RESUMO
(1) Background: This study aims to compare the ground truth (pathology results) against the BI-RADS classification of images acquired while performing breast ultrasound diagnostic examinations that led to a biopsy and against the result of processing the same images through the AI algorithm KOIOS DS TM (KOIOS). (2) Methods: All results of biopsies performed with ultrasound guidance during 2019 were recovered from the pathology department. Readers selected the image which better represented the BI-RADS classification, confirmed correlation to the biopsied image, and submitted it to the KOIOS AI software. The results of the BI-RADS classification of the diagnostic study performed at our institution were set against the KOIOS classification and both were compared to the pathology reports. (3) Results: 403 cases were included in this study. Pathology rendered 197 malignant and 206 benign reports. Four biopsies on BI-RADS 0 and two images are included. Of fifty BI-RADS 3 cases biopsied, only seven rendered cancers. All but one had a positive or suspicious cytology; all were classified as suspicious by KOIOS. Using KOIOS, 17 B3 biopsies could have been avoided. Of 347 BI-RADS 4, 5, and 6 cases, 190 were malignant (54.7%). Because only KOIOS suspicious and probably malignant categories should be biopsied, 312 biopsies would have resulted in 187 malignant lesions (60%), but 10 cancers would have been missed. (4) Conclusions: KOIOS had a higher ratio of positive biopsies in this selected case study vis-à-vis the BI-RADS 4, 5 and 6 categories. A large number of biopsies in the BI-RADS 3 category could have been avoided.
RESUMO
El tumor de cuerpo carotídeo, que se origina en los quimiorreceptores de dicha estructura, representa hasta el 50% de los paragangliomas de cabeza y cuello. En forma frecuente, constituye un hallazgo incidental (asintomático), aunque en algunos casos los pacientes pueden consultar por una masa indolora, ronquera, paresia lingual y/o disfagia. Sus características imagenológicas permiten una aproximación diagnóstica no invasiva con altos índices de sensibilidad y especificidad, por lo que su conocimiento facilita la conducta clínico-terapéutica. Se presenta un caso clínico que resulta particularmente elocuente para la práctica diaria, ya que la paciente tiene antecedentes quirúrgicos por patología tiroidea maligna, hecho que precisa una aproximación diagnóstica estricta para su correcto seguimiento.
The carotid body tumor, which arises from its chief cells (glomus type 1), is the most common paraganglioma of the head and neck (up to 50%). This tumor is in most cases clinically silent and is detected incidentally at imaging study during evaluation of patients with unrelated symptoms such as painless, slowly growing lateral neck mass, dysphagia, sleep apnea, and paresia or atrophy of the tongue. According to its appearance, precise non-invasive imaging techniques may allow the radiologist to reach the correct diagnosis and treatment. The following case report is particularly useful for daily practice; the patient has surgical history of tiroid neoplasm which requires a thorough diagnosis, in order to determine an accurate follow-up.