM, so to suggest to be performed at the same time of the repair of cleft lip within the first 1-year of life. The tympanocentesis should not be used as a regular management in the cleft palate infants with SOM.

[Preparation of puerarin solid self-microemulsion].

OBJECTIVE: To prepare puerarin solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). METHODS: Pseudo-ternary phase diagram was used to select the formula of microemulsion. The self-microemulsification efficiency was assessed, such as viscosity, conductance, refraction, zeta potential, size ditribution, dissolution were investigated. Puerarin were determined by UV to calculate the cumulative release at different time. RESULTS: The optimum formulation of puerarin solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system the consisted of puerarin-Tween 800 glycerinum-ethyl oleate-water-Gum Acacia-manicol at weight ratio of 1.7: 16. 6: 16. 6: 16. 6 : 1.3: 4.0: 39.9: 19.9; Average particle diameter was 30 nm; The dissolution was 94.29% at 10 min. CONCLUSION: Stability of puerarin solid self-microemulsion drug delvery system is good, potent in improving the dissolution of puerarin.