[The understanding of Epstein-Barr virus associated lymphoproliferative disorder].

In recent years, there are increasing articles concerning Epstein-Barr virus associated lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV+ LPD), and the name of EBV+ LPD is used widely. However, the meaning of EBV+ LPD used is not the same, which triggered confusion of the understanding and obstacles of the communication. In order to solve this problem. Literature was reviewed with combination of our cases to clarify the concept of EBV+ LPD and to expound our understanding about it. In general, it is currently accepted that EBV+ LPD refers to a spectrum of lymphoid tissue diseases with EBV infection, including hyperplasia, borderline lesions, and neoplastic diseases. According to this concept, EBV+ LPD should not include infectious mononucleosis (IM) and severe acute EBV infection (EBV+ hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, fatal IM, fulminant IM, fulminant T-cell LPD), and should not include the explicitly named EBV+ lymphomas (such as extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, aggressive NK cell leukemia, Burkitt lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma, etc.) either. EBV+ LPD should currently include: (1) EBV+ B cell-LPD: lymphomatoid granulomatosis, EBV + immunodeficiency related LPD, chronic active EBV infection-B cell type, senile EBV+ LPD, etc. (2) EBV+ T/NK cell-LPD: CAEBV-T/NK cell type, hydroa vacciniforme, hypersensitivity of mosquito bite, etc. In addition, EBV+ LPD is classified, based on the disease process, pathological and molecular data, as 3 grades: grade1, hyperplasia (polymorphic lesions with polyclonal cells); grade 2, borderline (polymorphic lesions with clonality); grade 3, neoplasm (monomorphic lesions with clonality). There are overlaps between EBV+ LPD and typical hyperplasia, as well as EBV+ LPD and typical lymphomas. However, the most important tasks are clinical vigilance, early identification of potential severe complications, and treating the patients in a timely manner to avoid serious complications, as well as the active treatment to save lives when the complications happened.

Hematologic differences in heterophile-positive and heterophile-negative infectious mononucleosis.

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) due to all causes is characterized by atypical lymphocytosis. We sought to compare hematologic parameters of infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (heterophile antibody (HA) positive) with mononucleosis due to other causes. Mono-Latex Slide Agglutination Test results and complete blood counts (CBC) of 147 patients with mononucleosis were retrospectively analyzed. Leukocyte count, absolute lymphocyte count, and presence of atypical lymphocytes in EBV-positive and EBV-negative groups were statistically compared. We analyzed 68 EBV-positive and 79 EBV-negative cases. EBV-positive patients were significantly younger than EBV-negative patients were. Mean total WBC count and mean absolute lymphocyte count were significantly higher in EBV-positive patients. Absolute lymphocytosis, absolute leukocytosis, and atypical lymphocytosis were also significantly more frequent in EBV-positive patients. Leukopenia was more frequently seen in EBV-negative patients.

La causa del SIDA es el VIH: evidencias clínicas, etiopatogénicas, epidemiológicas y experimentales / HIV is cause of sida: clinic evidence, etiopathogenic, epidemiologist and experimental

Los primeros casos del Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA) fueron identificados en los Estados Unidos en 1981 y rapidamente esta enfermedad se ha convertido en una de las mayores amenazas para la salud pública mundial. El virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) fue aislado por primera vez en 1983. Numerosas investigaciones posteriores confirmaron su papel etiológico en el SIDA, aunque todavía existen algunas interrogates en relación a varios aspectos clínicos, etiopatogénicos y epidemiológicos de dicha enfermedad. Esas interrogantes llevaron a un reducido número de científicos a dudar de la relación etiológica VIH/SIDA. En este artículo se describe brevemente dicha controversia y se discuten las evidencias clínicas, etiopatogénicas, epidemiológicas y experimentales que apoyan esta relación etiológica. Esas evidencias se analizan a la luz de los postulados de Koch, concluyéndose que la asociación VIH/SIDA es probablemente más sólida que otras enfermedades virales, y que hoy en día no es justificable ninguna duda sobre el papel etiológico del VIH en el SIDA

Lymphocyte reactivity in infectious mononucleosis.

Reactivity of lymphocytes to a purified preparation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was studied in 17 healthy individuals and 15 patients with primary EVB infection and clinical signs of infectious mononucleosis. Lymphocyte reactivity to EBV was negative in individuals who were seronegative for antibody to EBV and in seven of 15 patients examined less than or equal to 21 days after onset of clinical signs of illness. Positive lymphocyte reactivity was observed in all patients by day 36; once it was established, it remained in individual patients for up to 480 days. During the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis, negative lymphocyte reactivity was always associated with a strong antibody response to EBV capsid antigens. This disparity was paralleled by the inability of lymphocytes to respond to recall antigens and mitogens, especially concanavalin A. Positive lymphocyte reactivity to EBV indicates a specific cellular memory function, probably of thymus-cell origin, which is acquired following primary EBV infection, and may be retained into later life.