The water extract and the lectin WSMoL from the seeds of Moringa oleifera prevent the hypertension onset by decreasing renal oxidative stress.

Maternal endotoxemia disturbs the intrauterine environment, impairs nephrogenesis, and increases the risk of hypertension and kidney disease in adulthood. Here, it was investigated whether maternal treatment with the water extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (WEMoS) or the water-soluble M. oleifera seed lectin (WSMoL) prevents the oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in pregnant rats, and the renal injury and hypertension in the adult offspring. The administration of WEMoS or WSMoL prevented the stimulatory effects of LPS on lipid peroxidation in the maternal-placenta-fetuses environment. The impact of WEMoS was linked to decreased superoxide anions production in the placenta. The effects of WSMoL were parallel to the inhibition of superoxide anion production and NADPH oxidase activity. The WSMoL also prevented increased NADPH oxidase activity in the fetal kidney. The LPS offspring presented higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and increased lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH oxidase activity, and nitrate/nitrite in the kidney; the maternal treatment with WEMoS and WSMoL prevented these changes. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that WEMoS and WSMoL have protective effects on maternal endotoxemia, which involve antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions that prevent the programming of hypertension.

Anatomy and Diseases of the Greater Wings of the Sphenoid Bone.

The greater wings of the sphenoid bone (GWS) comprise the components of the sphenoid bone that make up most of the posterior orbital wall and form the anterior and medial parts of the floor of the middle cranial fossa. Many important skull base foramina, which transmit vital neurovascular structures, are present in these paired wings on either side of the central body of the sphenoid bone. A wide variety of diseases can affect the GWS, ranging from benign osseus lesions to malignant primary and secondary bone abnormalities. The complex three-dimensional curved (winged) shape of the GWS and the wide array of pathologic entities that affect this bone can make it challenging for the radiologist to report the imaging findings accurately, especially in relation to the important skull base foramina. The authors describe a systematic approach to understanding the three-dimensional anatomy of the GWS and review important diseases, with the aid of imaging examples. Useful imaging "pearls" that can help in making specific diagnoses are provided throughout the article. ©RSNA, 2022.

Low-cost precision agriculture for sustainable farming using paper-based analytical devices.

The United Nations estimates that by 2030, agricultural production must increase by 70% to meet food demand. Precision agriculture (PA) optimizes production through efficient resource use, with soil fertility being crucial for nutrient supply. Traditional nutrient quantification methods are costly and time-consuming. This study introduces a rapid (15 min), user-friendly, paper-based platform for determining four essential macronutrients-nitrate, magnesium, calcium, and ammonium-using colorimetric methods and a smartphone for data reading and storage. The sensor effectively detects typical soil nutrient concentrations, showing strong linearity and adequate detection limits. For nitrate, the RGB method resulted in an R 2 of 0.992, a detection range of 0.5 to 10.0 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.299 mmol L-1. Calcium quantification using grayscale displayed an R 2 of 0.993, a detection range of 2.0 to 6.0 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.595 mmol L-1. Magnesium was best quantified using the hue color space, with an R 2 of 0.999, a detection range of 1.0 to 6.0 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.144 mmol L-1. Similarly, ammonium detection using the hue color space had an R 2 of 0.988, a range of 0.5 to 2.5 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.170 mmol L-1. This device enhances soil fertility assessment accessibility, supporting PA implementation and higher food production.

Incidental Ring-hyperenhancing Liver Micronodules at CT Hepatic Arteriography-guided Percutaneous Thermal Ablation of Colorectal Liver Metastases.

CT during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) is a highly sensitive imaging method for detecting colorectal liver metastases (CLMs), which supports its use during percutaneous thermal liver ablation. In contrast to its high sensitivity, its specificity for incidental small CLMs not detected at preablation cross-sectional imaging is believed to be low given the absence of specific imaging signatures and the common presence of pseudolesions. In this retrospective study of 22 patients (mean age, 55 years ± 10.6 [SD]; 63.6% male, 36.4% female) with CLMs undergoing CTHA-guided microwave percutaneous thermal ablation between November 2017 and October 2022, the authors provided a definition of incidental ring-hyperenhancing liver micronodules (RHLMs) and investigated whether there is a correlation of RHLMs with histologic analysis or intrahepatic tumor progression at imaging follow-up after applying a biomechanical deformable image registration method. The analysis revealed 25 incidental RHLMs in 41.7% (10 of 24) of the CTHA images from the respective guided ablation sessions. Of those, four RHLMs were ablated. Among the remaining 21 RHLMs, 71.4% (15 of 21) were confirmed to be CLM with either histology (n = 3) or imaging follow-up (n = 12). The remaining 28.6% (six of 21) of RHLMs were not observed at follow-up imaging. This suggests that RHLMs at CTHA may be an early indicator of incidental small CLMs. Keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms, Liver, Angiography, CT, Incidental Findings, Ablation Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2024.

Paricalcitol prevents renal tubular injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion: Role of oxidative stress, inflammation and AT1R.

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is associated with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and modulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This study evaluated whether VDR agonist paricalcitol protects renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induced tubular injury in rats by evaluating: 1) ATP-dependent tubular Na+ transport; 2) renal redox signaling; 3) renal content of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6; and 4) renal content of renin and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R). Paricalcitol prevented IR-induced tubular injury, evidenced by the prevention of histopathological changes and renal fibrosis with preservation of the activity of ATP-dependent Na+ transporters in the renal cortex. Paricalcitol decreased renal oxidative stress by reducing NADPH oxidase activity and increasing catalase. Paricalcitol also decreased the renal content of TNF-α, IL-6, and AT1R. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin did not present additive protection to paricalcitol-induced effects. The protective effects of paricalcitol on tubular injury induced by renal IR may dependent on the modulation of redox and proinflammatory signaling and renal angiotensin II/AT1R signaling.

Perspectives of healthcare professionals on training for quantitative G6PD testing during implementation of tafenoquine in Brazil (QualiTRuST Study).

Effective radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria is essential for malaria elimination in Brazil. P. vivax radical cure requires administration of a schizonticide, such as chloroquine, plus an 8-aminoquinoline. However, 8-aminoquinolines cause hemolysis in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, requiring prior screening to exclude those at risk. Brazil is pioneering the implementation of tafenoquine, a single-dose 8-aminoquinoline indicated for P. vivax patients with >70% of normal G6PD activity. Tafenoquine implementation in Manaus and Porto Velho, two municipalities located in the western Brazilian Amazon, included comprehensive training of healthcare professionals (HCPs) on point-of-care quantitative G6PD testing and a new treatment algorithm for P. vivax radical cure incorporating tafenoquine. Training was initially provided to higher-level facilities (phase one) and later adapted for primary care units (phase two). This study analyzed HCP experiences during training and implementation and identified barriers and facilitators. In-depth interviews and focus discussion groups were conducted 30 days after each training for a purposive random sample of 115 HCPs. Thematic analysis was employed using MAXQDA software, analyzing data through inductive and deductive coding. Analysis showed that following the initial training for higher-level facilities, some HCPs did not feel confident performing quantitative G6PD testing and prescribing the tafenoquine regimen. Modifications to the training in phase two resulted in an improvement in understanding the implementation process of the G6PD test and tafenoquine, as well as in the knowledge acquired by HCPs. Additionally, knowledge gaps were addressed through in situ training, peer communication via a messaging app, and educational materials. Training supported effective deployment of the new tools in Manaus and Porto Velho and increased awareness of the need for pharmacovigilance. A training approach for nationwide implementation of these tools was devised. Implementing quantitative G6PD testing and tafenoquine represents a significant shift in P. vivax malaria case management. Consistent engagement with HCPs is needed to overcome challenges in fully integrating these tools within the Brazilian health system.

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation associated with an aerobic exercise bout on blood pressure and autonomic modulation of hypertensive patients: A pilot randomized clinical trial.

The objective of this article was to evaluate the effects of an aerobic exercise bout associated with a single session of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left temporal lobe on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in hypertensive people. After met the inclusion criteria, twenty hypertensive people were randomized to active-tDCS or sham-tDCS group. Initially, they provided their sociodemographic data, a blood sample, and went through an evaluation of the cardiorespiratory performance. Then, a single session of tDCS with an intensity of 2 mA over the left lobe during 20 min was carried out. After tDCS, it was performed a session of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise during 40 min. BP during 24 h and HRV measurements were performed before (baseline) and after the intervention. Systolic BP during sleep time decreased in the active-tDCS group (p = 0.008). Diastolic BP showed a significant decrease 3 h after the intervention in the active-tDCS group (p = 0.01). An intragroup comparison showed a significant decrease in systolic BP 3 h after intervention only for the active-tDCS group (p = 0.04). Besides, there was a trend toward a difference in wake for diastolic BP for active-tDCS (p = 0.07). Lastly, there were no changes in the HRV for both groups. It is suggested that anodal tDCS associated with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can decrease systolic and diastolic BP of hypertensive people during sleep time and 3 h after the intervention.

Transcranial direct current stimulation as a strategy to manage COVID-19 pain and fatigue.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has infected millions of people worldwide and generated many sequels in the survivors, such as muscular pain and fatigue. These symptoms have been treated through pharmacological approaches; however, infected people keep presenting physical limitations. Besides, the COVID-19 damage to the central nervous system has also been related to the presence of some physical impairment, so strategies that focus on diverse brain areas should be encouraged. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-pharmacological tool that could be associated with pharmacological treatments to improve the central nervous system function and decrease the exacerbation of the immune system response. tDCS targeting pain and fatigue-related areas could provide an increase in neuroplasticity and enhancements in physical functions. Moreover, it can be used in infirmaries and clinical centers to treat COVID-19 patients.

Comment on "The importance of physical exercise during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic".

Currently, many people have been infected by the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and presented cardiorespiratory symptoms caused mainly by the host immune system response and respiratory tract inflammation. So far, there is no effective treatment to fight off COVID-19 and, despite many daily speculations about new treatments and vaccines, in this article, we discuss the effectiveness of a cheap and scientific proven technique to treat and prevent several diseases. Many studies have shown the benefits of physical exercise in individuals who have practiced it routinely. This approach is a great strategy to improve people's cardiorespiratory capacity, inflammation system, and immune response. Due to the quarantine period, the practice of physical exercise at home can also be used to fight off COVID-19 and must be inserted into people's routines.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints and quality of life among administrative technicians.

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders comprise muscle, tendon, synovial, nerve, fascial and ligament injuries alone or combined, with a proven or not relationship with work. They manifest as pain, paresthesia, feeling of heaviness and fatigue, and may cause temporary or permanent incapacity for work. OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and quality of life of administrative technicians at a public institution who used computers at work for 5 years. METHODS: The sample comprised 70 administrative technicians aged 20 to 69 who used computers at work for 5 years. We analyzed the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints by means of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and quality of life with SF-36. Interviews were performed in the workplace. The data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0 and the significance level was set to 5%. RESULTS: SF-36 domain scores were considered satisfactory for all the participants. Prevalence of pain in the past 7 days (70%) and past 12 months (77.1%) was high. The lower back was the body site most frequently involved (38.6%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of pain in several body sites was high among the analyzed administrative technicians. Pain might interfere with their work and lead to sick leave spells. Clinical assessments and interventions are needed to minimize this problem.

INTRODUÇÃO: Os distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT) são afecções de músculos, tendões, sinóvias, nervos, fáscias e ligamentos isoladas ou combinadas associados, comprovadamente ou não, ao trabalho. Caracterizam-se pela ocorrência de sintomas como dor, parestesia, sensação de peso e fadiga e são causa de incapacidades laborais temporárias ou permanentes. OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares em técnicos administrativos de uma instituição federal que desempenharam atividade informatizada nos últimos cinco anos, bem como a qualidade de vida. METODOLOGIA: Participaram do estudo 70 técnicos administrativos que desempenhavam trabalho informatizado havia pelo menos cinco anos, com idade entre 20 e 69 anos. Buscou-se avaliar a prevalência de sintomas osteomioarticulares, por meio do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares, e a qualidade de vida, pelo Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). As entrevistas foram realizadas no local de trabalho, e os dados, analisados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (20.0), com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os sujeitos apresentaram valores conforme o considerado normal para todos os domínios do SF-36 e alta prevalência de dor nos últimos sete dias (70%) e nos últimos 12 meses (77,1%), sendo a coluna lombar a região mais afetada, com 38,6%. CONCLUSÃO: Trabalhadores técnicos administrativos desempenhando trabalho informatizado apresentam altos índices de presença do episódio dor em diferentes regiões corporais, podendo interferir na produção do trabalho e levar ao afastamento da atividade. Logo, faz-se necessário que se realizem avaliações clínicas e futuras intervenções para minimizar essas alterações.

Health behaviors in sexual experiences of women in prison.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the health behaviors related to the sexual experiences of women in the female prison system from January to March, 2017. METHOD: descriptive study with a qualitative approach. A semi-structured questionnaire containing mixed questions and patient records was used. The data analysis was performed through the Bardin's content analysis and adopted as reference the Theory of Basic Human Needs. RESULTS: 18 women, young, single, brown, with a complete fundamental level participated in the study. After this characterization, two categories were evidenced: Health behaviors in sexual experiences and Health care in the face of sexual experiences. 33.3% reported on health behaviors such as Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), 27.7% associated with male condom use, 16.6% on prevention of unwanted pregnancies, 11.1% on health care and hygiene. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: it was evidenced that the health behaviors reported by women in sexual experiences are associated with actions to prevent STIs, use of condoms, unwanted pregnancies, and health and hygiene care. However, it is possible to infer that they understand and possess superficial knowledge about health behaviors and that there is no adoption of regular practice in their sexual experiences.

Neuromodulation treats Chikungunya arthralgia: a randomized controlled trial.

The Chikungunya (CHIK) virus is epidemic in Brazil, with 170,000 cases in the first half of 2016. More than 60% of patients present relapsing and remitting chronic arthralgia with debilitating pain lasting years. There are no specific therapeutic agents to treat and rehabilitee infected persons with CHIK. Persistent pain can lead to incapacitation, requiring long-term pharmacological treatment. Advances in non-pharmacological treatments are necessary to promote pain relief without side effects and to restore functionality. Clinical trials indicate transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can treat a broad range of chronic pain disorders, including diffuse neuromuscular pain and arthralgia. Here, we demonstrate that the tDCS across the primary motor cortex significantly reduces pain in the chronic phase of CHIK. High-resolution computational model was created to analyze the cortical electric field generated during tDCS and a diffuse and clustered brain current flow including M1 ipsilateral and contralateral, left DLPFC, nucleus accumbens, and cingulate was found. Our findings suggest tDCS could be an effective, inexpensive and deployable therapy to areas lacking resources with a significant number of patients with chronic CHIK persistent pain.

The effects of low-level laser in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome: systematic review / Os efeitos do laser de baixa intensidade no tratamento da síndrome da dor miofascial: revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Among the approaches inherent to conservative treatment, the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is one of the most used resources in the treatment of myofascial pain. This research sought to search the literature for the available evidence on the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome with LLLT in order to analyze the reported effects of this intervention. CONTENTS: Medline/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) by Ebsco was used to search for articles on randomized clinical trials that related myofascial pain syndrome with LLLT. Studies were systematically selected by two reviewers independently, through title, abstract and, later, full text. Ten articles that met the criteria were included in this integrative review. In six of these articles, the improvement in pain compared to placebo group was presented right after LLLT session, although these results did not remain in the follow-ups of the studies that performed follow ups. CONCLUSION: LLLT seems to be a resource that decreases pain in patients with myofascial pain syndrome. Despite the positive results in reducing pain with the use of LLLT in some studies, this review admits the heterogeneity of studies with conficting results related to the effectiveness of LLLT. Research that defines the parameters and adequate therapeutic dosages are necessary for a better understanding of the real effects of LLLT on this clinical condition.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Das abordagens inerentes ao tratamento conservador, o laser de baixa intensidade (LBI) é um dos recursos mais utilizados no tratamento da dor miofascial. Esta pesquisa buscou avaliar na literatura as evidências disponíveis sobre o tratamento da síndrome da dor miofascial com o LBI para analisar os efeitos reportados dessa intervenção. CONTEÚDO: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Medline/Pubmed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Registro Central Cochrane de Ensaios Controlados (CENTRAL) e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), da Ebsco, para busca de artigos de ensaios clínicos randomizados que relacionassem síndrome da dor miofascial com LBI. Os estudos foram selecionados sistematicamente por dois revisores, independentemente, por meio do título, resumo e, posteriormente, texto completo. Dez artigos que se adequaram aos critérios foram incluídos nessa revisão sistemática. Em seis destes artigos, foi apresentada a melhora da dor comparada ao grupo placebo logo após a sessão de LBI, embora esses resultados não tenham permanecido nos acompanhamentos dos estudos que realizaram follow-ups. CONCLUSÃO: O LBI parece ser um recurso que diminui a dor em pacientes com síndrome da dor miofascial. Apesar dos resultados positivos na diminuição da dor com o uso do LBI em alguns estudos, esta análise admite a heterogeneidade dos estudos com resultados conflitantes relacionados à efetividade do LBI. Pesquisas que definam os parâmetros e dosagens terapêuticas adequadas são necessárias para um melhor entendimento sobre os reais efeitos do LBI sobre essa condição clínica.

Demandas da Psicologia Escolar no Período de COVID-19: uma Revisão Sistemática / Demands of School Psychology in the Period of COVID-19: a Systematic Review / Demandas de la Psicología Escolar en el Periodo de la COVID-19: una Revisión Sistemática

Esta pesquisa investigou as demandas educacionais presentes no período da pandemia da COVID-19 no âmbito da Psicologia Escolar. Realizou-se um estudo de revisão sistemática, registrada sob o número CRD42021218696 no International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Foi realizada uma busca abrangente nas bases de dados Educacional Resources Information Center (ERIC), Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase e Pubmed. A revisão contemplou o período de dezembro de 2019 a abril de 2021. As buscas resultaram na seleção de 16 produções científicas, considerando o país de origem da publicação, delineamento das pesquisas, principais resultados e demandas encontradas. Os resultados indicaram impactos do ensino online: dificuldades relativas à transição para a modalidade remota e ao acesso aos recursos tecnológicos e à internet, insuficiente treinamento pedagógico, vulnerabilidade social e alteração comportamental dos estudantes. Defende-se o trabalho do psicólogo escolar como agente mediador de relações e processos de ensino, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento humano, tensionados na modalidade remota.

This research investigated the educational demands present in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of School Psychology. A systematic review study was conducted, registered under CRD42021218696 in the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). A comprehensive search on the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase, and Pubmed databases was performed. The review covered the period from December 2019 to April 2021. The queries have led to the selection of 16 scientific publications, considering its country of origin, research design, main findings, and demands found. Results indicate impacts of online teaching: difficulties related to the transition to remote mode and access to technological resources and to the internet, scarce pedagogical training, social vulnerability, and behavioral change in students. The work of the school psychologist is defended as a mediator agent for relationships and processes of teaching, learning, and human development, which are tensioned in remote mode.

Este estudio investigó las demandas educativas presentes en el período de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el campo de la Psicología Escolar. Se realizó un estudio de revisión sistemática, registrado con el número CRD42021218696 en el Registro Internacional Prospectivo de Revisiones Sistemáticas en Curso (PROSPERO). Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos Educacional Resources Information Center (ERIC), Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase y Pubmed. La revisión abarcó el periodo comprendido entre diciembre de 2019 y abril de 2021. Las búsquedas resultaron en la selección de 16 producciones científicas, teniendo en cuenta el país de origen de la publicación, el diseño de la investigación, los principales resultados y las demandas encontradas. Los resultados indican los impactos de la enseñanza en línea: dificultades relativas a la transición a la modalidad remota y al acceso a los recursos tecnológicos y a Internet, entrenamiento pedagógico insuficiente, vulnerabilidad social y alteración del comportamiento de los estudiantes. Se defiende la labor del psicólogo escolar como agente mediador de las relaciones y procesos de enseñanza, aprendizaje y desarrollo humano, tensionados en la modalidad a distancia.

Atenção conjunta nas interações educador-bebê e suas repercussões na cognição social: uma revisão sistemática / Joint attention in educator-baby interactions and their repercussions on social cognition: a systematic review / Atención conjunta sobre las interacciones educador-bebé y sus repercusiones sobre la cognición social: una revisión sistemática

O presente artigo refere-se a uma revisão sistemática que buscou identificar se a atenção conjunta estabelecida em interações educador-bebê em contexto de creches interfere na cognição social desses bebês. Essa revisão seguiu as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyse (PRISMA) e teve as buscas realizadas nas bases de dados Web of Science, Pubmed, Pepsic, Scielo, Indexpsi, PsycInfo e Lilacs Também se realizou uma busca na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Os descritores utilizados foram "Child Day Care Centers", "Preschool", "School Teachers", "infant", "attention", "joint attention" e "social cognition". A análise incluiu cinco artigos e permitiu identificar que ao se engajarem em episódios de atenção conjunta com seus educadores, bebês apresentaram desenvolvimento da comunicação e da linguagem oral. Também se constatou a necessidade de ampliar os estudos sobre o tema. Essa revisão está registrada no International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) sob o número CRD42019133759.

The present article refers to a systematic review that aimed to identify if joint attention established in educator-baby interactions in day care centers interferes with social cognition of these babies. This review followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyze (PRISMA) and it was searched in the Web of Science, Pubmed, Pepsic, Scielo, Indexpsi, PsycInfo and Lilacs databases. A search was also performed at the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD). Descriptors "Child Day Care Centers", "Preschool", "School Teachers", "infant", "attention", "joint attention" and "social cognition" were used. Five articles were included for analysis and these articles identified that by engaging in joint attention episodes with their educators, infants had communication and oral language development. It was also finded out a need to expand studies about the subject. This review is registered in the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews(PROSPERO) under number CRD42019133759.

El presente artículo se refiere a una revisión sistemática que tuvo como objetivo identificar si la atención conjunta establecida en las interacciones educador-bebé en las guarderías interfiere con la cognición social de estos bebés. Esta revisión siguió las recomendaciones de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyse (PRISMA) y se buscó en las bases de datos Webof Science, Pubmed, Pepsic, Scielo, Indexpsi, PsycInfo y Lilacs. También se realizó una búsqueda en la Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Los descriptores utilizados fueron "Child Day Care Centers", "Preschool", "School Teachers", "infant", "attention", "joint attention" e "social cognition". El análisisincluyó cinco artículos e identificó que al participar en episodios de atención conjunta con sus educadores, los bebés presentaron el desarrollo de la comunicación y el lenguaje oral. También se señaló la necesidad de ampliar los estudios sobre el tema. Esta revisión está registrada en el International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) con el número CRD42019133759.

Interações educadora-bebê em creches: um estudo sobre concepções de educadoras infantis / Interactions enseignante-bébé dans les crèches: une étude sur les conceptions d'enseignantes de maternelle / Interacciones entre educadora-bebé en guarderías: un estudio sobre las concepciones de educadoras de la primera infancia / Caregiver-child interactions in daycare centers: a study on the conceptions of early childhood educators

Resumo Este artigo aborda as concepções de educadoras infantis sobre suas atuações com bebês em creches e sobre o desenvolvimento dos bebês nesses contextos. Parte-se da compreensão de que as concepções orientam as práticas profissionais, sendo fundamental compreendê-las para formular estratégias interventivas que potencializem as ações profissionais em creches. Participaram do estudo cinco professoras de educação infantil de creches públicas, as quais responderam a uma entrevista cujo áudio foi gravado e posteriormente transcrito. As respostas das entrevistas foram avaliadas por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados revelaram uma dissonância entre as verbalizações das educadoras e o que postulam teóricos do desenvolvimento e os documentos oficiais que norteiam a Educação Infantil brasileira. Diante do exposto, afirmamos a relevância das formações continuadas e sugerimos que elas englobem o desenvolvimento infantil e as interações educador-criança-ambiente, na direção de potencializar esses aspectos e favorecer os processos interativos.

Résumé Cet article traite des conceptions des enseignantes de maternelle sur leur travail avec les bébés dans les crèches et sur le développement des bébés dans ces contextes. Nous nous basons sur la compréhension que les conceptions guident les pratiques professionnelles, étant essentiel de les comprendre pour formuler des stratégies d'intervention qui valorisent les actions professionnelles dans les crèches. Cinq enseignantes de maternelle de crèches publiques ont participé à l'étude. Elles ont répondu à une interview dont l'audio a été enregistré puis transcrit. Les réponses aux questions ont été évaluées à l'aide de l'analyse de contenu de Bardin. Les résultats ont révélé une dissonance entre les verbalisations des enseignantes et ce que postulent les théoriciens du développement et les documents officiels qui guident l'éducation maternelle au Brésil. Face à ce qui précède, on soutient la pertinence de la formation continue et suggère qu'elle comprenne le développement de l'enfant et les interactions enseignantes-enfant-environnement, afin de valoriser ces aspects et de favoriser les processus interactifs.

Resumen Este artículo aborda las concepciones de educadoras de la primera infancia sobre su trabajo con bebés en las guarderías y sobre el desarrollo de los bebés en estos contextos. Se parte de la comprensión de que las concepciones orientan las prácticas profesionales, y es fundamental comprenderlas para formular estrategias de intervención que potencien la actuación profesional en las guarderías. En el estudio participaron cinco profesoras de educación infantil en guarderías públicas, quienes respondieron a una entrevista cuyo audio fue grabado y luego transcrito. El análisis de las entrevistas se realizó mediante el análisis de contenido de Bardin. Los resultados apuntan a disonancia entre las verbalizaciones de las educadoras y lo que plantean los teóricos del desarrollo y los documentos oficiales que orientan la educación infantil en Brasil. De lo anterior, se afirma la relevancia de la formación continua y se sugiere que esta incluya el desarrollo infantil y las interacciones educador-niño-entorno, en el sentido de potenciar estos aspectos y favorecer los procesos interactivos.

Abstract Based on the understanding that conceptions guide professional practices and considering such understanding essential for the formulation of intervention strategies that enhance professional actions, this article addresses the conceptions of childhood educators regarding their work with infants in daycare centers and the development of infants in these contexts. This study was conducted with data collected by interviews conducted with five teachers working in public daycare centers. The audio was recorded and transcribed, and responses were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis procedures. Our results indicate a dissonance between what is said by educators and what is postulated by both development theorists and official documents guiding Brazilian Early Childhood Education. These findings assert the relevance of continued training, including child development and environments of caregiver-child interactions to enhance these aspects and favor interactive processes.

Psicologia escolar e relação família-escola: um estudo sobre concepções profissionais / School psychology and family-school relationship: a study about professional conceptions / Psicología escolar y relación familia-escuela: un estudio sobre concepciones profesionales

O presente estudo discute a relevância da atuação do psicólogo escolar na mediação da relação entre escola e família. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo que investigou as concepções de psicólogos escolares sobre a relação família-escola. Verificou-se também como a família e o psicólogo estão presentes nas formulações de documentos oficiais de escolas públicas, a partir de uma análise documental. Participaram do estudo cinco psicólogos escolares de instituições públicas. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas cujos áudios foram gravados e transcritos. A análise dos resultados, que seguiu as diretrizes apresentadas em Bardin, revelou pouca clareza dos psicólogos sobre as ações que podem desempenhar na relação família-escola. Além disso, a análise documental indicou a integração escola/comunidade como um dos objetivos principais das instituições. Sugerem-se ações como o planejamento de reuniões, o esclarecimento das funções do psicólogo, da escola e da família, e a desmistificação de concepções estereotipadas sobre as famílias como possibilidades de facilitar o estreitamento da relação entre família e escola.

The present study discusses the relevance of the school psychologist role in mediating the relationship between school and family. This is a field research that investigated the school Psychologists conceptions about family-school relationship. It was also verified how the family and the psychologist are present in the formulations of public schools' official documents, through a documentary analysis. Five school psychologists from public institutions participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were performed and their audios were recorded and transcribed. The analysis of the results, which followed the guidelines presented by Bardin, revealed little clarity by the psychologists about the actions they can play in the family-school relationship. In addition, the documentary analysis indicated school/community integration as one of the main objectives of the institutions. Actions, such as planning meetings, clarifying psychologist, school and family roles and demystifying stereotypical conceptions about families are suggested as possibilities to facilitate a closer relationship between family and school.

El presente estudio discute la relevancia del papel del psicólogo escolar en la mediación de la relación entre la escuela y la familia. Esta es una investigación de campo que investigó las concepciones de los psicólogos escolares sobre la relación familia-escuela. También se verificó cómo la familia y el psicólogo están presentes en las formulaciones de documentos oficiales de las escuelas públicas, a partir de un análisis documental. Participaron en el estudio cinco psicólogos escolares de instituciones públicas. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, las cuales fueron grabadas y transcriptas. El análisis de los resultados, que siguió las pautas presentadas en Bardin, reveló poca claridad de los psicólogos sobre las acciones que pueden desempeñar en la relación familia-escuela. Además, el análisis documental indicó la integración escuela/comunidad como uno de los principales objetivos de las instituciones. Se sugieren acciones como planificar reuniones, aclarar los roles del psicólogo, de la escuela y de la familia, y desmitificar las concepciones estereotipadas de las familias como posibilidades para facilitar una relación más estrecha entre la familia y la escuela.

Alterações laboratoriais em gestantes e puérperas com diagnóstico confirmatório de COVID-19 / Laboratory test alterations in pregnant and puerperal women diagnosed with COVID-19

Objetivo: Analisar as alterações de exames laboratoriais de gestantes e puérperas com diagnóstico laboratorial de COVID-19 atendidas em uma maternidade de referência em Fortaleza/Ceará, no período de março a outubro de 2020. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, envolvendo análise de dados dos exames laboratoriais de pacientes com diagnóstico confirmatório para COVID-19 no período de março a outubro de 2020. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos resultados de exames obtidos nas plataformas institucionais, revisão de dados e evoluções do prontuário físico e eletrônico. Resultados: As pacientes apresentaram notória redução de hemoglobina e hematócrito, leucocitose com linfopenia e alteração de parâmetros bioquímicos de função hepática. Na amostra estudada, obteve-se um percentual de óbitos de 5%. Além disso, evidenciou-se alteração de marcadores de inflamação e coagulação, dados que corroboram com os estudos na área. Conclusão: As alterações específicas da COVID-19 foram detectadas nos dois grupos de pacientes, ressaltando-se a importância da realização de novos estudos com enfoque na população gestante e puérpera, pois as consequências da doença nessa população podem afetar diretamente o binômio mãe-bebê.

Objective: To analyze the changes in laboratory tests of pregnant women and postpartum women with a laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 attended at a reference maternity hospital in Fortaleza / Ceará, from March to October 2020. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, involving the analysis of data from laboratory tests of patients with a confirmatory diagnosis for COVID-19 in the period from March to October 2020. The data were collected from the results of tests obtained in the institutional platforms as well as data review and evolution physical and electronic medical records. Results: The patients showed a marked reduction in hemoglobin and hematocrit, leukocytosis with lymphopenia and alteration of biochemical parameters of liver function. In the sample studied, a percentage of deaths of 5% was obtained. In addition, changes in inflammation and coagulation markers were evidenced, data that corroborate with studies in the area. Conclusion: Specific changes in COVID-19 were detected in the two groups of patients, emphasizing the importance of conducting further studies focusing on the pregnant and postpartum population, as the consequences of the disease in this population can be applied directly in the mother-child binomial.

Transcranial direct current stimulation as a strategy to manage COVID-19 pain and fatigue

SUMMARY The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has infected millions of people worldwide and generated many sequels in the survivors, such as muscular pain and fatigue. These symptoms have been treated through pharmacological approaches; however, infected people keep presenting physical limitations. Besides, the COVID-19 damage to the central nervous system has also been related to the presence of some physical impairment, so strategies that focus on diverse brain areas should be encouraged. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-pharmacological tool that could be associated with pharmacological treatments to improve the central nervous system function and decrease the exacerbation of the immune system response. tDCS targeting pain and fatigue-related areas could provide an increase in neuroplasticity and enhancements in physical functions. Moreover, it can be used in infirmaries and clinical centers to treat COVID-19 patients.

Comment on The importance of physical exercise during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

SUMMARY Currently, many people have been infected by the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and presented cardiorespiratory symptoms caused mainly by the host immune system response and respiratory tract inflammation. So far, there is no effective treatment to fight off COVID-19 and, despite many daily speculations about new treatments and vaccines, in this article, we discuss the effectiveness of a cheap and scientific proven technique to treat and prevent several diseases. Many studies have shown the benefits of physical exercise in individuals who have practiced it routinely. This approach is a great strategy to improve people's cardiorespiratory capacity, inflammation system, and immune response. Due to the quarantine period, the practice of physical exercise at home can also be used to fight off COVID-19 and must be inserted into people's routines.

RESUMO Atualmente, muitas pessoas ainda têm sido infectadas pelo Coronavírus (COVID-19) e apresentado sintomas cardiorrespiratórios gerados principalmente pela resposta do sistema imune do hospedeiro e inflamação do trato respiratório. Até agora, não existe nenhum tratamento efetivo para combater o COVID-19 e apesar de muitas especulações diárias sobre novos tratamentos e vacinas, neste artigo, nós discutimos sobre a efetividade de uma técnica barata e cientificamente comprovada para tratar e prevenir diversas doenças. Muitos estudos têm demonstrado os benefícios do exercício físico em indivíduos que tem praticado de forma rotineira. Esta abordagem é uma excelente estratégia para melhorar a capacidade cardiorrespiratória, sistema inflamatório e resposta imune. Devido ao período de quarentena, a prática de exercício físico em casa pode também ser usada para combater o COVID-19 e deve ser inserida na rotina das pessoas.