Skin-reducing mastectomy with breast reconstruction and sub-pectoral implants.

ABSTRACT

One of the difficulties of an immediate breast reconstruction with a sub-pectoral tissue expander is fashioning the lower, medial end of the pouch because of the insertion of the fibres of the pectoral muscle into the ribs. This often requires delayed corrections to provide a good cosmetic result with fullness of the lower medial quadrant of the reconstructed breast. Skin-reducing mastectomy (SRM) is a technique that potentially resolves this cosmetic problem by creating a dermomuscular pouch with adequate volume in the lower-medial quadrant and, at the same time, provides satisfactory coverage of the silicone implant. Much of the surgical scarring lies in relatively concealed areas of the breast. The risk of complications is reduced by use of permanent expanders and achieving compatibility between the length of the skin flaps and that of the dermomuscular pouch. The indications for this technique are the same as those of a skin-sparing mastectomy. The procedure is particularly useful for women with large breasts and in cases of bilateral prophylactic mastectomy for women at increased risk of breast cancer. We report our experience with 18 skin-reducing mastectomies carried out in 10 women. One had a complication (5%) (haematoma and infection) and one had poor long-term cosmetic result (5%) (fibrosis of the lower pole of the reconstructed breast). SRM is, from an oncological perspective, a skin-sparing mastectomy (type IV) that provides a good cosmetic result by creating a dermomuscular pouch.