RESUMO
The aim of this study is to improve the utilization of phosphorus (P) in soil, and to study the effects of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on P fractions and bacterial communities. In this experiment, we reduced the amount of P fertilizer by 30 % and 40 % respectively to studied the effects of combined application of bacterial fertilizers on soil microbial community and phosphate transformation process under different fertilization rates. The results showed that the application of PSB affected the transformation process of different P fractions. PSB had the most significant impact on organic phosphorus (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the abundance of bacteria was significantly correlated to the P fractions, indicating that the application of PSB had affected the bacterial community structure. In addition, Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis showed that there was a causal relationship between the various visual variables. SEM confirmed the response relationship between bacterial communities and P components. Based on these results, we concluded that the application of PSB increased the sensitivity of P components, especially Olsen-P and MBP, to soil microorganisms. The application of PSB is an effective method to improve P utilization.
RESUMO
The incidence of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has increased in the last two decades and the clinical research regarding the treatment for PCNSL patients has also increased. However, the optimal induction chemotherapy has not been fully established. In the present retrospective study, the aim was to analyze the outcome in PCNSL patients treated with the combination of rituximab, methotrexate (MTX), cytarabine (Ara-C) and dexamethasone (R-MAD). Eighteen patients from Beijing Tiantan Hospital (Beijing, China) between January 2010 and March 2014 were newly diagnosed with PCNSL [diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) type] and received R-MAD as first-line treatment. The dosage was as follows: 375 mg/m2 rituximab was administered on day 0, 3.5 g/m2 MTX was administered on day 1, 1 g/m2 Ara-C was administered on day 2 and 10 mg dexamethasone was administered on days 1-3, every 3 weeks. After 6 cycles, the overall response rate was 94.5%. Ten (55.6%) patients achieved complete response (CR), 7 (38.9%) achieved partial response (PR) and 1 (5.6%) had progressive disease (PD). Patients were followed up from the start of the treatment, median 24.2 months (range 6-48). The overall survival (OS) rate was 94.5% and progression-free survival rate was 94.5%. The median OS was 22 months (95% confidence interval, 19.4-24.6). The high level of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration was associated with a poor outcome. Among 5 patients with an abnormally high LDH concentration, 1 achieved CR, 3 had PR and 1 had PD. None of the patients experienced any grade 4 toxicity. These results indicated that the R-MAD immunochemotherapy regimen is effective in PCNSL patients without serious toxicity. A prospective investigation with more patients should be administered in order to understand the more accurate effect of the regimen.