Orthodontic and orthopedic management of dentofacial deformity from juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic literature review.

BACKGROUND: An update on the knowledge regarding the orthopedic/orthodontic role in treating JIA-related dentofacial deformities is relevant. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aimed to assess the level of evidence regarding the management of dentofacial deformity from juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with orthodontics and/or dentofacial orthopedics. SEARCH METHODS: The following databases were searched without time or language restrictions up to 31 January 2024 (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature). SELECTION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria were studies dealing with JIA subjects receiving treatment with orthodontic and/or dentofacial orthopedic functional appliances. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: After the removal of duplicate studies, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to ROBINS-I guidelines were conducted. Data extraction was conducted by two independent authors. RESULTS: The electronic database search identified 397 eligible articles after the removal of duplicates. Following the application of the pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles were left for inclusion. Two trials were associated with a severe risk of bias, four trials were at moderate risk of bias, and the other five presented a low risk of bias. Various research groups employed and documented the effects of different types of appliances and methodologies. The study heterogeneity did not allow for meta-analyses. In addition, a lack of uniformity in treatment objectives was observed across the included studies. After treatment with dentofacial orthopedics skeletal improvement was demonstrated in 10 studies, and a decrease in orofacial signs and symptoms was reported in 7 studies. CONCLUSIONS: Across the available literature, there is minor evidence to suggest that dentofacial orthopedics may be beneficial in the management of dentofacial deformities from JIA. There is little evidence to suggest that it can reduce orofacial signs and symptoms in patients with JIA. Based on current evidence, it is not possible to outline clinical recommendations for specific aspects of orthopedic management in growing subjects with JIA-related dentofacial deformity. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42023390746).

Effects of orthopedic treatment (distraction splint) on dentofacial deformities in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

BACKGROUND: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which can alter mandibular growth and development and result in dentofacial deformities. OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcomes of orthopedic treatment with distraction splint (DS) in patients with JIA-related dentofacial deformity. METHODS: The retrospective study involved 30 patients with JIA and unilateral TMJ involvement, another study group of 20 patients with JIA and bilateral TMJ involvement, and a control group of 18 non-JIA orthodontic patients with Class II and III malocclusions. The inclusion criteria were DS treatment and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans before (T0) and 2 years after treatment (T1). Dentofacial morphology and deformity were evaluated based on a validated three-dimensional CBCT-based morphometric analysis. Intergroup differences in outcome measures were compared at T0 and T1, and intragroup changes between T0 and T1 were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Initial evaluations at T0 revealed significant differences between the unilateral and bilateral JIA groups and the control group for three out of eight dentofacial deformity variables: inter-side difference in total posterior mandibular height, mandibular axial angle, and posterior/anterior face height (ratio). At follow-up (T1), significant inter-group differences were only observed in total posterior mandibular height indicating that intergroup differences were less pronounced after splint treatment. Assessing inter-group changes between T0 and T1 showed that all parameters remained constant except posterior/anterior face height ratio, which significantly decreased between T0 and T1. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate the potential of DS treatment for patients with JIA and unilateral or bilateral TMJ involvement to generally support normal dentofacial growth or at least limit further deterioration of dentofacial deformities.

Facial asymmetry: virtual planning to optimize treatment predictability and aesthetic results

Abstract Facial asymmetry is a condition that compromises function and social interactions and, consequently, the quality of life. Orthodontic-surgical treatment may be indicated to achieve a stable occlusion and significant improvement in facial aesthetics. The virtual planning of the maxillary, mandibular and chin movements can be done prior to surgery. These movements can be successfully performed with the use of prototyped guides obtained from virtual planning. The aim of this article is to show the state of the art of treatments of facial asymmetries, and emphasize how important is the multi-disciplinary approach to achieve predictable aesthetic and functionally stable results in a patient with facial asymmetry and chin protrusion.

Resumo A assimetria facial é uma condição capaz de comprometer a função oclusal e as interações sociais e, consequentemente, a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Nessas condições, para se obter oclusão estável e melhora significativa na estética facial, o tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico pode estar indicado. A simulação virtual da cirurgia permite planejar de forma adequada, e antecipada, os movimentos cirúrgicos a serem efetuados na maxila, mandíbula e mento. Esses movimentos são, então, realizados com sucesso graças ao uso de guias prototipados obtidos a partir do planejamento virtual. Assim, os objetivos do presente artigo consistem em relatar o estado da arte no planejamento virtual do tratamento de um paciente com assimetria facial e protrusão do mento, e enfatizar a importância da abordagem multidisciplinar para se atingir resultados estéticos previsíveis e funcionalmente estáveis.

Tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico do Padrão Face Longa e suas complexidades / Complexity of surgical orthodontic treatment in long face patient

Caso Clínico: paciente Padrão Face Longa, Classe II, divisão 1, procurou retratamento ortodôntico apresentando queixa relacionada à estética facial. Em tratamento prévio, havia extraído os quatro primeiros pré-molares. Apresentava, ainda, acentuada atresia das arcadas superior e inferior, perda óssea, reabsorção radicular e inflamação gengival. Foi realizado tratamento ortodôntico associado à cirurgia ortognática, com controle periodontal associado. A reabsorção e a perda óssea não se agravaram durante o tratamento, provavelmente devido ao controle periodontal, às forças leves e o maior intervalo de troca de fios. Houve grande melhora na estética e função. Conclusão: o tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico em pacientes periodontais e com reabsorções radiculares, que apresentem queixa importante relacionada à estética facial, pode ser realizado, trazendo acentuado benefício para a qualidade de vida dos pacientes

Planejamento virtual: uma realidade no tratamento das deformidades dentofaciais / Virtual planning: a reality in dentofacial deformities treatment

Introdução: O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar, por meio da análise de um caso clínico, um protocolo para diagnóstico e tratamento de pacientes portadores de deformidade dentofacial, candidatos ao tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico. Esse tratamento exige cautelosa análise da estética facial, da oclusão e do padrão respiratório do paciente. Um diagnóstico preciso é fundamental para a construção de um plano de tratamento adequado, elaborado conjuntamente por cirurgiões e ortodontistas. Os avanços nos exames de imagens 3D na última década permitiram um aumento sem precedentes da precisão no diagnóstico e na execução do planejamento cirúrgico. Atualmente, o planejamento virtual constitui uma importante ferramenta para a realização do tratamento orto-cirúrgico. A cirurgia virtual possui maior precisão, melhorando a capacidade de reprodução do plano de tratamento na sala de cirurgia. Entretanto, é importante que protocolos para o tratamento virtual sejam estabelecidos e aprimorados

Tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico das más oclusões do Padrão Face Longa: um benefício muito além da relação molar / Orthodontic-surgical treatment of long face pattern malocclusions: a benefit beyond the molar relationship

A cirurgia ortognática é uma abordagem de tratamento bem estabelecida e indicada em casos de deformidades dentofaciais graves que extrapolam o tratamento ortodôntico convencional. Os pacientes do Padrão Face Longa do tipo grave são usualmente candidatos ao tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico, devido ao comprometimento da estética facial e pelas anormalidades oclusais e funcionais que podem afetar a sua aparência e, consequentemente, seu convívio social. No presente artigo, foi abordado um caso clínico de uma paciente do sexo feminino, Padrão Face Longa com deformidade facial grave associada a um desequilibro funcional, submetida ao tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico

Biotipos homeopáticos y oclusión en niños con hábito de succión digital / Homeopathic biotypes and occlusion in children with finger-sucking habit

El estudio de las anomalías de la oclusión es de suma importancia en la práctica ortodóncica, y la biotipología homeopática constituye una base para el análisis e interpretación de los factores que intervienen en la etiología y patogenia de las anomalías dentofaciales, incluida la presencia de hábitos perjudiciales como la succión digital. Este trabajo descriptivo de corte transversal se propuso relacionar los principales biotipos homeopáticos con la oclusión en 55 niños de los círculos infantiles pertenecientes a las áreas de salud que atiende la Facultad de Estomatología de Ciudad de La Habana, en las edades comprendidas entre 2 y 5 años, de ambos sexos y que practicaban el hábito de succión digital. A través del examen clínico facial y de la confección de la historia clínica homeopática, se realizó la clasificación biotipológica y se determinaron las características intraorales de cada niño. El análisis de los resultados reveló una correspondencia de la oclusión con los biotipos homeopáticos(AU)

The study of occlusion abnormalities is very important in the orthodontic practice, and the homeopathic biotypology is the basis for the analysis and interpretation of the factors taking part in the etiology and pathogeny of the dentofacial abnormalities, including the presence of detrimental habits, such as finger sucking . This descriptive cross-sectional study was aimed at relating the main homeopathic biotypes to occlusion in 55 children aged 2-5 of both sexes from the day care centres corresponding to the health areas that received dental care at the Faculty of Stomatology of Havana City. All these children used to suck their fingers. By the clinicofacial examination and by the making of the homeopathic medical history, it was possible to obtain the biotypological classification, and to determine the intraoral characteristics of every child. The analysis of the results revealed a correspondance of occlusion with the homeopathic biotypes(AU)