Comparison of translabial ultrasonographic and urodynamic data of female patients with urinary incontinence: Importance of translabial ultrasonography in the diagnosis of incontinence.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnostic importance of translabial ultrasonographic data in incontinence, for comparison with urodynamic data. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed between January and May 2017 on 64 patients aged between 40 and 65 years with complaints of mixed type incontinence. The patients were separated into two groups according to their urodynamic data. Translabial ultrasonography was performed in both groups. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 51.19±7.01 years, and mean body mass index was 26.69±2.02 kg/m2. The patients were separated into two groups as those with (n=33) or without (n=31) stress urinary incontinence based on urodynamic findings (despite the presence of mixed urinary incontinence complaints, stress urinary incontinence and detrusor overactivity associated with incontinence could not be detected in the urodynamic study). Average x descend, y descend and bladder neck mobilization values detected with translabial ultrasonography were found to be statistically significantly higher in the urodynamic stress incontinence group. There was an opposite-directional, 37.6% and statistically significant relation between maximum cystometric capacity and x descend parameters. Y descend values and bladder neck mobilization of females with negative Q-tip test were found to be statistically significantly lower than females with positive Q-tip test. CONCLUSION: As a complementary examination tool in the evaluation of urinary incontinence translabial ultrasonography may become one of the main diagnostic evaluation tools in the future.

Low molecular weight heparin use in unexplained recurrent miscarriage.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) improve live birth rates when compared with control group in patients with unexplained recurrent miscarriages (URM). METHODS: In this prospective observational study 150 women with a history of two or more previous unexplained first trimester pregnancy loss who received LMWH; either enoxaparin (n=50), tinzaparin (n=50) or nothing (n=50) were followed for the pregnancy outcome measures. Only the patients who have used standardized dosage of LMWH (4000 IU/day enoxaparin or 3500 IU/day tinzaparin ) were included to the study. The primary end point was the live birth rate and secondary end points were the side effects, late pregnancy complications and neonatal outcome in the study cohorts. RESULTS: Live birth was achieved 85% of the LMWH group and 66% of the control group (p=0.007). According to the subgroup analysis; live birth rates did not differ significantly between the enoxaparin and tinzaparin group (84% and 86%, respectively). Maternal and neonatal side effects were not statistically significant among the study participants. CONCLUSION: Thromboprophylaxis with LMWH resulted in a improved live-birth rate in patient with 2 or more consecutive unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Nevertheless these findings need to be confirmed in larger randomized trials.