Which ERP components are effective in measuring cognitive load in multimedia learning? A meta-analysis based on relevant studies.

The open and generative nature of multimedia learning environments tends to cause cognitive overload in learners, and cognitive load is difficult for researchers to observe objectively because of its implicit and complex nature. Event-related potentials (ERP), a method of studying potential changes associated with specific events or stimuli by recording the electroencephalogram (EEG), has become an important method of measuring cognitive load in cognitive psychology. Although many studies have relied on ERP output measurements to compare different levels of cognitive load in multimedia learning, the results of the effect of cognitive load on ERP have been inconsistent. In this study, we used a meta-analysis of evidence-based research to quantitatively analyze 17 experimental studies to quantitatively evaluate which ERP component (amplitude) is most sensitive to cognitive load. Forty five effect sizes from 26 studies involving 360 participants were calculated. (1) The results of the studies analyzed in subgroups indicated high level effect sizes for P300 and P200 (2) Analyses of moderating variables for signal acquisition did not find that different methods of signal acquisition had a significant effect on the measurement of cognitive load (3) Analyses of moderating variables for task design found that a task system with feedback was more convenient for the measurement of cognitive load, and that designing for 3 levels of cognitive load was more convenient for the measurement of cognitive load than for 2 levels of cognitive load. (4) Analyses of continuous moderating variables for subject characteristics did not find significant effects of age, gender, or sample size on the results.

A Picture Paints a Thousand Words: Perspectives of the Use of Images and Videos of Physical Findings in Virtual OSCE Teaching Sessions.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in medical students' education being disrupted and a new direction of learning towards the online classroom, with students frequently learning to identify clinical signs via online conferencing platforms. Given this shift in student study techniques in the pandemic and post-pandemic era, we set out to analyse the confidence levels of students recognizing clinical signs in patients and the opinions and patterns of resources students would use to build up the knowledge and confidence for their future clinical practice. Methods: OSCEazy, a student-led medical education organisation, delivered an online teaching session and disseminated a questionnaire containing ten-point Likert scales, multiple-choice questions and free text options. Results: The majority (over 75%) of respondents reported using digital resources to learn physical examinations. Most respondents were somewhat confident with recognising clinical signs during physical examinations (Median 7, IQR 6-8). Kruskal-Wallis H-test on students' impression of the quality of current OSCE materials showed a statistically significant difference between cohorts (X2(2) = 14.209, p = 0.014). A large proportion of students (98.41%) agreed that an online resources bank would be beneficial for their learning. Wilcoxon rank test showed a statistically significant preference for learning physical examinations using clinical images rather than videos (p = 0.014). A 29% of respondents mentioned the use of physical textbooks as a resource, while online platforms such as OSCE revision websites, YouTube and Google Images had become the mainstream platforms. Conclusion: The findings reported here suggest that there needs to be a greater emphasis on providing online image-based resources to support medical students in learning clinical signs. A resource containing these clinical signs would prove to be of benefit for students to access high-quality self-directed learning to identify and verify clinical signs.

From Tradition to Innovation: Analyzing Strategies and Support for Enhancing Badminton Course Teaching Quality through Educational Technology.

This study aims to explore the impact of Multimedia-Assisted Teaching (MAT) on the quality of physical education (PE) instruction in universities, with a particular focus on badminton courses. A quasi-experimental design was employed, including pre-tests and post-tests, involving two badminton classes at Ming Chuan University, with a total of 101 students. These two classes were assigned to an experimental group (using MAT) and a control group (traditional teaching methods). The research instrument used was the Physical Education Teaching Quality Scale (PETQ), which includes four factors: course content, teaching strategies, classroom management, and learning assessment. The results indicated that, compared to traditional teaching methods, the use of MAT significantly enhanced students' perception of the quality of PE instruction. The experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group across all scale factors, suggesting that MAT is more effective in capturing students' attention and improving learning outcomes. The conclusion suggests that MAT has significant advantages in improving the quality of physical education instruction. The integration of MAT enables more flexible lesson planning and enhances the learning process through the features of multimedia-assisted teaching. It is recommended that physical education teachers consider applying multimedia technologies to aid teaching, in order to increase student engagement and effectiveness.

Enhancing Security of Telemedicine Data: A Multi-Scroll Chaotic System for ECG Signal Encryption and RF Transmission.

Protecting sensitive patient data, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, during RF wireless transmission is essential due to the increasing demand for secure telemedicine communications. This paper presents an innovative chaotic-based encryption system designed to enhance the security and integrity of telemedicine data transmission. The proposed system utilizes a multi-scroll chaotic system for ECG signal encryption based on master-slave synchronization. The ECG signal is encrypted by a master system and securely transmitted to a remote location, where it is decrypted by a slave system using an extended state observer. Synchronization between the master and slave is achieved through the Lyapunov criteria, which ensures system stability. The system also supports Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and adaptive n-quadrature amplitude modulation (n-QAM) schemes to optimize signal discretization. Experimental validations with a custom transceiver scheme confirmed the system's effectiveness in preventing channel overlap during 2.5 GHz transmissions. Additionally, a commercial RF Power Amplifier (RF-PA) for LTE applications and a development board were integrated to monitor transmission quality. The proposed encryption system ensures robust and efficient RF transmission of ECG data, addressing critical challenges in the wireless communication of sensitive medical information. This approach demonstrates the potential for broader applications in modern telemedicine environments, providing a reliable and efficient solution for the secure transmission of healthcare data.

Effect of using multimedia and dynamic classroom integrated instruction on grade 11 students' biology academic achievement.

This study investigated the effects of multimedia and dynamic classroom integrated instruction (DCII) on students' academic achievement in two biology topics, i.e., respiration and photosynthesis. A non-equivalent, quasi-experimental design with a mixed research approach was employed. A total of 94 secondary school students participated in the study. Data were collected using biology achievement tests, classroom observations, and focus group discussions. The data was analyzed using paired and independent sample t-tests, repeated measure analysis of variance, and thematic analysis. Using the Kuder Richardson -20 (KR-20) formula, the calculated reliability coefficient of the BAT was .78. The results revealed that in the pretest and posttests, there was a statistically significant difference in biology achievement within the experimental group (t 47 = -17.461, p = .000) and in the posttest between the comparison and the experimental group (t 92 = 5.39, p = .000). Multimedia and DCII is a crucial factor that significantly enhanced academic performance between pretest and posttest scores (time effect), regardless of learning style. Still, there is no significant score difference between the three learning style groups, irrespective of time, and does not interact with each other. In conclusion, multimedia and DCII address the needs of diversified classroom learners, create a more active learning environment, simplify complex content, make the classroom busy, buffer educational inequality between learners, and replace unpractical lab activities. Mainly for abstract content, implementing systematic multimedia-based pedagogy can enhance students' achievement.

Employing targeted outreach to improve community involvement in detecting invasive Nile monitors (Varanus niloticus) in Florida.

We successfully employed targeted outreach to communities in Palm Beach County, Florida, to enhance detection of invasive reptiles. We defined targeted outreach as delivering a specific message to a specific audience, at a specific location, to obtain a specific result. These efforts improved our ability to solicit community involvement focused on target species of interest in locations at risk of potential establishment of incipient populations. From 2018 through 2020, we reached over 112,000 individuals who reported over 50 nonnative lizard sightings to EDDMapS, a web-based mapping system for documenting invasive species, and the State-managed IVE-GOT1 reporting hotline. We considered reports to be directly attributed to our outreach efforts when the reporter indicated our outreach method as the source from which they obtained information on reporting large invasive lizards. We found print media elicited the most reports, while social media reached the largest audience both in direct shares and spillover to additional communities outside our target area. We concluded that to help improve invasive species management programs, three tactics could be employed: (1) using multiple forms of media, (2) additional educational support to improve the accuracy of public reports, and (3) rapid, dedicated capability to respond to reported sightings.

Effectiveness of multimedia-based teaching on the learning rate of anesthesia technologist students in the field of central venous pressure monitoring: A comparative study.

BACKGROUND: Traditional teaching methods alone are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of modern societies. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of central venous pressure teaching through multimedia and lecture method on learning rate of anesthesia technologist students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, 41 undergraduate students of anesthesia technologist were selected through the census method and randomly divided into two groups: multimedia- and lecture-based teaching. The educational content was the same for both groups and was taught by the same educator. A pre-test was administered to both groups, and a post-test was conducted two weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired t-test with SPSS software version 26. RESULTS: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the mean scores between the two groups (P = 0.648). However, after the intervention, the learning rate significantly improved in both teaching methods (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean scores obtained from post-test increase in the multimedia-based group were significantly higher than the lecture-based group (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate the effectiveness of both methods. However, considering the advantages of multimedia-based teaching, such as responding to various learning styles and higher mean scores obtained from post-test of the multimedia-based group compared to the lecture-based group, it is recommended to utilize this teaching method in medical science courses.

Preliminary analysis of the melanoma multimedia educational program for general practitioners on behalf of the Italian Melanoma Intergroup.

According to the National Oncological Plan 2023-2027 on the importance of multidisciplinary and interactive e-learning training, the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI) has developed MelaMEd (Melanoma Multimedia Education), a national project for general practitioners (GPs) on the prevention and detection of cutaneous melanoma through an online platform and an online course. MelaMEd enables participants to i) recognize skin lesions that require specialist dermatological assessment, ii) select patients at high risk of melanoma and iii) be informed of the diagnosis and treatment pathway of patients with melanoma. A free online platform and online course were developed and launched in June 2022. Before starting the course, enrolled participants fill out a pre-training questionnaire concerning the basic knowledge of the disease and the recognition and management of suspicious lesions. After the course, participants will fill out the same questionnaire again. The online course will end in December 2023. Here we present a preliminary analysis of the pre-training results (January 2023-July 2023). The data have been analyzed descriptively. So far, five healthcare centers have participated in the project for a total of 1320 participants. Of these, 298 compiled the pre-training questionnaire. Forty-seven percent of them were aged <40 years. Respondents were almost divided between GPs (47%) and resident GPs (48%). Among the theoretical questions, the ABCDE rule and ugly duckling sign are well known (96% and 91% of correct answers, respectively), but a lower percentage (68%) of respondents knows the EFG rule for the recognition of nodular melanomas and the statement of Breslow thickness (29%). Regarding the series of clinical images of pigmented skin lesions and their management, the percentages rate of accuracy varied from 33% to 87%: melanoma (5 cases) ranges from 36% to 71%, melanocytic nevi (3 cases) from 33% to 84%, whereas the percentages rate of referral for dermatological evaluation varied from 44% to 99%. Melanoma cases referred to dermatologist ranges from 67% to 99%. This preliminary analysis on pre-train-ing questionnaire mainly showed a lack of knowledge of the two major points of melanoma diagnosis (EFG) and management (Breslow thickness), as well as a low rate of participants. We will compare the proportions of correct answers to the questionnaires before and after the course once available.

The effect of an educational video on the immediate insertion of postpartum contraceptive implants: A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of an educational video on immediate postpartum contraceptive implant utilization. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled study conducted in a university hospital. Postpartum women aged over 18 years were recruited and divided into two groups: the intervention group, which viewed a 7-min educational video about contraceptive implants; and the control group, which did not. We evaluated the uptake of contraceptive implants immediately and during a 12-week period postpartum, in addition to the reasons for not selecting this method. RESULTS: A total of 202 participants were included in the study, 101 in each group. Viewing the educational video was associated with higher immediate postpartum contraceptive implant usage (22.77% vs 10.89%; relative risk [RR] 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-4.06). However, no significant difference was observed at the postpartum follow-up visit (29.9% vs 25.74%; RR 1.61, 95% CI 0.74-1.82). The primary reasons for not selecting contraceptive implants were concerns about potential side effects and discomfort associated with the insertion procedure. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of an animated educational video significantly improved immediate postpartum contraceptive implant uptake, making it a potentially viable strategy in settings with high rates of loss to follow-up. However, further research into how to address patients' fears regarding the implant is required.

Development and validation of a new tool to assess quality of decision-making by older children and parents about research participation.

OBJECTIVE: Effective decision-making is crucial for children and young people's trial participation, but specific tools to measure it are lacking. The TRECA (TRials Engagement in Children and Adolescents) Decision-Making Questionnaire (DMQ) was developed to fill this gap and has been evaluated for reliability and validity METHODS: We created the TRECA Decision-Making Questionnaire, based on similar measures for adults, and recruited participants through seven Studies-Within-a-Trial (SWATs). Participants were randomly assigned to receive trial information either as a printed Participant Information Sheet or Multimedia Information, or both, and asked to complete the DMQ. We calculated item completion rates, item-remainder statistics and Cronbach's Alpha, and conducted factor analysis. RESULTS: 549 participants (433 parents/guardians, 116 older children) completed a DMQ. It had high completion rates and internal consistency (Alpha = 0.88 for parents/guardians and 0.84 for older children) and moderate to high inter-item correlations. The DMQ had a single factor accounting for 53 % of variance. CONCLUSIONS: The TRECA DMQ is a useful tool for evaluating research participation decisions in older children, as well as parents and guardians. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Our study suggests that the TRECA DMQ can be used to assess the quality of decision-making about trials in parents, guardians and older children.

A Review of the Design of Multimedia Patient Educational Materials in Low Back Pain Research.

Low back pain guidelines recommend patient education as a component of management. Multimedia education materials to provide patient education are increasingly being used not only due to the convenience of digital services but also because this is an efficient way to deliver educational information to under-resourced or rural/remote regions without optimal healthcare services. To maximize the knowledge transfer of research findings and low back pain guidelines, scientifically backed information must evolve beyond journal prints, bland government websites, and the basic web design of budget-constrained advocacy groups. Materials must instead be engaging for the public and compete with the various sources of low back pain misinformation, which can appear attractive and eye-catching while being conveniently accessed. We discuss a data subset from a larger musculoskeletal healthcare review to highlight the educational materials used in low back pain randomized controlled trials found in the literature. While there is no standard way to appraise the effectiveness of such educational materials, potential options are discussed. Future research is needed to determine whether knowledge is being transferred and whether this is the avenue to improving patient outcomes.

Refining CycleGAN with attention mechanisms and age-Aware training for realistic Deepfakes.

In the evolving landscape of deep learning technologies, the emergence of Deepfakes and synthetic media is becoming increasingly prominent within digital media production. This research addresses the limitations inherent in existing face image generation algorithms based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), particularly the challenges of domain irrelevancy and inadequate facial detail representation. The study introduces an enhanced face image generation algorithm, aiming to refine the CycleGAN framework. The enhancement involves a two-fold strategy: firstly, the generator's architecture is refined through the integration of an attention mechanism and adaptive residual blocks, enabling the extraction of more nuanced facial features. Secondly, the discriminator's accuracy in distinguishing real from synthetic images is improved by incorporating a relative loss concept into the loss function. Additionally, this study presents a novel model training approach that incorporates age constraints, thereby mitigating the effects of age variations on the synthesized images. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is empirically validated through comparative analysis with existing methodologies, utilizing the CelebA dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances the realism of generated face images, outperforming current methods in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), while also achieving notable improvements in subjective visual quality. The implementation of this advanced method is anticipated to substantially elevate the efficiency and quality of digital media production, contributing positively to the broader field of digital media creation.

Multi-media environmental fate of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in China: A systematic review of emissions, presence, transport modeling and health risks.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are notorious persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with proven toxicity to human and ecosystems. This review critically evaluates existing research, emphasizing knowledge gaps regarding PCDD/F emissions, environmental behavior, human exposure, and associated risks in China. The current emission inventory of PCDD/Fs in China remains highly uncertain, both in terms of total emissions and emission trends. Moreover, existing monitoring data primarily focus on areas near pollution sources, limiting comprehensive understanding of the overall spatiotemporal characteristics of PCDD/F pollution. To address this, we propose a novel approach that integrates the Multi-media Urban Mode (MUM) model with an atmospheric chemical transport model that includes a dual adsorption model to capture gas-particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs in the atmosphere. This coupled model can simulate the transport and fate of PCDD/Fs in multi-media environments with high spatiotemporal resolution, facilitating a nuanced understanding of the impacts of emissions, climate, urbanization and other factors on PCDD/F pollution. Additionally, dietary ingestion, particularly from animal-derived foods, is identified as the predominant source (up to 98%) of human exposure to PCDD/Fs. While the changes in dietary structure, population distribution, and age structure can influence human exposure to PCDD/Fs, their impacts have not yet been quantified. The proposed model lays the foundation for a systematic assessment of health risks from PCDD/F exposure through various pathways by further incorporating a food chain model. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive strategy for assessing PCDD/F pollution, encompassing the entire continuum from emissions to environmental impacts.

Unpuzzling spatio-vertical and multi-media patterns of aniline accelerators/antioxidants in an urban estuary.

Aniline accelerators and antioxidants (AAs) are high-production-volume industrial additives that have recently attracted emerging concern given their ubiquity in environmental compartments and the associated (eco)toxic effects. Nonetheless, available information on the multi-media behavior of AAs and their transformation products (TPs) remains scarce. Therefore, we determined the residues of twenty-four AA(TP)s in paired dissolved phases (i.e., filtered water), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment samples collected from the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE), a highly urbanized estuary in the East China. The median total concentrations of targeted compounds were 0.73 ng/g dw, 34.4 ng/L, and 39.6 ng/L in sediments, surface and bottom water, respectively. Diphenylamine (DPA) was the most abundant congener in SPM, while 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG) and dicyclohexylamine (DChA) dominated in the dissolved phases and sediments. Various anthropogenic emissions and (a)biotic degradation may collectively shape the matrix-specific accumulation patterns and spatial trends of these compounds across the YRE. However, the vertical patterns of AA(TP)s were obscure, probably due to the estuarine hydrodynamics and/or the modest sample size. The SPM fractions of AA(TP)s in water (Ф: 7.9-100%) and the sediment sorption coefficients (KOC: 0.01-6.56) both positively correlated with their hydrophobicity as indicated by the octanol-water partition coefficient (KOW). Moreover, risk quotients implied moderate to high aquatic toxicity posed by several AA(TP)s at certain YRE sites. The estimated total annual fluxes of our analytes transported via water and sediments towards the East China Sea were 5.90-365.5 tons and 4.23-1,100 kg, respectively. This work provides a systematic investigation of multi-media processes and ecological risks of AA(TP)s in a highly-urbanized estuary, contributing to holistic comprehension of these emerging contaminants in estuarine environments.

Supporting Differentiated Streaming Services in Heterogeneous Vehicle-to-Everything Networks.

Advancements in assisted driving technologies are expected to enable future passengers to use a wide range of multimedia applications in electric vehicles (EVs). To address the bandwidth demands for high-resolution and immersive videos during peak traffic, this study introduces a bandwidth-management algorithm to support differentiated streaming services in heterogeneous vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. By leveraging cellular 6G base stations, along with Cell-Free (CF) Massive Multi-Input Multi-Output (mMIMO) Wi-Fi 7 access points, the algorithm aims to provide a high-coverage, high-speed, and low-interference V2X network environment. Additionally, Li-Fi technology is employed to supply extra bandwidth to vehicles with limited connectivity via V2V communication. Importantly, the study addresses the urgency and prioritization of different applications to ensure the smooth execution of emergency applications and introduces a pre-downloading mechanism specifically for non-real-time applications. Through simulations, the algorithm's effectiveness in meeting EV users' bandwidth needs for various multimedia streaming applications is demonstrated. During peak-bandwidth-demand periods, users experienced an average increase in bandwidth of 47%. Furthermore, bandwidth utilization across the V2X landscape is significantly improved.

Enhancing informed consent through multimedia tools in pediatric spinal surgery: a comprehensive review.

Pediatric spine surgery is a high complexity procedure that can carry risks ranging from pain to neurological damage, and even death. This comprehensive mini review explores current best practice obtaining valid and meaningful informed consent (IC) prior to pediatric spinal surgery, including modalities that support effective comprehension and understanding. An evaluation of the literature was performed to explore understanding of surgical IC by patients or their guardians and the role of multimedia tools as a possible facilitator. The evidence discussed throughout this review, based on legal and ethical perspectives, reveals challenges faced by patients and guardians in achieving comprehension and understanding, especially when facing stressful medical situations. In this context, the introduction of multimedia tools emerges as a patient-centered strategy to help improve comprehension and decrease pre-operative uncertainty. This review highlights the need for a tailored approach in obtaining IC for pediatric patients and suggests a potential role of shared decision-making (SDM) in the surgical discussion process.

Effectiveness of multimedia education on the childbearing intention in one-child women: a field trial study.

BACKGROUND: childbearing is a key component of population movements and sustainable development in low-fertility nations. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the impact of multimedia education on the childbearing intention in One-child women of Maragheh city. METHOD: In this intervention study in Maragheh in 2023, 94 women with one child were randomly selected and placed in two intervention and control groups. Before the intervention, people were examined using demographic information and Miller's questionnaire of desire to have children. Then, For the intervention group, three 60-minute multimedia training videos were shown in person for three weeks, and the control group did not receive any training. The data were collected using the researcher's demographic questionnaire and Miller's childbearing questionnaire in three stages before the intervention, immediately after and six weeks after the intervention. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 16 software. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the average score of desire to have children and demographic variables (p > 0.05). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of the demographic characteristics of the subjects and the average score of women's willingness to have children in the positive and negative dimensions. While after the multimedia educational intervention, the average score of desire to have children in positive and negative dimensions, immediately after the intervention and six weeks after the intervention, had a significant difference compared to before the intervention (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings of the study showed that carrying out multimedia educational interventions to single-child women can have a positive effect on their desire to have children. It seems that the implementation of such programs is effective in the conscious decision of families to have children and ultimately increases the intention of the individual to carry out the behavior. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20230227057549N1. Date of registration: 16/04/2023. URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/ .

Improving Interdisciplinary Communication and Pathology Reporting for Head and Neck Cancer Resections: 3D Visualizations and Margin Reconciliation.

PURPOSE: Surgical pathology reports play an integral role in postoperative management of head and neck cancer patients. Pathology reports of complex head and neck resections must convey critical information to all involved clinicians. Previously, we demonstrated the utility of 3D specimen and defect scanning for communicating margin status and documenting the location of supplemental margins. We introduce a newly designed permanent pathology report which improves documentation of intraoperative margin mapping and extent of corresponding supplemental margins harvested. METHODS: We test the hypothesis that gaps in understanding exist for head and neck resection pathology reports across providers. A cross-sectional exploratory study using human-centered design was implemented to evaluate the existing permanent pathology report with respect to understanding margin status. Pathologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists from United States-based medical institutions were surveyed. The results supported a redesign of our surgical pathology template, incorporating 3D specimen / defect scans and annotated radiographic images indicating the location of inadequate margins requiring supplemental margins, or indicating frankly positive margins discovered on permanent section. RESULTS: Forty-seven physicians completed our survey. Analyzing surgical pathology reports, 28/47 (60%) respondents reported confusion whether re-excised supplemental margins reflected clear margins, 20/47 (43%) reported uncertainty regarding final margin status, and 20/47 (43%) reported the need for clarity regarding the extent of supplemental margins harvested intraoperatively. From this feedback, we designed a new pathology report template; 61 permanent pathology reports were compiled with this new template over a 12-month period. CONCLUSION: Feedback from survey respondents led to a redesigned permanent pathology report that offers detailed visual anatomic information regarding intraoperative margin findings and exact location/size of harvested supplemental margins. This newly designed report reconciles frozen and permanent section results and includes annotated radiographic images such that clinicians can discern precise actions taken by surgeons to address inadequate margins, as well as to understand the location of areas of concern that may influence adjuvant radiation planning.

Picture book videos incorporating key word signing for children who require AAC and their families: design and evaluation of a multimedia-enhanced setting.

Key word signing (KWS) is an unaided form of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and is frequently used by children with cognitive impairments and their families. Successful implementation of KWS requires a family environment that provides aided language input by modeling the signs. However, families face challenges implementing the signs in their everyday lives. KWS requires effort and sustained parental commitment. Users may also struggle with finding good learning resources and stimulating and enjoyable shared contexts for communication. Signed videos of popular children's books may help to implement KWS and create a signing environment which exposes children and their families to KWS in meaningful ways. The aim of this study was to create videos of this type and investigate whether and how they might serve as an attractive medium of support for families' KWS experience. Three families tested the videos. A triangulated qualitative study incorporating interviews and participant observation explored the families' experience of using these videos as a context for shared communication. The findings suggest that picture book videos supplemented by KWS may be appropriate resources for the use of KWS in everyday family life. They serve as a child-centered activity involving KWS exposure, in which children and their families can participate joyfully and naturally.

Personalized interactive multimedia systems to support meaningful activities in dementia care: A systematic review To be published in: Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Interactive multimedia systems are widely used to enhance participation in meaningful activities for older people living with dementia. This review aims to analyze and synthesize current evidence regarding personalization of these systems, by considering the type of content included, the selection process and the experience of people living with dementia when interacting with the content. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration number blinded for review), a systematic search was undertaken across 4 databases. Meta-aggregation pooled data for synthesis. RESULTS: A total of 520 articles were identified from searches in four databases, and 15 were included in this review. Two classes of content were identified: personal, often autobiographical; and curated, carefully chosen generic content appropriate for a wider group of people in the demographic. Variety of content can act as a trigger for autobiographical memories. Personalized music enhanced a desire to engage and prompted meaningful interactions among participants. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Despite some differences in the selected studies, the findings enabled us outline key points to consider when personalizing interactive multimedia systems for people living with dementia. Further research should focus on studying the social condition of the target users during the personalization process and on the benefits for caregivers.