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1.
Acta Clin Croat ; 62(3): 567-570, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39310694

RESUMO

Isolated abducens nerve palsy following lumbar puncture is a rare complication. In scientific literature, it has been mostly described after performing spinal anesthesia in anesthesiology literature rather than in neurological literature. Isolated abducens nerve palsy usually occurs from one to three weeks after performing lumbar puncture and it is important to connect it with this procedure and exclude other possible etiologies. The actual incidence of this complication is unknown. We describe a 32-year-old male patient who presented with unspecific headache attributed to cavernous malformation and two developmental venous anomalies. While searching for headache etiology, lumbar puncture was performed. Two days after lumbar puncture, the patient presented with isolated abducens palsy of the right eye. Our planned diagnostic evaluation included measuring intracranial pressure by noninvasive optic sheath nerve sonography and repeating brain magnetic resonance imaging. We also planned to treat the patient with epidural blood patch, which is usually successful when performed as soon as the diagnosis is established. Unfortunately, our patient refused diagnostic and therapeutic proposal, so it was impossible to know final outcome. In conclusion, we want to highlight these complications, especially to young doctors and specialists who might see it rarely.


Assuntos
Doenças do Nervo Abducente , Punção Espinal , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Doenças do Nervo Abducente/etiologia , Doenças do Nervo Abducente/diagnóstico , Punção Espinal/efeitos adversos
2.
Acta Clin Croat ; 62(2): 249-261, 2023 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38549600

RESUMO

This study compared the self-assessed health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and degree of depression between patients with chronic neuropathic nonodontogenic orofacial pain (NOFP) and healthy controls using the Short Form Survey (SF-36) health status questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). This controlled cross-sectional study included 100 patients and 119 healthy controls. The diagnostic protocol recorded the following: 1) pain intensity using a visual analog scale for the time of examination and during the one-month prior; 2) evidence for neuropathic pain using the Leeds questionnaire for neuropathic signs and symptoms (LANSS); 3) emotional status using the BDI-II; and 4) HRQoL using the SF-36 questionnaire. The mean LANSS score was 17.18 in the patient group and 0.0 in the control group. The mean BDI-II score was 18.31 in the patient group and 5.87 in the control group. The SF-36 scores were shown with Mann-Whitney U testing to have statistically significant differences between the patient and healthy control groups in all categories. Vitality was the only SF-36 category in which the patient group scored higher than the control group. In conclusion, NOFP significantly reduces the self-reported HRQoL. NOFP is also related to the development of depression, but does not affect its severity. There is a significant correlation between depression and low quality of life in patients with NOFP.


Assuntos
Dor Crônica , Neuralgia , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Neuralgia/diagnóstico , Neuralgia/terapia , Nível de Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Dor Facial/diagnóstico , Dor Facial/etiologia , Dor Facial/terapia , Dor Crônica/diagnóstico , Dor Crônica/terapia
3.
Acta Clin Croat ; 62(2): 339-344, 2023 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38549595

RESUMO

The concentration of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the blood is higher in patients with active multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to those with inactive disease. The concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α in the blood is higher in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) compared to those with a healthy thyroid. The aim of the study was to assess whether serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels correlated with saliva in patients with inactive MS and whether there was a difference in these groups of patients depending of thyroid status. We also examined the correlation of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with thyroid status. The study included 54 patients in the inactive phase of MS. The level of cytokines in the blood was determined by chemiluminescence, and in saliva by ELISA. Blood and saliva IL-6 levels showed positive correlation, while blood and saliva TNF-α levels were not correlated. There was a significantly higher TSH level in patients with inactive MS with positive thyroid antibodies, without therapy, compared with those with negative antibodies.


Assuntos
Doença de Hashimoto , Esclerose Múltipla , Humanos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Interleucina-6 , Esclerose Múltipla/complicações , Saliva , Doença de Hashimoto/complicações , Tireotropina
4.
Croat Med J ; 63(4): 379-388, 2022 Aug 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36046935

RESUMO

Untreated multiple sclerosis (MS) irretrievably leads to severe neurological impairment. In European health care systems, patient access to disease modifying therapies (DMT) is often confined to more advanced stages of the disease because of restrictions in reimbursement. A discrepancy in access to DMTs is evident between West and East European countries. In order to improve access to DMTs for people with MS (pwMS) living in Croatia, the Croatian Neurological Society issued new recommendations for the treatment of relapsing MS. The aim of this article is to present these recommendations. The recommendations for platform therapies are to start DMT as soon as the diagnosis is made. If poor prognostic criteria are present (≥9 T2 or FLAIR lesions on the initial brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] or ≥3 T1 lesions with postcontrast enhancement on the initial brain and spinal cord MRI or Expanded Disability Status Scale after treatment of the initial relapse ≥3), high-efficacy DMT should be initiated. If pwMS experience ≥1 relapse or ≥3 new T2 lesions while on platform therapies, they should be switched to high-efficacy DMT. Further efforts should be made to enable early and unrestricted access to high-efficacy DMT with a freedom of choice of an appropriate therapy for expert physicians and pwMS. The improvement of access to DMT achieved by the implementation of national treatment guidelines in Croatia can serve as an example to national neurological societies from other Eastern European countries to persuade payers to enable early and unrestricted treatment of pwMS.


Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla , Encéfalo , Croácia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Esclerose Múltipla/diagnóstico por imagem , Esclerose Múltipla/tratamento farmacológico , Recidiva
5.
Acta Clin Croat ; 61(1): 149-152, 2022 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36398085

RESUMO

Spinal subdural hematoma caused by lumbar puncture is a rare state of acute blood clot in spinal subdural space, and in some cases, it can be the cause of local compression and consecutive neurological symptoms. We present a 36-year-old female patient who was hospitalized due to persistent headache despite pharmacological therapy. Therefore, we performed lumbar puncture in order to measure intracranial pressure and evaluate cerebrospinal fluid. After lumbar puncture, the patient was complaining of pain in the lumbar region. Emergency magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbosacral (LS) region was performed to show acute subdural hematoma of up to 7.3 mm in the dorsal part of the spinal canal at the level of L1 vertebra to the inferior endplate of L4 vertebra. Repeat LS MRI after 3 hours showed unchanged finding. The patient reported gradual regression of pain in the LS region over the next few days, therefore conservative treatment was applied. Patients with a previously known blood clotting disorder and patients on anticoagulation therapy have worse outcome as compared with patients without such disorders. During treatment, it is necessary to monitor patient clinical state and consider the need of surgical treatment.


Assuntos
Hematoma Subdural Espinal , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Hematoma Subdural Espinal/diagnóstico , Hematoma Subdural Espinal/etiologia , Hematoma Subdural Espinal/patologia , Punção Espinal/efeitos adversos , Vértebras Lombares , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Dor/etiologia
6.
Acta Clin Croat ; 61(2): 320-326, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36818932

RESUMO

Parkinson's disease (PD) is generally considered as a primary movement disorder, but the majority of patients also suffer from non-motor oral, salivary symptoms. The most common salivary symptoms, sialorrhea and xerostomia, have a considerable negative impact on the quality of life. Although these symptoms are completely opposite ones, both significantly impair oral health of patients. Sialorrhea is defined as an increased amount of the retaining saliva. It is related to salivary overproduction, or it may be associated with impaired clearance of saliva. Opposed to sialorrhea, xerostomia is subjectively defined as dryness of mouth and it is related to insufficient salivary secretion. Xerostomia promotes imbalance of oral microflora and oral pathology that often leads to malnutrition in PD patients. It is mostly related to autonomic dysfunction, or it might be considered as a side effect of dopaminergic or anticholinergic medication. In PD, different assessments are used for evaluation of sialorrhea and xerostomia, including validated scales for non-motor symptoms and standardized questionnaires on oral health. Consequently, treatment of salivary symptoms includes pharmacological and nonpharmacological approach, and surgical interventions. A multidisciplinary approach in clinical neurology and dental medicine, which includes accurate evaluation of salivary symptoms and effective treatment, indicates successful management of PD patients.


Assuntos
Doença de Parkinson , Sialorreia , Xerostomia , Humanos , Sialorreia/diagnóstico , Sialorreia/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Parkinson/complicações , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Qualidade de Vida , Xerostomia/complicações , Saliva
7.
Acta Clin Croat ; 61(Suppl 2): 121-128, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36824643

RESUMO

The purpose of the study was to find differences in the parameters of the response to the blink reflex (BR) between patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and health volunteers. A prospective cohort study was conducted over 2 years. The TN-subgroup included 15 patients (mean age / SD 62.3 ± 10.7 years). Pain-free and healthy volunteers as a HV-subgroup (mean age / SD: 30.8 ± 8.1 years) were recruited from asymptomatic students of dental medicine. Diagnostic parameters were determined by measuring latency to the onset of the BR components from electric stimulation. The following branches of the trigeminal nerve were affected: maxillary branch only (26.7%), mandibular branch only (20%), combined: ophthalmic branch with maxillary branch (6.7%), and ophthalmic branch with mandibular branch (6.7%) respectively, combined maxillary and mandibular branch (26.7%) and affected all three branches (13.4%). The latencies of the BR, left and right side together, between subgroups were significantly higher for values R1 (homolateral early response), R2 (homolateral late response), R2c latency (contralaterally expressed response) in the TN-subgroup (p < 0.05). On the basis of the presence of R1c and R3 latencies and upon considering the abnormal findings of the BR, no statistically significant differences were found between the examined subgroups (p > 0.05). Blink-reflex parameters (R1, R2 and R2c) were significantly abnormal comparing TN-patients with healthy volunteers. The R3 component of the BR was related to noxious stimuli, likewise by innocuous stimuli.


Assuntos
Neuralgia do Trigêmeo , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/diagnóstico , Piscadela , Estudos Prospectivos , Voluntários Saudáveis , Nervo Trigêmeo
8.
Psychiatr Danub ; 33(Suppl 4): 1316-1319, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35503949

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological method widely used by medical specialists to manage acute and chronic pain in different circumstances. It can be used to manage pain during many dental procedures, as well as pain due to various conditions affecting the maxillofacial region. The aim of this study was to provide insight into the clinical research evidence for the analgetic application of TENS in pediatric patients. The hypothesis was that TENS device will achieve analgetic effect on teeth during dental procedure. METHODS: This study included 125 patients treated at the School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb clinic during two-year period. After diagnosis of caries and need for restorative treatment, patients were randomly selected in three groups. Group 1 received local anesthesia, group 2 had no anesthesia and group 3 used TENS device. Level of pain was measured with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Research was conducted by one therapist that was calibrated. RESULTS: We found no statistically significant difference between TENS group and group without anesthesia(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: TENS device is not as efficient in achieving analgetic impact during dental procedure as local anesthesia.


Assuntos
Dor Crônica , Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea , Adolescente , Criança , Odontologia , Humanos , Manejo da Dor , Medição da Dor , Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea/métodos
9.
Acta Clin Croat ; 60(4): 595-601, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35734486

RESUMO

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) plays an important role in lipid metabolism and is a proven risk factor for development of dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the possible connection between particular APOE alleles, blood lipid profile and different types of epilepsy in children. Alleles of the APOE gene, blood cholesterol (total, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were analyzed in blood samples of 111 children with epilepsy and 118 age- and sex-matched children without epilepsy. Distribution of APOE genotypes was the same in children of both groups. Significantly increased levels of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were found in control group (Z=3.49 and 3.52 respectively, p<0.01). No statistically significant difference was found between the genotypes of children with idiopathic and symptomatic epilepsy (χ2=1.96; df=2; p>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of total cholesterol (Z=2.09; p<0.05) and LDL cholesterol (Z=2.05; p<0.05) according to the type of epilepsy in favor of symptomatic epilepsy. The study confirmed that there was no connection between APOE and type of epilepsy in children and showed the children with epilepsy to have lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Interestingly, this also held true for children with idiopathic epilepsy compared to those with symptomatic condition.


Assuntos
Apolipoproteínas E , Epilepsia , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Criança , Colesterol , LDL-Colesterol , Epilepsia/genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Triglicerídeos
10.
Neurol Sci ; 40(12): 2565-2572, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31327072

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Different models that include clinical variables and blood markers have been investigated to predict acute ischemic stroke treatment course and recovery. AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate associations between lipid levels, lifestyle factors, hemostatic (F5, F2, SERPINE1, F13A1, and FGB), and atherogenic (APOA5 and ACE) gene variants and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 250 patients with AIS in which F5, F2, SERPINE1, F13A1, FGB, APOA5, and ACE genotypes were determined. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations were measured within 24 h of the AIS onset. Examination of the neurological deficit was done using National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale/Score (NIHSS). RESULTS: APOA5 genotype [TC + CC] was more frequent (P = 0.026) in patients with the NIHSS score ≥ 21. Univariate regression analysis has shown that triglycerides (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.34-0.91; P = 0.019), obesity (0.28, 95% CI 0.10-0.73; P = 0.010), age (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04-1.13; P < 0.001), and APOA5 genotype (TC + CC) (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.10-5.25; P = 0.034) are significantly associated with a severe stroke. When all variables were included in model age (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.11; P = 0.018), obesity (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.08-0.77; P = 0.016) and APOA5 genotype (TC + CC) (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.29-8.23; P = 0.012) remained significant for the risk of severe AIS. CONCLUSION: APOA5 genotype (TC + CC), age, and obesity could be used as prognostic risk factors for a very severe stroke (NIHSS ≥ 21).


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Obesidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Apolipoproteína A-V/genética , Isquemia Encefálica/sangue , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Isquemia Encefálica/genética , Isquemia Encefálica/fisiopatologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Obesidade/genética , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/sangue , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/genética , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Triglicerídeos/sangue
11.
Acta Clin Croat ; 58(3): 550-555, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31969771

RESUMO

Acute optic neuritis has the age and sex adjusted incidence of 1-5/100,000 in general population. It is mostly a disorder affecting young Caucasian women (31-32 years). Patients present to a wide range of clinicians including general practitioner, emergency physician, ophthalmologist, neurologist, etc. There are two main clinical presentations of optic neuritis, typical and atypical. It is of great importance to distinguish these two types of optic neuritis in order to detect the underlying etiology and plan appropriate and timely treatment. We present a young female patient (36 years) admitted to Department of Ophthalmology due to visual loss on the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging showed demyelinating lesions in frontal and parietal lobe, periventricularly, in mesencephalon and right cerebellar hemisphere, and left optic neuritis; magnetic resonance angiography was normal. The patient's history revealed renal dysfunction, hypothyroidism, and miscarriage in the 6th month of pregnancy due to eclampsia, and Fabry disease in family (mother and two sisters). She was transferred to the Department of Neurology for further evaluation of the demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The patient received corticosteroid therapy (methylprednisolone 1 g) for 5 days with regression of visual disturbances on the left eye. After this acute treatment, the question of definitive diagnosis remained, along with further treatment of the underlying cause. Considering renal dysfunction, miscarriage, arterial hypertension, positive genetic and biochemical testing for Fabry disease in close relatives (mother), we suspected that she also had Fabry disease. She was tested and the results were positive. We concluded that optic neuritis was the first sign of Fabry disease in this case, reflecting acute atypical neuroinflammatory disease.


Assuntos
Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas/métodos , Doença de Fabry/complicações , Doença de Fabry/fisiopatologia , Neurite Óptica/diagnóstico , Neurite Óptica/terapia , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia , Transtornos da Visão/terapia , Doença Aguda/terapia , Adulto , Croácia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Neurite Óptica/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
12.
Acta Clin Croat ; 58(Suppl 1): 82-89, 2019 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31741564

RESUMO

The concept of diagnostics and therapy of musculoskeletal and neuropathic diseases of the stomatognathic system, which are the subject of this paper, has been developing for decades. It can be said that in order to avoid misunderstanding, the orofacial pain as a clinical problem, in the narrower sense, involves non-odontogenic and non-malignant causes of orofacial region. In this study, the results of clinical diagnosis of the population of 557 consecutive patients with orofacial pain based on multidisciplinary diagnostics were evaluated. 15.6% of patients have given up on the participation in the study. It has been shown that the patients who dropped out of the study were significantly older (p=0.0411) than those who agreed to participate, but there was no difference in gender ratio (p=0.185) since the proportion of female patients prevailed. In an analysis of 84.4% of patients participating in the study, the elevated anxiety values were established (mean value on STAI 1 was 39.2 and STAI 2 was 41.1) and statistical significance was found in correlation between elevated anxiety and intensity of pain as shown on visual analogue scale on open mouth (p<0.0001). Compared to the age, the statistical significance was for STAI 1 (p=0.0097) but not for STAI 2 (p=0.5599). The most common form of therapy is Michigan stabilization splint: for disc displacement of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in 38.9% of patients and in combination with physiotherapy in 18.7% of patients; for osteoarthritis of TMJ in 28.4% and in combination with physiotherapy in 26.4% of patients. The treatment with anticonvulsant drugs for trigeminal neuralgia predominates in 54.3% of patients, which is combined with acupuncture in 25.7% of patients and only acupuncture in 17.1% of patients. In this study, a multidisciplinary co-operation in initial diagnostics and differential was designed to develop subspecialist knowledge on orofacial pain.


Assuntos
Dor Facial/terapia , Osteoartrite/cirurgia , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/cirurgia , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/terapia , Terapia por Acupuntura , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ansiedade/etiologia , Criança , Dor Facial/etiologia , Dor Facial/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite/complicações , Osteoartrite/diagnóstico , Medição da Dor , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Articulação Temporomandibular , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/complicações , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/diagnóstico , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/complicações , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/diagnóstico , Adulto Jovem
13.
J Proteome Res ; 17(7): 2282-2292, 2018 07 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29708756

RESUMO

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a promising clinical sample for identification of novel biomarkers for various neurological disorders. Considering its direct contact with brain tissue, CSF represents a valuable source of brain-related and brain-specific proteins. Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory, demyelinating neurological disease affecting the central nervous system, and so far there are no diagnostic or prognostic disease specific biomarkers available in the clinic. The primary aim of the present study was to develop a targeted mass spectrometry assay for simultaneous quantification of 30 brain-related proteins in CSF and subsequently to demonstrate assay feasibility in neurological samples derived from multiple sclerosis patients. Our multiplex selected reaction monitoring assay had wide dynamic range (median fold range across peptides = 8.16 × 103) and high assay reproducibility (median across peptides CV = 4%). Candidate biomarkers were quantified in CSF samples from neurologically healthy individuals (n = 9) and patients diagnosed with clinically isolated syndrome (n = 29) or early multiple sclerosis (n = 15).


Assuntos
Proteínas do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/análise , Proteômica/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores/análise , Encéfalo/patologia , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esclerose Múltipla/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Esclerose Múltipla/diagnóstico , Esclerose Múltipla/patologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos
14.
Acta Clin Croat ; 57(4): 780-784, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31168218

RESUMO

- Fabry disease is a rare X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disease affecting multiple organ systems, presenting in the central nervous system (CNS) as white matter lesions with underlying cerebral vasculopathy and autoinflammatory changes of the choroid plexus and leptomeninges. We present a young female patient (age 36 years) admitted to our department due to visual loss on the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed demyelinating lesions in the frontal and parietal lobe, periventricularly, in mesencephalon and right cerebellar hemisphere, and left optic neuritis; MR angiography was normal. Her medical history revealed renal dysfunction, hypothyroidism, and miscarriage in the 6th month of pregnancy due to eclampsia and Fabry disease in the family (mother). Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed mild pleocytosis, normal blood brain barrier function and oligoclonal bands type 3. Visual evoked potentials showed prechiasmal dysfunction of the left optic nerve. Genetical testing for Fabry disease was positive (two heterozygous mutations), with decreased alpha galactosidase activity values and increased Lyso GB3 values. The patient received corticosteroid therapy (methylprednisolone) 1 g for 5 days, which led to regression of visual disturbances on the left eye. After this acute treatment, there was a question of definitive diagnosis and further treatment of the underlying cause. Considering renal dysfunction, miscarriage, arterial hypertension, positive genetic and biochemical testing for Fabry disease, as well as MRI findings showing lesions in posterior circulation, we concluded that the patient probably had Fabry disease with autoinflammatory changes in the CNS and should be treated with enzyme replacement therapy. Still, there was a question of optic neuritis on the left eye and positive oligoclonal bands favoring the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Therefore, further clinical and neuroradiological follow up was needed to distinguish multiple sclerosis and Fabry disease in this patient.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença de Fabry , Metilprednisolona/administração & dosagem , Esclerose Múltipla/diagnóstico , Neurite Óptica , Transtornos da Visão , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas/métodos , Doença de Fabry/diagnóstico , Doença de Fabry/genética , Doença de Fabry/fisiopatologia , Doença de Fabry/terapia , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Esclerose Múltipla/fisiopatologia , Exame Neurológico , Neurite Óptica/diagnóstico , Neurite Óptica/etiologia , Linhagem , Resultado do Tratamento , Transtornos da Visão/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia , Transtornos da Visão/terapia
15.
Acta Clin Croat ; 56(1): 157-161, 2017 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29120554

RESUMO

Trigeminal neuralgia is one of the most common causes of facial pain. It implies short lasting episodes of unilateral electric shock-like pain with abrupt onset and termination, in the distribution of one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve that are triggered by innocuous stimuli. Most cases of trigeminal neuralgia are caused by compression of the trigeminal nerve root. Depending on the etiology, trigeminal neuralgia can be classified as classic trigeminal neuralgia or painful trigeminal neuropathy. It may be precipitated by some actions at trigger zones. The diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia is based on diagnostic criteria for classic trigeminal neuralgia, neuroimaging and electrophysiologic trigeminal reflex testing. Treatment of classic trigeminal neuralgia for most patients is pharmacological therapy, while surgical approach is reserved for patients that are refractory to medical therapy and in cases of painful trigeminal neuropathy.


Assuntos
Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Ablação , Analgésicos não Narcóticos/uso terapêutico , Piscadela/fisiologia , Carbamazepina/uso terapêutico , Dor Facial/etiologia , Humanos , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Cirurgia de Descompressão Microvascular , Neuroimagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Nervo Trigêmeo/fisiopatologia , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/complicações , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/fisiopatologia , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/terapia
16.
Acta Clin Croat ; 56(1): 80-83, 2017 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29120143

RESUMO

The study included 60 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) hospitalized at our institution from September 1 to December 31, 2014. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in MS patients and RLS relationship with patient age, sex, degree of disability, form of MS, time elapsed from MS diagnosis and use of antidepressants. The diagnosis of RLS was made according to the criteria set by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group. Of the 60 patients, 24 (40%) met the criteria for the existence of RLS. In the group of patients with RLS, there was a significantly higher proportion of women and those that were taking antidepressants. There were no statistically significant between-group differences according to age, duration of illness, degree of disability and clinical course of MS. In the study, 37.5% of patients that met the criteria for RLS diagnosis had not informed the neurologists about their difficulties. The high prevalence of RLS and the fact that a large proportion of patients did not inform the neurologists about their difficulties related to RLS point to the need of an active approach to diagnosis and treatment.


Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla/epidemiologia , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Croácia/epidemiologia , Revelação , Feminino , Hospitais Especializados , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Reabilitação , Distribuição por Sexo
17.
Acta Clin Croat ; 56(1): 44-47, 2017 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29120129

RESUMO

Migraine and tension type headache are the most common disabling primary headache disorders. Epidemiological studies have documented their high prevalence and high socioeconomic and personal impacts. According to recent data, migraine ranks as the third most prevalent disorder and seventh-highest specific cause of disability worldwide. Tension-type headache has lifetime prevalence in the general population ranging between 30% and 78% in different studies. According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition, there also are many other headaches but their incidence in general population is lower than the previously mentioned headaches. Trigeminal nerve and upper cervical segments (C1-C3) are included in pain control of the head region and often evaluated in headache studies in order to improve differential diagnosis and headache treatment. In our study, we evaluated the potential role of electromyographic (EMG) blink reflex in establishing diagnosis of headache and evaluation of trigeminal nerve dysfunction as the possible underlying pathomorphological headache mechanism. Our study included 60 patients with different types of primary headaches and 30 control subjects. Statistical analysis was performed by use of χ2-test and statistical significance was set at p<0.001. Study results showed that patients with trigeminal dysfunction in EMG blink reflex had a 5.6-fold higher risk of developing headache in comparison to subjects with normal EMG blink reflex finding.


Assuntos
Piscadela/fisiologia , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/epidemiologia , Cefaleia do Tipo Tensional/epidemiologia , Doenças do Nervo Trigêmeo/epidemiologia , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Vértebras Cervicais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eletromiografia , Feminino , Cefaleia/epidemiologia , Cefaleia/fisiopatologia , Transtornos da Cefaleia/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Cefaleia/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/fisiopatologia , Prevalência , Nervos Espinhais/fisiopatologia , Cefaleia do Tipo Tensional/fisiopatologia , Nervo Trigêmeo/fisiopatologia , Doenças do Nervo Trigêmeo/diagnóstico , Doenças do Nervo Trigêmeo/fisiopatologia
18.
Coll Antropol ; 40(3): 183-8, 2016 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29139637

RESUMO

Headaches are one of the most common ailments in modern society, leading to severe diminishing of general activities and they result in significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Blink reflex is an objective neurophysiological method for determining the status of the trigeminal system, facial nerve and the lateral part of medulla oblongata. The aim of this study was to examine the connection between trigeminal nerve dysfunction and various types of headaches using functional electrophysiological assessment of blink reflex tests in patients and controls. The sample comprised 60 subjects with headache attacks, 44 females, and 16 males). The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects (19 females, and 11 males) who did not suffer from headaches. The age of subjects ranged from 20 years to 76 years with the mean of 42.81 years. Trigeminal nerve function was assessed by using blink reflex tests in patients suffering from headaches and in controls, applying the standard procedure described by Kimura et al. Pathological findings of blink reflex were observed in 58.3 % of patients suffering from headaches and in only 20 % of cases in the control group. The application of Yates' χ2 test showed a significant correlation between pathological blink reflex and headache occurrence (χ2 = 10.354; P = 0.001). Normal blink reflex was found in 41.7 % of patients suffering from headaches and in 80 % of control group subjects. Females with pathological blink reflex have 4 times higher risk for headaches than controls (OR = 4.107; 95% CI = 1.036 - 17.565). Males with pathological blink reflex have a considerably higher risk for headaches, and it was 13 times higher than in controls (OR = 13.500; 95% CI = 1.555 - 153.646). There is a strong correlation between pathological blink reflex and the occurrence of headaches in both genders, indicating significant association of trigeminal nerve dysfunction with the occurrence of headaches. The use of blink reflex testing could be of help to detect patients with an increased risk for headaches.


Assuntos
Piscadela/fisiologia , Cefaleia/diagnóstico , Nervo Trigêmeo/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Cefaleia/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
19.
Acta Clin Croat ; 55(3): 402-406, 2016 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29045103

RESUMO

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system and usually occurs at the age when people would be expected to be in the prime of their sexual lives. In everyday practice, sexual dysfunction is underestimated because clinicians mostly concentrate on the classic neurologic deficits and often overlook symptoms that can seriously affect the quality of life. Our study included 98 patients (42 men and 56 women, mean age 35±12 years) with relapse from our MS register, with established diagnosis of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis according to McDonald criteria. Patients completed the questionnaires (Sexual Satisfaction Scale, SSS and Beck Depression Scale BDS), and underwent neurological assessment (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS). All patients were in the group with EDSS 2 to 4 points (mobile patients). There was no statistically significant difference in BDS and SSS values according to EDSS score. Correlation coefficients were calculated (BDS and SSS) for men (p=0.42) and women (p=0.44), yielding positive correlation. There was no statistically significant difference in BDS and SSS values according to gender, disease duration or immunomodulatory therapy. In our group of patients, despite low EDSS score (fully ambulatory without aid, self sufficient patients) we found positive correlation between sexual dysfunction and depression, showing that even in such patients the quality of life can be decreased. In conclusion, sexual dysfunction and depression are mostly under-recognized by neurologists because they are not part of routine testing; therefore, some additional questionnaires should be used in the evaluation in MS patients, even those with low EDSS score, in order to improve their quality of life.


Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Disfunções Sexuais Fisiológicas/epidemiologia , Disfunções Sexuais Psicogênicas/epidemiologia , Adulto , Comorbidade , Avaliação da Deficiência , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esclerose Múltipla/complicações , Esclerose Múltipla/psicologia , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Disfunções Sexuais Fisiológicas/etiologia , Disfunções Sexuais Psicogênicas/etiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
20.
Acta Clin Croat ; 55(3): 469-473, 2016 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29045775

RESUMO

Each sleep phase is characterized by specific chemical, cellular and anatomic events of vital importance for normal neural functioning. Different forms of sleep deprivation may lead to a decline of cognitive functions in individuals. Studies in this field make a distinction between total sleep deprivation, chronic sleep restriction, and the situation of sleep disruption. Investigations covering the acute effects of sleep deprivation on the brain show that the discovered behavioral deficits in most cases regenerate after two nights of complete sleep. However, some studies done on mice emphasize the possible chronic effects of long-term sleep deprivation or chronic restriction on the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia. In order to better understand the acute and chronic effects of sleep loss, the mechanisms of neural adaptation in the situations of insufficient sleep need to be further investigated. Future integrative research on the impact of sleep deprivation on neural functioning measured through the macro level of cognitive functions and the micro molecular and cell level could contribute to more accurate conclusions about the basic cellular mechanisms responsible for the detected behavioral deficits occurring due to sleep deprivation.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Desempenho Psicomotor/fisiologia , Privação do Sono/complicações , Vigília/fisiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino
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