Duodenal ileus caused by a cage magnet in a Fleckvieh cow.

The present report aims to describe the case of a duodenal obstruction ileus in a dairy cow that was caused by a cage magnet. The 4.7-year-old German Fleckvieh cow was hospitalized because of symptoms of intestinal obstruction such as anorexia, noticeable drop in milk yield, reduced defecation, dehydration and positive percussion and swinging auscultation in a circumscribed area cranial of the right flank over the last 2 ribs. Six months as well as 3 days prior to hospitalization the cow had already been treated for signs of hardware disease, which included administration of a cage magnet.After the initial clinical diagnostic procedure on hospital admission, a diagnostic laparotomy in the right paralumbar fossa was performed to identify the cause of the ileus. The cranial part of the duodenum was markedly dilated, and a solid foreign body was found obstructing the intestine immediately aboral to the duodenal sigmoid flexure. This was identified as a cage magnet, which was massaged in retrograde direction into the pyloric antrum and removed via abomasotomy. The cow recovered from surgical intervention and was discharged from the hospital 6 days later.The present report describes an unusual complication of cage magnet administration, which is a standard veterinary procedure and generally considered a safe treatment option in cows with clinical signs of acute traumatic reticuloperitonitis.

[Uroperitoneum in a heifer]. / Uroperitoneum bei einem weiblichen Jungrind.

Uroperitoneum is a rarely documented finding in heifers. More frequently uroperitoneum is described in male youngstock suffering from obstructive urolithiasis, or abscesses of the urachus. This report describes a case of uroperitoneum most likely as a result of a traumatic rupture of the urinary bladder in an 8.5 months old heifer. The animal was presented with a severely dilated abdomen and an undulating wave was evident upon palpation. The heifer exhibited physiologic urination. Additionally, left displacement of the abomasum was evident. In consequence to findings of the ultrasonographic examination and abdominocentesis, diagnostic laparotomy was performed. Urine was evacuated from the abdominal cavity in fractions and the damaged cranial pole of the urinary bladder was excised followed by the suture of the urinary bladder. The abomasum was replaced in its physiologic position and an omentopexy was performed. The heifer was discharged from hospital and was still in the herd 5 years after discharge.

[Successful surgical excision of a melanoma and a rare peripheral nerve sheath tumor in 2 cattle]. / Erfolgreiche chirurgische Exzision eines Melanoms und eines seltenen peripheren Nervenscheidentumors bei 2 Rindern.

A heifer and a dairy cow were presented to our practice with cutaneous masses on the left side of their necks. Each mass had a diameter of approximately 20 cm. Both tumors had increased in size in recent weeks and were now prone to injuries from the stable equipment. Both animal owners agreed to surgical removal, which was performed under sedation and local anesthesia on a bovine treatment crush. The subsequent histopathological examinations of the extirpates revealed a melanocytoma in the young heifer and a cutaneous peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) in the dairy cow. Both cases were benign tumors. The postoperative course was without complications and no recurrences were observed even more than a year later. No comparable tumors were found in related animals or in the offspring.

Investigation of preinguinal approach for removal of urachal abscess in three Japanese black cattle older than 18 months of age.

This study investigated the diagnostic and surgical management of urachal abscessation involving the urinary bladder in three cattle aged >18 months. While the abdominal floor or paralumbar fossa are typically considered for accessing the urachus and bladder in calves and heifers, the distance is too great to perform the procedure under direct vision in adult cows. Therefore, a novel preinguinal approach was used for access in cows with urachal abscesses after 18 months. Access was successfully achieved in all the three cows through a preinguinal incision to the urachal abscess at the apex of the bladder. However, in cases wherein the abscess and adhesions are severe, removal may be challenging or may necessitate a combined median or paramedian approach.

Surgical treatment of bovine nasal granuloma and an allergological exploration.

Nasal granuloma in cattle results from inflammation within, and attendant proliferation of, the nasal mucosa possibly in response to an allergic response. However, the relationship between nasal granuloma and allergies remains unclear. Furthermore, severe cases have a poor prognosis because there is currently no effective treatment. Herein, we report three cases of nasal granuloma with severe stertorous breathing that were treated surgically. We also conducted an allergological exploration. Following surgical removal clinical signs did not recur in two of the three cases; however, stertorous breathing persisted in one case, and the cow was sacrificed 4 months later. A histopathological examination revealed that all nasal granulomas featured varying infiltrations of macrophages eosinophils, mast cells, and lymphocytes. The number of mast cells and the proportion of these cells that had degranulated were significantly higher in the granulomas than in normal nasal mucosae. In addition, serum histamine levels were higher in nasal granuloma cases than in normal cows, although serum immunoglobulin E levels were similar, and lymphocyte infiltration in the submucosal layer suggested type I and type IV allergies. Collectively, the results indicate the efficacy of complete surgical curettage for the treatment of allergic nasal granuloma in cattle. Further studies are required to identify the causes and risk factors of allergic nasal granuloma in cows.

[Five case reports on granulosa cell tumors in cattle with practical information on diagnosis and possible progression]. / Fünf Fallberichte zum Granulosazelltumor beim Rind mit praktischen Hinweisen zur Diagnostik und zum möglichen Verlauf.

INTRODUCTION: Five cases of ovarian tumors (granulosa cell tumors) in cattle are presented from the patient load of the Vetsuisse University of Zurich and Bern. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the variable development of the illness and to indicate diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities to the practicing veterinarians. Case 1 shows bilateral appearance and the development of malignancy and metastases. The main symptoms in case 2 were the development of the mammary gland in a juvenile animal and the behavior modification due to a hormonal imbalance. The cases 3, 4 and 5 underwent surgery, case 4 restarted reproductive activity resulting in five subsequent pregnancies. The initial presumption is a result of a gynecological including ultrasonographic examination and can be verified by the analysis of Müllerian Inhibiting Hormone in serum. The decision to perform surgery should be done rapidly, as normal fertility can be achieved if the tumor is located unilaterally. Tumor growth and potential malignancy can provoke fatal health issues and also make it impossible to use meat of these animals for consumption.

INTRODUCTION: Cinq cas de tumeurs ovariennes (tumeurs des cellules de la granulosa) chez les bovins sont présentés à partir de la patientèle de l'Université Vetsuisse de Zurich et de Berne. Le but de ce travail était de montrer l'évolution variable de la maladie et d'indiquer les possibilités diagnostiques et thérapeutiques aux vétérinaires praticiens. Le cas 1 montre la possibilité d'une apparition bilatérale avec développement d'une tumeur maligne et de métastases. Les principaux symptômes du cas 2 étaient le développement de la glande mammaire chez un animal juvénile et la modification du comportement due à un déséquilibre hormonal. Les cas 3, 4 et 5 ont subi une intervention chirurgicale, le cas 4 a repris une activité de reproduction avec cinq gestations ultérieures. La présomption initiale résulte d'un examen gynécologique et peut être vérifiée par l'analyse de l'hormone anti-müllérienne dans le sérum. La décision d'opérer doit être prise rapidement, car une intervention chirurgicale pour enlever l'ovaire atteint peut, dans l'idéal, permettre une reprise de l'activité de reproduction. La croissance de la tumeur et la malignité potentielle peuvent provoquer des problèmes de santé fatals et rendre la viande de ces animaux impropre à la consommation.

Medical and Surgical Management of Conditions of the Penis and Prepuce.

The inability of a bull to reproduce due to its inability to impregnant fertile cows is called impotentia generandi. This infertility may be due to the inability to achieve erection, the inability to complete coitus, or the inability to produce an adequate volume of morphologically normal spermatozoa. Therapies targeting the urogenital tract of the bull can restore reproductive capabilities. Veterinarians can provide consultation regarding both management and selection criteria that will, in some cases, lower the overall risk of loss associated with the development of some conditions of the penis and prepuce.

Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic reticulitis associated with abomasal obstruction in beef cattle during late pregnancy: A case report.

Background: Traumatic reticulitis (TR) and abomasal obstruction are common digestive diseases in beef cattle. In clinical practice, these two conditions are often detected alone and rarely occur at the same time. Surgical therapy is an effective approach to treat both of these diseases. However, there are no reports on the treatment of abomasal obstruction in cattle induced by TR. Case Description: We here report a rare case of the diagnosis and treatment of TR associated with abomasal obstruction in a beef cow during late pregnancy. The affected cattle had an iron wire that was piercing the wall of the reticulum, but did not penetrate the wall; the abomasum was blocked and appeared solid; and the fetus survived well in utero (268 days gestation). To save the lives of the cow and fetus on the same day, a cesarean section was first performed, followed by rumenotomy, the foreign body (wire) was removed, and abomasotomy was finally performed. The fetus removed by cesarean section grew well, and the beef cow recovered and successfully became pregnant again. Conclusion: This case thus offers guidance for the timely diagnosis, effective treatment, and postoperative management of these digestive diseases in cattle to prevent progression and further complications.

Dermatite digital bovina: resposta terapêutica e custo dos protocolos adotados em duas propriedades rurais / Cattle digital dermatitis: response and economic analysis to therapeutic protocols adopted in two farms

Este trabalho avaliou a evolução e os custos do tratamento de lesões de dermatite digital, em bovinos da raça Girolando submetidos a diferentes protocolos terapêuticos, empregando 42 fêmeas portadoras da enfermidade, em duas propriedades rurais. Em cada propriedade, os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos (GI, GII, e GIII) de sete animais cada, sendo 21 oriundos da propriedade A e os demais da propriedade B. Os animais do GI receberam antibioticoterapia parenteral, as feridas cirúrgicas tratadas com medicamento local e, após sete dias, passagem em pedilúvio contendo solução de sulfato de cobre a 3 por cento, intercalando-se, semanalmente, com solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1 por cento. Nos animais de GII as feridas cirúrgicas foram apenas protegidas com algodão ortopédico e ataduras de crepom. A partir do sétimo dia da intervenção cirúrgica, foram submetidos ao mesmo manejo do GI. Nos bovinos do grupo GIII (controle), sete dias após tratamento cirúrgico, procedeu-se à retirada da atadura e passagem em pedilúvio contendo apenas água. Os animais foram avaliados com 7, 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias do pós-operatório, utilizando escores clínicos de cicatrização como parâmetros da evolução clínica das feridas cirúrgicas. Estimou-se os custos dos procedimentos baseando-se no material de consumo e mão-de-obra, entre outros. Observou-se maior número de animais recuperados no GI, mas não houve diferença estatística (p>0,05) quando comparados aos animais do GII, sendo os protocolos terapêuticos I e II apresentando a mesma eficácia. Apenas o tratamento cirúrgico não foi suficiente para recuperar os animais do GIII. O custo estimado, em dólares, por animal foi de US$ 69,41 para o tratamento GI, US$ 54,02 para o GII e US$ 51,96 para o GIII.

The scope of this study was to evaluate the response of early phase digital dermatitis wounds to different therapeutic protocols, in Gir breed cattle in two distinct farms subjected to the same management, and also to estimate the costs of the treatments proposed. The study was conducted simultaneously during the period of april 2004 and april 2005, in 42 female cattle bearing wounds clinically characteristic of early phase digital dermatitis. The animals were allocated in three groups (GI, GII, GIII) of seven animals, where 21 were from farm A, and the remaining from farm B. Animals of group one (GI) received parenteral antibiotic therapy, and their surgical wounds were treated with a local treatment protocol, and when the bandage was removed, on the seventh day, they passed in a footbath with three-percent copper solution, weekly and intercalated to a one-percent sodium hypochlorite solution. Animals from group two (GII) did not receive local or parenteral antibiotic therapy, having their surgical wounds protected with orthopedic cotton and bandage right after curettage, then being subjected to the same management of GI. The animals of group three (GIII) constituted the control group, therefore receiving neither local nor parenteral antibiotic therapy, and after the seventh day, after removing the bandage, passed in a footbath water only...

Tratamento de luxaçäo de patela em bovinos pela desmotomia em estaçäo quadrupedal / Luxation of patella in cattle, and its treatment by desmotomy at the standing position

Foram operados 402 bovinos adultos de ambos os sexos e de diferentes raças, portadores de luxaçäo patelar uni ou bilateral. Empregou-se a técnica cirúrgica de desmotomia tíbio-patelar medial, com os animais em estaçäo, sob anestesia local. Os animais de temperamento rebelde foram previamente tranquilizados com clorpromazina, na dose de 0,4-0,6 mg/kg de peso corpóreo, por via I.M. Estudaram-se aspectos anatômicos e fisiopatológicos da claudicaçäo. Após a cirurgia, cada animal recuperou a locomoçäo normal. Concluiu-se que a técnica cirúrgica fechada exige prática para localizar os ligamentos tíbio-patelares intermédio e medial e é eficiente e segura