Association of ABO phenotype, rhesus factor, platelet count and hemoglobin level with oral hygiene status and severity of chronic periodontitis.

Background: The development of periodontal diseases has multifactorial causes including genetic factors. Limited investigations have been conducted to explore the association between ABO blood groups and the development and progression of periodontal diseases. Aim: To evaluate and assess the association of ABO Phenotype and Rhesus factor with oral hygiene status, severity of chronic periodontitis and blood parameters like hemoglobin level and Platelet count in localized and generalized chronic periodontitis. Material and methods: Study was carried out on 100 patients, out of which 80 patients of Generalized Chronic Periodontitis and 20 patients of Localized Chronic Periodontitis. Patients were categorized into Mild, Moderate and Severe Periodontitis. Result: A highly significant association was found between severity of periodontitis and blood groups with blood group B and O were found to be at a greater risk to develop moderate to severe form of chronic periodontitis. Also subjects with blood group B and O showed worst oral hygiene among all the blood groups. Also patients suffering from chronic periodontitis showed a general trend towards lower limit of both hemoglobin level and platelet. Conclusion: Genetic factors such as ABO blood group antigens may act as a risk influencer that plays a role in progression and severity of the chronic periodontitis, with blood group B and O being worst affected. Another observation was that a long standing case of chronic periodontitis can lead to anemia thus having systemic implications.

ABO and RhD blood groups and their relationship with diseases: A retrospective study.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups and their relationship with diseases. Methods: The retrospective study was carried out in Bursa Uludag University Family Health Center in Turkey between 1-28 February, 2023. The data of individuals who were registered with the Family Health Center and whose blood types were known were evaluated retrospectively. Blood group type, sociodemographic findings, existing diseases, allergies, and genetic disease conditions were obtained. P-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Analysis were made in the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: A total of 3834 people, 1935 male (50.5%) and 1899 female (49.5%) participated in the study. The mean age of the individuals was 26.45±10.45 years. About 75.8 percent of the participants were university students, 6.3 percent were health workers, and 17.9 percent were from other occupational groups. The rates of blood groups were determined as O Rh D+ at 33.5%, AB Rh D+ at 26.9%, A Rh D+ at 14.9%, AB Rh D- at 7.7%, B Rh D+ at 7%, O Rh D- at 4.6%, B Rh D- at 3.2% and A Rh D- at 2.2%. It was determined that the O Rh D- group had a higher rate of genetic disease than the other groups (p=0.01). Conclusion: It was determined that the O Rh D+ blood group was found more frequently in our region's population than in other groups. This different result depending on the A Rh D+ blood group, which is the most common throughout the country may have reflected the influence of different geographical regions and ethnic characteristics due to the students in our population. In addition, the results regarding the relationships between blood groups and occupation, genetics, existing disease, presence of allergies, and visual defects in the eye are important.

ABO and Rh (D) blood group phenotype distribution pattern among blood donors at the Nekemte Blood Bank, Oromia, West Ethiopia: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood group phenotypes among blood donors. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled blood donors whose socio-demographic and blood group phenotype data were collected from blood bank donor records. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the number and percentage distribution of categorical variables. To determine if the distributions of the ABO and Rh phenotypes differed, a chi-square test was employed. RESULTS: Of 14,887 blood donors with a median age of 20 years (interquartile range = 18-30 years), 72.8% were males, and young donors (age range = 18-24 years) accounted for 61.7%. Group O (45.6%) was the most prevalent ABO blood phenotype, followed by A (29.5%), B (20.2%), and AB (4.7%). The dominant blood group was O positive (42.4%), followed by A positive (27.4%), B positive (18.9%), AB positive (4.3%), O negative (3.2%), A negative (2.1%), B negative (1.3%), and AB negative (0.4%). The overall Rh (D)-negative distribution rate was 7.0%. CONCLUSION: This study showed that blood group O was the most common ABO phenotype, followed by A, B, and AB. Overall, 93.0% of the donors were Rh (D)-positive. These findings may help guide blood transfusion programmes.

Preoperative risk factors predict perioperative allogenic blood transfusion in patients undergoing primary lung cancer resections: a retrospective cohort study from a high-volume thoracic surgery center.

BACKGROUND: Our study aimed to identify preoperative predictors for perioperative allogenic blood transfusion (ABT) in patients undergoing major lung cancer resections in order to improve the perioperative management of patients at risk for ABT. METHODS: Patients admitted between 2014 and 2016 in a high-volume thoracic surgery clinic were retrospectively evaluated in a cohort study based on a control group without ABT and the ABT group requiring packed red blood cell units within 15 days postoperatively until discharge. The association of ABT with clinically established parameters (sex, preoperative anemia, liver and coagulation function, blood groups, multilobar resections) was analyzed by contingency tables, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and logistic regression analysis, taking into account potential covariates. RESULTS: 60 out of 529 patients (11.3%) required ABT. N1 and non-T1 tumors, thoracotomy approach, multilobar resections, thoracic wall resections and Rhesus negativity were more frequent in the ABT group. In multivariable analyses, female sex, preoperative anemia, multilobar resections, as well as serum alanine-aminotransferase levels, thrombocyte counts and Rhesus negativity were identified as independent predictors of ABT, being associated with OR (95% Confidence interval, p-value) of 2.44 (1.23-4.88, p = 0.0112), 18.16 (8.73-37.78, p < 0.0001), 5.79 (2.50-13.38, p < 0.0001), 3.98 (1.73-9.16, p = 0.0012), 2.04 (1.04-4.02, p = 0.0390) and 2.84 (1.23-6.59, p = 0.0150), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing major lung cancer resections, multiple independent risk factors for perioperative ABT apart from preoperative anemia and multilobar resections were identified. Assessment of these predictors might help to identify high risk patients preoperatively and to improve the strategies that reduce perioperative ABT.

Is the Development of Gestational Diabetes Associated With the ABO Blood Group/Rhesus Phenotype?

Aims: There are few published data on the putative association between the ABO blood group/rhesus (Rh) factor and the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Our aim was to explore the link between each one factor and GDM development. Methods: All women having given birth at Lille University Medical Center (Lille, France) between August 1st, 2017, and February 28th, 2018, were tested for GDM, using the method recommended in the French national guidelines. The risk of GDM was assessed for each ABO blood group, each Rh phenotype and combinations thereof, using logistic regression models. Results: 1194 women had at least one GDM risk factor. The percentage of GDM varied with the ABO group (p=0.013). Relative to group O women, group AB women were more likely to develop GDM (OR = 2.50, 95% CI [1.43 to 4.36], p=0.001). Compared with the Rh-positive O group, only the Rh-positive AB group had an elevated risk of developing GDM (OR = 3.02, 95% CI [1.69 to 5.39], p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results showed that Rh-positive group AB women have a greater risk of GDM. With a view to preventing GDM, at-risk individuals could be identified by considering the ABO blood group phenotype either as a single risk factor or in combination with other risk factors.

Role of ABO Blood Groups in Susceptibility and Severity of COVID-19 in the Georgian Population.

Aim and objective: The establishment of the potential role of the infected people's ABO blood type in the virus infectivity and aggressivity could clarify the aspects of the various susceptibility to virus and play a key role in assessing its spreading potential in the future. We studied the possible association of risk of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection and severe outcomes of disease with ABO blood groups and Rh factor in the Georgian population. Materials and methods: The effect of blood type on the severity of infection in COVID-19 positive patients admitted to the First University Clinic of Tbilisi State University (Tbilisi, Georgia) from December 2020 to September 2021 was analyzed retrospectively. The odds ratio (OR) criterion was used to determine the influence of the blood group on the risk of COVID-19 infection and of severe course of the disease. Results: The incidence of COVID-19 was 1.65-fold higher in the patients with blood group II(A), and average twice lower in patients with blood groups III(B) and IV(AB), compared with the ABO blood group distribution in healthy donors of the region. The percentage of patients transferring in ICU with I(O) and II(A) blood groups was enough high (42-40%), whereas in patients with III(B) and IV(AB) blood groups very low (12-6%). There were not revealed any statistically significant differences in the distribution of the patients with Rh+ and Rh- blood groups in healthy and COVID-19 infected individuals (including those transferred in the ICU). Conclusion: The link between patients' ABO blood groups and receptivity to COVID-19 infection, progression and severity of the disease, has been detected. These results are relevant in terms of elucidating the mechanisms and risk factors of infecting and severity course of COVID-19 disease. How to cite this article: Ratiani L, Sanikidze TV, Ormotsadze G, Pachkoria E, Sordia G. Role of ABO Blood Groups in Susceptibility and Severity of COVID-19 in the Georgian Population. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(4):487-490.

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Phenotypes Among Blood Donors at Bahir Dar Blood Bank, Amhara, Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Among the blood group antigens identified, ABO and Rhesus are the most important in transfusion medicine. ABO blood group antigens are the most immunogenic followed by Rhesus (D antigen). These blood groups' frequency distribution varies among different regions and races of the world. This study aimed to identifying the frequency distribution of ABO blood group and rhesus factors among blood donors in Ethiopia. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Aretrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from September 12/2019 to March 18/2021 at Bahir Dar blood bank service. After getting a permission letter from the blood bank, data were collected from the blood bank donor data registration system, and descriptive statistical results were presented in number (frequency) and percentage. A Chi-square test was used to show the difference in the frequency distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among sex and blood donation site. RESULTS: From 40,053 blood donors, 67.7% were males and younger donors (within the age range of 18-24 years) account for 63.7%. All donations were from voluntary non-remunerated blood donors. The most common blood group was blood group O (41.5%) followed by A (29.8), B (23.2%), and AB (5.5%). Considering ABO and Rh blood group altogether blood group O positive with 37.9% was the predominant blood group followed by A positive (27.2%), B positive (21.4%), AB positive (5%), O negative (3.6%), A negative (2.6%), B negative (1.8%), and AB negative (0.4%). The majority of study participants were 91.5% Rh (D) positive. CONCLUSION: This study showed that blood group O was the predominant followed by A, B, and AB and most of the blood donors' blood groups were Rh-positive (91.5%). About 68.9% of the total donations were from the first time donor.

Frequency of ABO and Rh Blood Group Distribution at Debre Tabor Blood Bank, Amhara Region, North-Central Ethiopia. A Six-Year Retrospective Survey.

INTRODUCTION: Blood is arranged into four groups based on their surface antigen (A, B, AB, and O). In addition to this classification based on the Rhesus factor, each blood group clustered into RH positive and RH negative. This study was done to identify the distribution of blood group and rhesus factors on the local blood bank. OBJECTIVE: To identify the frequency of ABO blood group and RH factors distribution on voluntary blood donator at Debre Tabor blood bank from May 2014 to May 2020. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted to identify the frequency of ABO and Rh factor distribution on voluntary blood donors at Debre Tabor town blood bank. The data was collected at Debre Tabor blood bank. A six-year data and a total of 19,901 bags collected blood samples were used for summarization of the data. The data was analysed by using SPSS version 21. RESULTS: Blood group "O" was the dominated one with 39.6% followed by blood group "A", "B" and "AB" with 29.48%, 24.06%, and 6.7%, respectively. When we see the RH classifications, RH positive accounts the highest percentage 92.77% and the remaining 7.23% was Rh negatives. CONCLUSION: In this survey, the majority of blood groups were found "O" followed by "A", "B", and "AB". Among the collected blood unities, 92.77% was RH positive. The leading blood donators were male.

Distribution pattern of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among different ethnic population of Karachi.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the distribution pattern of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among different ethnic populations in an urban centre. METHODS: The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Kharadar General Hospital, Karachi, from May to Dec 2017, and comprised antenatal and walk-in individuals of different ethnic groups who were tested at the hospital's clinical laboratory. Blood groups typing was carried out using Slide Agglutination (antigen-antibody) method with antisera anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D. SPSS 16 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the 3521 subjects, 1253(35.6%) had blood group O, 1167(33.1%) group B, 849(24.1%) group A and 252(7.2%) had group AB. Also, 3209(91.1%) were Rhesus-positive and 312(8.9%) Rhesus-negative. Blood group Opositive was predominant in Balochi 381(41%), Mohajir 197(36%), Sindhi 147(38%), Hindko 39(44%) and Seraiki14(43.8%) groups, while B-positive was common among Pathan 207(35%), Punjabi 116(35%), Kacchi 123(37%), Memon 79(37%) and Bengali 20(36%) groups. CONCLUSIONS: O positive was the most common and AB negative was the least common blood groups among different ethnic populations of Karachi.

AB0 blood groups and rhesus factor expression as prognostic parameters in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer - a retrospective multi-centre study.

BACKGROUND: AB0 blood groups and Rhesus factor expression have been associated with carcinogenesis, response to treatment and tumor progression in several malignancies. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that AB0 blood groups and Rhesus factor expression are associated with clinical outcome in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS: AB0 blood groups and Rhesus factor expression were evaluated in a retrospective multicenter study including 518 patients with EOC. Their association with patients' survival was assessed using univariate and multivariable analyses. RESULTS: Neither AB0 blood groups nor Rhesus factor expression were associated with clinico-pathological parameters, recurrence-free, cancer-specific, or overall survival. In a subgroup of patients with high-grade serous adenocarcinoma, however, blood groups B and AB were associated with a better 5-year cancer-specific survival rate compared to blood groups A and 0 (60.3 ± 8.6% vs. 43.8 ± 3.6%, p = 0.04). Yet, this was not significant in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: AB0 blood groups and Rhesus factor expression are both neither associated with features of biologically aggressive disease nor clinical outcome in patients with EOC. Further investigation of the role of the blood group B antigen on cancer-specific survival in the subgroup of high-grade serous should be considered.

Is there an association of ABO blood groups and Rhesus factor with alopecia areata?

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by noncicatricial hair loss localized on hair, beard, mustache, eyebrow, eyelash, and sometimes on the body. Although etiopathogenesis is not fully understood, many studies show remarkable associations between various diseases and ABO blood groups. However, there is no study with AA and blood groups. METHODS: Healthy people and patients with AA were included in this study. A total of 155 patients with AA and 299 healthy controls were included in the study. RESULTS: ABO blood group distribution in patients with AA and distribution of healthy donors were similar. However, Rhesus factor positivity in the AA group was significantly higher than in healthy donors. The relationship between stress and AA was high as known. But, ABO blood group and Rhesus factor were not in a significant connection with stress. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there was no association between ABO blood group and AA, but the observed distribution of Rhesus blood group differed slightly but significantly from that of the healthy population. The result of the study shows a small but statistically significant difference in the Rh blood group between patients with AA and the healthy population blood groups. This result is important because it suggests that genetic factors may influence the development of AA. The role of blood groups in the development of AA remains to be determined. We believe that the studies which will be carried out in other centers with wider series will be more valuable to support this hypothesis.

ABO and Rhesus blood group distribution and frequency among blood donors at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the distribution of blood groups and the demographic background of blood donors in a referral hospital in Northern Tanzania. RESULTS: The most common blood group was O (52.3%) and the least common was AB (3.18%). 97.7% of the blood donors were Rh positive and the rest were Rh negative. Most donors were young adults, representing the age group of 19-29. The majority of donors were male (88.1%) and the majority (90.8%) were replacement while the remainder was voluntary donors.

Is there an association between ABO blood grouping and periodontal disease? A literature review.

INTRODUCTION: Although several studies have investigated the relationship between ABO blood group and medical diseases, few reports have explored the association with oral diseases, including periodontal disease (PD). AIM: The aim of this literature review was to assess the association between the ABO blood grouping and PD. METHODS: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the following terms in different combinations: "ABO blood group," "periodontitis," "aggressive periodontitis (AP)," "risk factor," and "Rhesus factor." Databases were searched for articles published from 1977 to August 2016. Titles and abstracts of articles were screened for English-language papers describing clinical studies, case reports, or retrospective studies of oral health status in patients with different ABO blood groups. Letters to the editor, historic reviews, and articles including unpublished data were excluded. Reference lists of included studies were reviewed for additional original and review studies. RESULTS: We identified eight articles describing studies of the relationship between ABO blood groups and PD. The findings suggested a possible genetic basis in the association of the blood group AB with AP. Four studies showed that chronic periodontitis was more common among patients with blood group O. CONCLUSION: ABO blood subgroup and Rhesus factor could constitute risk predictors in the development of PD.

ABO Blood Group and Rhesus Factor Are Not Associated with Outcomes After Radical Cystectomy for Non-metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder.

AIM: To investigate the role of ABO blood group and Rhesus factor as a predictor of outcome in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for non-metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of 463 consecutive patients treated with RC between 1988 and 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. The effect on recurrence-free survival, and cancer-specific and overall mortality were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox regression methods. RESULTS: Overall, 185 (41.3%), 190 (42.4%), 46 (10.3%) and 27 (6%) patients expressed O, A, B and AB phenotypes, respectively; 65 (14.5%) were Rhesus-negative. Median follow-up was 14.2 years (interquartile range=10.2-17.1 years). No individual blood group was associated with any clinicopathological characteristics whereas Rhesus-positive patients had a higher rate of pT4 disease (11% vs. 22%; p=0.02). ABO blood groups were not associated with outcomes. Rhesus-positive patients had an increased risk of shorter recurrence-free survival, and of cancer-specific and overall mortality compared to Rhesus-negative patients (all p<0.03). In multivariable analyses that adjusted for the effects of standard characteristics, this association disappeared. CONCLUSION: The results of our study showed that neither ABO blood group nor Rhesus factor are associated with oncological outcomes. The clinical relevance of blood groups and Rhesus factor in bladder cancer remains questionable.

Correlation of ABO Blood Group Phenotype and Rhesus Factor with Periodontal Disease: An Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: The knowledge of the ABO blood group phenotype of the patients and their correlation with the periodontal disease maybe important in the development of early treatment strategies, and it would be helpful to target non-responding areas to periodontal therapy of the susceptible individuals. AIMS: The present study was conducted to determine whether there was any correlation between periodontal diseases and ABO blood groups and Rh factor. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study was carried out on 537 subjects attending Faculty of Dental Sciences OPD in BHU. Subjects were divided into three groups: group I (healthy subjects), group II (subjects with gingivitis), and group III (subjects with periodontitis) based on periodontal examination (Gingival index, Bleeding Index, Probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level). ABO Blood grouping were done and correlated with the periodontal status of study subjects. Statistical Analysis: Data was analyzed using the statistical software namely Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 16, IBM Analytics) and Systat 8.0. RESULTS: In this study, there was a greater prevalence of gingivitis in blood group O and periodontitis in blood group B. The blood group AB showed the least prevalence of periodontal diseases. Similarly gingivitis and peridontitis were significantly higher among Rhesus positive groups when compared with Rhesus negative groups. CONCLUSION: Considering the results of this study, it can be concluded that ABO blood groups and Rh factor could be a risk factor for the development of periodontal disease.