RESUMO
An increased incidence of hypertension (HT) in postmenopausal female population has been shown in previous studies and this has been ascribed to an association with altered status of estrogen (E2) and other female sex hormones. Hypertension is associated with certain target organ damage (TOD) and related clinical conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between microalbuminuria, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), retinopathy, and sex hormone status in newly diagnosed hypertensive women. A total of 66 hypertensive women (39 postmenopausal and 27 premenopausal) were included in the study. Along with the tests recommended in the HT guidelines, LVH, hypertensive retinopathy, and microalbuminuria were investigated in all the patients. Sex hormones (follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and E2) of the patients were also measured. The results show that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in regard to TOD except microalbuminuria. The frequency of microalbuminuria in premenopausal group patients was higher than that of the postmenopausal group patients (P = .038). This study suggests that TOD caused by HT is a very important health problem, seeming to be related with female sex hormones.
Assuntos
Albuminúria/epidemiologia , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/sangue , Hipertensão/sangue , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Retinopatia Hipertensiva/epidemiologia , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Albuminúria/fisiopatologia , Comorbidade , Estrogênios/sangue , Feminino , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Humanos , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Retinopatia Hipertensiva/fisiopatologia , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/fisiopatologia , Incidência , Hormônio Luteinizante/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pós-Menopausa/sangue , Pós-Menopausa/fisiologia , Pré-Menopausa/sangue , Pré-Menopausa/fisiologia , Progesterona/sangueRESUMO
Hypertensive patients have strong evidence of endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to explore the relationships between cardiovascular risk factors and arterial stiffness parameters in hypertensive patients. The study population included 109 hypertensive patients (63 females, 46 males). Arterial stiffness measures including pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and central aortic pressure were applied. Augmentation index and central aortic pressure were found to be significantly higher (P < .001 and P = .03, respectively) in women. The higher augmentation index and central aortic pressure values were observed in women than in men. These data offer new evidences for the role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in women.
Assuntos
Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Rigidez Vascular/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Pressão Arterial , Aterosclerose/etiologia , Aterosclerose/fisiopatologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Since some reports have already suggested a higher rate of ovarian pregnancies in women using intrauterine device and some have not, an additional case report may be of interest for the literature purposes. CASE REPORT: In this case report we present an ovarian pregnancy in a patient with an intrauterine device in situ.