Quality Appraisal of Nutritional Guidelines to Prevent, Diagnose, and Treat Malnutrition in All Its Forms during Pregnancy.

This work aimed to identify clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) that include recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of women's malnutrition during pregnancy and to evaluate the quality of these guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument. We conducted a literature review using PubMed and different websites from January 2009 to February 2021. The quality of the CPGs was independently assessed by reviewers using the AGREE II instrument, which defines guidelines scoring >70% in the overall assessment as "high quality". The analysis included 43 guidelines. Among the main findings, we identified that only half of the CPGs (51.1%) obtained a final "high quality" evaluation. AGREE II results varied widely across domains and categories. The two domains that obtained the highest scores were scope and purpose with 88.3% (range 39 to 100%) and clarity of presentation with 87.2% (range 25 to 100%). Among the "high quality" CPGs, the best scores were achieved by the three guidelines published by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Due to the importance of maternal nutrition in pregnancy, it is essential to join forces to improve the quality of the guidelines, especially in CPGs that do not meet the reference standards for quality.

Taxogenomic and Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Genus Saccharomonospora Focused on the Identification of Biosynthetic Clusters PKS and NRPS.

Actinobacteria are prokaryotes with a large biotechnological interest due to their ability to produce secondary metabolites, produced by two main biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs): polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). Most studies on bioactive products have been carried out on actinobacteria isolated from soil, freshwater or marine habitats, while very few have been focused on halophilic actinobacteria isolated from extreme environments. In this study we have carried out a comparative genomic analysis of the actinobacterial genus Saccharomonospora, which includes species isolated from soils, lake sediments, marine or hypersaline habitats. A total of 19 genome sequences of members of Saccharomonospora were retrieved and analyzed. We compared the 16S rRNA gene-based phylogeny of this genus with evolutionary relationships inferred using a phylogenomic approach obtaining almost identical topologies between both strategies. This method allowed us to unequivocally assign strains into species and to identify some taxonomic relationships that need to be revised. Our study supports a recent speciation event occurring between Saccharomonospora halophila and Saccharomonospora iraqiensis. Concerning the identification of BGCs, a total of 18 different types of BGCs were detected in the analyzed genomes of Saccharomonospora, including PKS, NRPS and hybrid clusters which might be able to synthetize 40 different putative products. In comparison to other genera of the Actinobacteria, members of the genus Saccharomonospora showed a high degree of novelty and diversity of BGCs.

Draft Genome Sequence of Saccharomonospora piscinae KCTC 19743T, an Actinobacterium Containing Secondary Metabolite Biosynthetic Gene Clusters.

The draft genome sequence of Saccharomonospora piscinae KCTC 19743T, with a size of 4,897,614 bp, was assembled into 11 scaffolds containing 4,561 open reading frames and a G+C content of 71.0 mol%. Polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene clusters, which are responsible for the biosynthesis of several biomolecules, were identified and located in different regions in the genome.

Draft Genome Sequence of Saccharomonospora sp. Strain LRS4.154, a Moderately Halophilic Actinobacterium with the Biotechnologically Relevant Polyketide Synthase and Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Systems.

The draft genome sequence of Saccharomonospora sp. strain LRS4.154, a moderately halophilic actinobacterium, has been determined. The genome has 4,860,108 bp, a G+C content of 71.0%, and 4,525 open reading frames (ORFs). The clusters of PKS and NRPS genes, responsible for the biosynthesis of a large number of biomolecules, were identified in the genome.