Record High Iodate Anion Capture by a Redox-Active Cationic Polymer Network.

As a critical radioactive anionic contaminant, traditional adsorbents primarily remove iodate (IO3 -) through ion exchange or hard acid-hard base interactions, but suffer from limited affinity and capacity. Herein, employing the synergistic effect of ion exchange and redox, we successfully synthesized a redox-active cationic polymer network (SCU-CPN-6, [C9H10O2N5 ⋅ Cl]n) by merging guanidino groups with ion-exchange capability and phenolic groups with redox ability via a Schiff base reaction. SCU-CPN-6 exhibits a groundbreaking adsorption capacity of 896 mg/g for IO3 -. The inferior adsorption capacities of polymeric networks containing only redox (~0 mg/g) or ion exchange (232 mg/g) fragments underscore the synergistic "1+1>2" effect of the two mechanisms. Besides, SCU-CPN-6 shows excellent uptake selectivity for IO3 - in the presence of high concentrations of SO4 2-, Cl-, and NO3 -. Meanwhile, a high distribution coefficient indicates its exemplary deep-removal performance for low IO3 - concentration. The synergic strategy not only presents a breakthrough solution for the efficient removal of IO3 - but also establishes a promising avenue for the design of advanced adsorbents for diverse applications.

Radiation-Assisted Assembly of a Highly Dispersed Nanomolybdenum-Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework.

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs), featuring a large surface area and 1D pore structure, serve as promising scaffolds for anchoring functional guest compounds, which can significantly enhance their performance and thus expand their potential applications. Postsynthetic strategy for COFs functionalization is versatile but challenging because of their tedious procedure with high time and energy consumption, generation of excess reaction waste, and damage to COF crystallinity. We report in this work a general strategy for the synthesis of inorganic nanocompound-functionalized COF composites in a one-pot way. Specifically, a high-crystallinity nanoscale molybdenum compound is successfully introduced into a COF skeleton with high dispersion in situ during the crystallization process of the COF induced by gamma ray radiation under ambient conditions. The obtained COF@Mo composites exhibit remarkable sorption performance for methylene blue and many other organic dyes in aqueous solution with the advantages of ultrarapid uptake dynamics and high removal efficiency.

Distinct molecular profiles drive multifaceted characteristics of colorectal cancer metastatic seeds.

Metastasis of primary tumors remains a challenge for early diagnosis and prevention. The cellular properties and molecular drivers of metastatically competent clones within primary tumors remain unclear. Here, we generated 10-16 single cell-derived lines from each of three colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors to identify and characterize metastatic seeds. We found that intrinsic factors conferred clones with distinct metastatic potential and cellular communication capabilities, determining organ-specific metastasis. Poorly differentiated or highly metastatic clones, rather than drug-resistant clones, exhibited poor clinical prognostic impact. Personalized genetic alterations, instead of mutation burden, determined the occurrence of metastatic potential during clonal evolution. Additionally, we developed a gene signature for capturing metastatic potential of primary CRC tumors and demonstrated a strategy for identifying metastatic drivers using isogenic clones with distinct metastatic potential in primary tumors. This study provides insight into the origin and mechanisms of metastasis and will help develop potential anti-metastatic therapeutic targets for CRC patients.

Analysis of the Genetic Characteristics and Metastatic Pathways of G1 and G2 Colorectal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Objective: G1 and G2 colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of rare and indolent diseases. We aimed to delineate their genetic characteristics and explore their metastatic mechanisms. Methods: We used next-generation sequencing technology for targeted sequencing for 54 patients with G1 and G2 colorectal NENs. We delineated their genetic features and compared the genetic characteristics between metastatic NENs and nonmetastatic NENs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was utilized to explore their abnormal pathways and study their potential metastatic mechanisms. Results: We collected 23 metastatic NENs and 31 nonmetastatic NENs. In the whole cohort, the common mutated genes were NCOR2, BRD4, MDC1, ARID1A, AXIN2, etc. The common copy number variations (CNVs) included amplification of HIST1H3D, amplification of HIST1H3E, and loss of PTEN. The KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and Rap1 were the major abnormal pathways. There were significantly different genetic features between metastatic NENs and nonmetastatic NENs. The metastatic NENs shared only 47 (22.5%) mutated genes and 6 (13.3%) CNVs with nonmetastatic NENs. NCOR2, BRD4, CDKN1B, CYP3A5, and EIF1AX were the commonly mutated genes in metastatic NENs, while NCOR2, MDC1, AXIN2, PIK3C2G, and PTPRT were the commonly mutated genes in nonmetastatic NENs. Metastatic NENs presented a significantly higher proportion of abnormal pathways of cell senescence (56.5% vs 25.8%, P = .022) and lysine degradation (43.5% vs 16.1%, P = .027) than nonmetastatic NENs. Conclusion: G1 and G2 colorectal NENs are a group of heterogeneous diseases that might obtain an increased invasive ability through aberrant cell senescence and lysine degradation pathways.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis analysis of postoperative patients with stage I-III colon cancer based on SEER database.

PURPOSE: To identify the relevant factors affecting the prognosis and survival time of colon cancer and construct a survival prediction model. METHODS: Data on postoperative stage I-III colon cancer patients were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We used R project to analyze the data. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed for independent factors correlated with overall survival from colon cancer. The C-index was used to screen the factors that had the greatest influence in overall survival after surgery in colon cancer patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was made according to the Risk score and calculated to validate the predictive accuracy of the model. In addition, we used decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the clinical benefits and utility of the nomogram. We created a model survival curve to determine the difference in prognosis between patients in the low-risk group and those in the high-risk group. RESULTS: Univariate and multifactor COX analyses showed that the race, Grade, tumor size, N-stage and T-stage were independent risk factors affecting survival time of patients. The analysis of ROC and DCA showed the nomogram prediction model constructed based on the above indicators has good predictive effects. CONCLUSION: Overall, the nomogram constructed in this study has good predictive effects. It can provide a reference for future clinicians to evaluate the prognosis of colon cancer patients.

Dynamic perturbation analysis of fractional order differential quasiperiodic Mathieu equation.

The paper investigates the influence of parameters on the stability of fractional order differential quasiperiodic Mathieu equations. First, we use the perturbation method to obtain approximate expressions (i.e., transition curves) for the stability and unstable region boundaries of the equation. After obtaining the approximate expression of the transition curve, we use Lyapunov's first method to analyze the stability of the fractional order differential quasiperiodic Mathieu system, thereby obtaining the conditions for the stability of the fractional order differential quasiperiodic Mathieu equation system. Second, by comparing the approximate expressions of the transition curve of the steady-state periodic solution of the quasiperiodic Mathieu oscillator under different parameter conditions, we obtained the conclusion that the fractional order differential term exists in the form of equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping in the fractional order differential quasiperiodic Mathieu system. By comparison, we have summarized the general forms of equivalent linear damping and equivalent stiffness of the system. Through this general form, we can define an approximate expression for the thickness of unstable regions to better study the characteristics of fractional order differential quasiperiodic Mathieu systems. Finally, the influence of the parameters of the fractional order differential quasiperiodic Mathieu equation on the transition curve of the equation was intuitively analyzed through numerical simulation, to analyze the stability changes in the equation.

How and When Inclusive Human Resource Management Promotes Employee Well-Being: The Roles of Ambidextrous Fit and Affective Leadership.

Researchers and practitioners have largely recognized the importance of human resource management in addressing the growing trend of workforce diversity to improve employee well-being. However, empirical research on inclusive human resource management (IHRM) remains scarce. Drawing on the conservation of resources theory and the person-environment fit framework, the current study constructs a moderated dual-mediation model to explore how IHRM influences employee well-being through ambidextrous fit (i.e., supplementary fit and complementary fit) and further examine the moderating role of affective leadership. Using three-wave data from 382 employees through the questionnaire survey, the empirical findings indicate that IHRM positively affects employee well-being and that this linkage is mediated by supplementary fit and complementary fit. In addition, we find that affective leadership strengthens the positive influences of IHRM on employee well-being, supplementary fit, and complementary fit as well as the indirect effect of IHRM on employee well-being through ambidextrous fit. We discuss some theoretical and practical implications of our findings and provide research directions.

Electrical impedance myography detects dystrophin-related muscle changes in mdx mice.

BACKGROUND: The lack of functional dystrophin protein in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes chronic skeletal muscle inflammation and degeneration. Therefore, the restoration of functional dystrophin levels is a fundamental approach for DMD therapy. Electrical impedance myography (EIM) is an emerging tool that provides noninvasive monitoring of muscle conditions and has been suggested as a treatment response biomarker in diverse indications. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of skeletal muscles has become a standard measurement in clinical trials for DMD, EIM offers distinct advantages, such as portability, user-friendliness, and reduced cost, allowing for remote monitoring of disease progression or response to therapy. To investigate the potential of EIM as a biomarker for DMD, we compared longitudinal EIM data with MRI/histopathological data from an X-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) mouse model of DMD. In addition, we investigated whether EIM could detect dystrophin-related changes in muscles using antisense-mediated exon skipping in mdx mice. METHODS: The MRI data for muscle T2, the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data for fat fraction, and three EIM parameters with histopathology were longitudinally obtained from the hindlimb muscles of wild-type (WT) and mdx mice. In the EIM study, a cell-penetrating peptide (Pip9b2) conjugated antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PPMO), designed to induce exon-skipping and restore functional dystrophin production, was administered intravenously to mdx mice. RESULTS: MRI imaging in mdx mice showed higher T2 intensity at 6 weeks of age in hindlimb muscles compared to WT mice, which decreased at ≥ 9 weeks of age. In contrast, EIM reactance began to decline at 12 weeks of age, with peak reduction at 18 weeks of age in mdx mice. This decline was associated with myofiber atrophy and connective tissue infiltration in the skeletal muscles. Repeated dosing of PPMO (10 mg/kg, 4 times every 2 weeks) in mdx mice led to an increase in muscular dystrophin protein and reversed the decrease in EIM reactance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that muscle T2 MRI is sensitive to the early inflammatory response associated with dystrophin deficiency, whereas EIM provides a valuable biomarker for the noninvasive monitoring of subsequent changes in skeletal muscle composition. Furthermore, EIM reactance has the potential to monitor dystrophin-deficient muscle abnormalities and their recovery in response to antisense-mediated exon skipping.

UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabonomics reveals mechanisms for Holothuria leucospilota polysaccharides (HLP)-regulated serum metabolic changes in diabetic rats.

This study aimed to use metabolomic methods to explore how Holothuria leucospilota polysaccharides (HLP) improved metabolism disorders in the liver of Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with spontaneous type 2 diabetes. The results showed that HLP effectively improved the metabolic disorder. Based on KEGG functional analysis, five key biomarkers associated with bile acid metabolism were detected and screened (P < 0.05). The results of serum total bile acid levels and liver damage in diabetic rats further showed the regulatory effects of HLP on bile acid metabolism. The results of bile acid-related gene expression in the liver showed that HLP inhibited liver farnesoid X Receptor - small heterodimer partner (FXR-SHP) signalling and increased the expression of bile acid synthesis genes (P < 0.05). Our results explored the underlying mechanisms by which HLP accelerated cholesterol consumption to anti-hypercholesterolemia and anti-diabetic by inhibiting liver FXR-SHP signaling. HLP's effect on bile acid regulation provides insights into treating T2DM.

An Aryl-ether-linked Covalent Organic Framework Modified with Thioamide Groups for Selective Extraction of Palladium from Strong Acid Solutions.

Efficient adsorption of palladium ions from acid nuclear waste solution is crucial for ensuring the safety of vitrification process for radioactive waste. However, the limited stability and selectivity of most current adsorbents hinder their practical applications under strong acid and intense radiation conditions. Herein, to address these limitations, we designed and synthesized an aryl-ether-linked covalent organic framework (COF-316-DM) grafted dimethylthiocarbamoyl groups on the pore walls. This unique structure endows COF-316-DM with high stability and exceptional palladium capture capacity. The robust polyarylether linkage enables COF-316-DM to withstand irradiation doses of 200 or 400 kGy of ß/γ ray. Furthermore, COF-316-DM demonstrates fast adsorption kinetics, high adsorption capacity (147 mg g-1 ), and excellent reusability in 4 M nitric acid. Moreover, COF-316-DM exhibits remarkable selectivity for palladium ions in the presence of 17 interference ions, simulating high level liquid waste scenario. The superior adsorption performance can be attributed to the strong binding affinity between the thioamide groups and Pd2+ ions, as confirmed by the comprehensive analysis of FT-IR and XPS spectra. Our findings highlight the potential of COFs with robust linkers and tailored functional groups for efficient and selective capture of metal ions, even in harsh environmental conditions.

Interaction analysis of high-risk pathological features on adjuvant chemotherapy survival benefit in stage II colon cancer patients: a multi-center, retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to analyze the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk stage II colon cancer patients and the impact of high-risk factors on the prognostic effect of adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS: This study is a multi-center, retrospective study, A total of 931 patients with stage II colon cancer who underwent curative surgery in 8 tertiary hospitals in China between 2016 and 2017 were enrolled in the study. Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the risk factors of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and to test the multiplicative interaction of pathological factors and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). The additive interaction was presented using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). The Subpopulation Treatment Effect Pattern Plot (STEPP) was utilized to assess the interaction of continuous variables on the ACT effect. RESULTS: A total of 931 stage II colon cancer patients were enrolled in this study, the median age was 63 years old (interquartile range: 54-72 years) and 565 (60.7%) patients were male. Younger patients (median age, 58 years vs 65 years; P < 0.001) and patients with the following high-risk features, such as T4 tumors (30.8% vs 7.8%; P < 0.001), grade 3 lesions (36.0% vs 22.7%; P < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (22.1% vs 6.8%; P < 0.001) and perineural invasion (19.4% vs 13.6%; P = 0.031) were more likely to receive ACT. Patients with perineural invasion showed a worse OS and marginally worse DFS (hazardous ratio [HR] 2.166, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.282-3.660, P = 0.004; HR 1.583, 95% CI 0.985-2.545, P = 0.058, respectively). Computing the interaction on a multiplicative and additive scale revealed that there was a significant interaction between PNI and ACT in terms of DFS (HR for multiplicative interaction 0.196, p = 0.038; RERI, -1.996; 95%CI, -3.600 to -0.392) and OS (HR for multiplicative interaction 0.112, p = 0.042; RERI, -2.842; 95%CI, -4.959 to -0.725). CONCLUSIONS: Perineural invasion had prognostic value, and it could also influence the effect of ACT after curative surgery. However, other high-risk features showed no implication of efficacy for ACT in our study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03794193 (04/01/2019).

Efficacy of cell-free DNA methylation-based blood test for colorectal cancer screening in high-risk population: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Although colonoscopy is the standard screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC), its use is limited by a poor compliance rate, the need for extensive bowel preparation, and the risk of complications. As an alternative, an FDA-approved stool-based DNA test, Cologuard, has demonstrated satisfactory detection performance for CRC, but its compliance rate remains suboptimal, primarily attributable to individuals' reluctance to provide stool samples. METHODS: We developed a noninvasive blood-based CRC test, ColonSecure, based on cell-free DNA containing cancer-specific CpG island methylation patterns. We initially screened publicly available datasets for differentially methylated CpG sites in CRC with prediction potential. Subsequently, we performed two sequential bisulfite-free methylation sequencing on blood samples obtained from CRC patients and non-cancer controls. Through rigorous evaluation of each marker and machine learning-assisted feature selection, we identified 149 hypermethylated markers from over 193,000 CpG sites. These markers were then utilized to construct the ColonSecure model, enabling accurate CRC detection. RESULTS: We validated the efficacy of our cell-free DNA methylation-based blood test for CRC screening with 3493 high-risk individuals identified from 114,136 urban residents. The ColonSecure test identified 89 out of 103 CRC patients diagnosed by the follow-up colonoscopy, outperforming CEA, CRP, and CA19-9 (with a sensitivity of 86.4% compared to 45.6%, 39.8%, and 25.2% for CEA, CRP, and CA19-9 respectively; an AUROC of 0.956 compared to an AUROC of < 0.77 for other methods). CONCLUSION: Our observations emphasize the potential of our multiple cfDNA methylation marker-based test for CRC screening in high-risk populations.

MRI-based Radiomics Model for Preoperative Prediction of Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To develop a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics model for preoperative prediction of lateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN) metastasis (LPLNM) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 263 patients with rectal cancer who underwent total mesorectal excision and LPLN dissection. Radiomics features from the primary lesion and LPLNs on baseline MRI images were utilized to construct a radiomics model, and their radiomics scores were combined to develop a radiomics scoring system. A clinical prediction model was developed using logistic regression. A hybrid predicting model was created through multivariable logistic regression analysis, integrating the radiomics score with significant clinical risk factors (baseline Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), clinical circumferential resection margin status, and the short axis diameter of LPLN). This hybrid model was presented with a hybrid clinical-radiomics nomogram, and its calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 148 patients were included in the analysis and randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 104) and an independent internal testing cohort (n = 44). The hybrid clinical-radiomics model exhibited the highest discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of 0.843 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.706-0.968] in the testing cohort compared to the clinical model [AUC (95% CI) = 0.772 (0.589-0.856)] and radiomics model [AUC (95% CI) = 0.731 (0.613-0.849)]. The hybrid prediction model also demonstrated good calibration, and decision curve analysis confirmed its clinical usefulness. CONCLUSION: This study developed a hybrid MRI-based radiomics model that incorporates a combination of radiomics score and significant clinical risk factors. The proposed model holds promise for individualized preoperative prediction of LPLNM in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

Colonic stem cells from normal tissues adjacent to tumor drive inflammation and fibrosis in colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: In colorectal cancer (CRC), the normal tissue adjacent to tumor (NAT) communicates actively with the tumor. Adult stem cells from the colon play a crucial role in the development of the colonic epithelium. In the tumor microenvironment, however, it is unclear what changes have occurred in colonic stem cells derived from NAT. METHODS: Using an intestinal stem cell culture system, we cultured colonic cells from NAT and paired CRC tissue, as well as cells from healthy tissue (HLT). Clonogenicity and differentiation ability were used to compare the function of clones from NAT, HLT and CRC tissues. RNA high-throughput sequencing of these clones was used to identify the molecular characteristics of NAT-derived clones. Coculture of clones from HLT and CRC was used to assess molecular changes. RESULTS: We found that the morphological characteristics, clonogenic ability, and differentiation ability of NAT-derived clones were consistent with those of HLT-derived clones. However, NAT-derived clones changed at the molecular level. A number of genes were specifically activated in NAT. NAT-derived clones enriched pathways related to inflammation and fibrosis, including epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway. Our results also confirmed that NAT-derived clones could recruit fibroblasts in mice. In addition, HLT-derived clones showed high expression of FOSB when cocultured with tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that colonic stem cells from NAT in the tumor microenvironment undergo changes at the molecular level, and these molecular characteristics can be maintained in vitro, which can induce fibrosis and an inflammatory response. Video Abstract.

GEMIN4, a potential therapeutic targets for patients with basal-like subtype breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) takes up about 10-20% of all breast cancer(BC), what's more, BLBC has the lowest survival rate among all BC subtypes because of lacks of efficient treatment methods. We aimed to explore the molecules that can be used as diagnostic maker for BLBC at early stage and provide optimized treatment strategies for BLBC patients in this study. METHODS: Apply weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify gene modules related to BLBC;The functional enrichment of candidate genes related to BLBC in the red module of Go data package and KEGG analysis;Overlapping cross analysis of URGs and WGCNA to identify candidate genes in each BC subtype;Divide BCBL patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, and analyze the two groups of overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS);Screening of GEMIN4 dependent cell lines; QRT PCR was used to verify the expression of GEMIN4 transfected with siRNA; CCK8 was used to determine the effect of GEMIN4 on cell viability; Positive cell count detected by BrdU staining;GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of GEMIN4. RESULTS: The "red module" has the highest correlation with BLBC, with 913 promising candidate genes identified from the red module;913 red module candidate genes related to BLBC participated in multiple GO terms, and KEGG enrichment analysis results mainly enriched in estrogen signaling pathways and pathways in cancer;There are 386 overlapping candidate genes among the 913 "red module" genes identified by 1893 common URG and WGCNA;In BLBC patients, 9 highly expressed genes are associated with OS. Five highly expressed genes are associated with RFS. Kaplan Meier survival analysis suggests that high GEMIN4 expression levels are associated with poor prognosis in BLBC patients;The GEMIN4 gene dependency score in HCC1143 and CAL120 cell lines is negative and low; Si-GEMIN4-1 can significantly reduce the mRNA expression of GEMIN4; Si-GEMIN4 can inhibit cell viability; Si-GEMIN4 can reduce the number of positive cells;GO enrichment analysis showed that GEMIN4 is associated with DNA metabolism processes and adenylate binding; KEGG pathway enrichment analysis shows that GEMIN4 is related to ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes. CONCLUSION: We hypothesized that GEMIN4 may be the potential target for the treatment of BLBC.

Fascia- vs vessel-oriented lateral lymph node dissection for rectal cancer: Short-term outcomes and prognosis in a single-center experience.

BACKGROUND: For the management of lateral lymph node (LLN) metastasis in patients with rectal cancer, selective LLN dissection (LLND) is gradually being accepted by Chinese scholars. Theoretically, fascia-oriented LLND allows radical tumor resection and protects of organ function. However, there is a lack of studies comparing the efficacy of fascia-oriented and traditional vessel-oriented LLND. Through a preliminary study with a small sample size, we found that fascia-oriented LLND was associated with a lower incidence of postoperative urinary and male sexual dysfunction and a higher number of examined LLNs. In this study, we increased the sample size and refined the postoperative functional outcomes. AIM: To compare the effects of fascia- and vessel-oriented LLND regarding short-term outcomes and prognosis. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on data from 196 patients with rectal cancer who underwent total mesorectal excision and LLND from July 2014 to August 2021. The short-term outcomes included perioperative outcomes and postoperative functional outcomes. The prognosis was measured based on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: A total of 105 patients were included in the final analysis and were divided into fascia- and vessel-oriented groups that included 41 and 64 patients, respectively. Regarding the short-term outcomes, the median number of examined LLNs was significantly higher in the fascia-oriented group than in the vessel-oriented group. There were no significant differences in the other short-term outcomes. The incidence of postoperative urinary and male sexual dysfunction was significantly lower in the fascia-oriented group than in the vessel-oriented group. In addition, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative lower limb dysfunction between the two groups. In terms of prognosis, there was no significant difference in PFS or OS between the two groups. CONCLUSION: It is safe and feasible to perform fascia-oriented LLND. Compared with vessel-oriented LLND, fascia-oriented LLND allows the examination of more LLNs and may better protect postoperative urinary function and male sexual function.

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor Subunit Delta (GABRD) Inhibits Breast Cancer Progression by Regulating the Cell Cycle.

Background: The role of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABR) in breast cancer (BC) is unknown. Methods: The expression of different GABR subunits between BC and adjacent normal tissues was compared using transcriptome data set. The clinical and prognostic importance of the various GABR subunit genes in BC was determined using clinical and survival data (Data downloaded from TCGA, May 2022). Only GABRD was discovered to be substantially expressed and strongly related to the prognosis of BC cases. Results: Compared with normal tissues, GABRD expression was increased in all subgroups of breast cancer tissues. Knockdown of GABRD inhibited the growth of BC cells. Mechanistically, the function of GABRD may be attributed to its effect on major pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, Parkinson disease, and cell cycle. GABRD deletion significantly blocked the G2/M phase in BC cells. Conclusion: Overall, GABRD might be a novel prognostic predictor of BC, providing clues for further studies on GABRD.

Geostatistical Analysis of the Spatial Variation of Chrysolina aeruginosa Larvae at Different Stages in Desert Ecosystems.

Chrysolina aeruginosa is a major pest of Artemisia ordosica, and knowledge of the spatial distribution pattern of its larvae in their natural habitat is crucial for the implementation of effective control measures. This study employed geostatistical methods to investigate the damage caused by larvae of different age groups and their spatial distribution pattern. The distribution of C. aeruginosa larvae, which cause damage to A. ordosica, differed significantly according to their age. Younger larvae were predominantly found in the middle and upper parts of the plant, whereas older larvae were mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts, with significant differences in distribution location. A generalized linear model analysis revealed that the height of the plant, and plant morphological characteristics such as height, crown width, and ground diameter were significantly correlated with the number of larvae present. Furthermore, the interaction of age with other variables had an impact on the number of larvae. Kriging interpolation showed that C. aeruginosa larvae were distributed in aggregated patches with strong spatial heterogeneity. The younger larvae were more abundant in the center of the sample site, while the older larvae tended to be distributed toward the edges. These findings provide valuable information for designing effective control programs.

Evaluating short-term and survival outcomes of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery for colorectal cancer: A single-centre retrospective study.

Background: Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) has been confirmed as an alternative approach without auxiliary incisions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term and survival outcomes of NOSES versus conventional laparoscopic surgery (LAP) in treatment of sigmoid and high rectal cancer. Method: The retrospective study was conducted at single centers between January 2017 to December 2021. Relevant data included clinical demographics, pathological features, operative parameters, postoperative complications and survival outcomes were collected and analyzed. All procedures were performed using either a NOSES or a conventional LAP approach. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance clinical and pathological features between the two groups. Results: After PSM, a total of 288 patients were eventually included in this study, 144 in each group. Patients in the NOSES group experienced faster recovery of gastrointestinal function (2.6 ± 0.8 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9 day, P = 0.037), less pain and less analgesia required (12.5% vs. 33.3%, P < 0.001). In addition, the incidence of surgical site infection in the LAP group was significantly higher than that in the NOSES group (12.5% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.011), especially incision-related complications (8.3% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.017). After a median follow-up of 32 (range, 3-75) months, the two groups had similar 3-year overall survival rates (88.4% vs. 88.6%; P = 0.850) and disease-free survival rates (82.9% vs. 77.2%; P = 0.494). Conclusion: The transrectal NOSES procedure is a well-established strategy with advantages in reducing postoperative pain, faster recovery of gastrointestinal function, and less incision-related complications. In addition, the long-term survival is similar between NOSES and conventional laparoscopic surgery.