Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenols in ultrasound-assisted extracts from salvilla (Buddleja scordioides Kunth).

Salvilla is a widely distributed plant used in treatments against gastrointestinal disorders due to its phenolic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Major yield and quality of bioactive polyphenols must be obtained with no degradation during suitable processes such as Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), which allows an efficient extraction of metabolites at appropriate parameter conditions. Salvilla extractions were made using UAE and aqueous ethanolic solutions. Variables used in UAE were sonication time, wave amplitude and percentage of ethanol in solvent. Extracts were tested for total flavonoids, antioxidant activity (ABTS, FRAP and ORAC) and an identification and quantification of phenolic compounds was carried out by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. Once elected the better extraction conditions, an anti-inflammatory test was performed for this treatment. As a result, total flavonoids content in extracts was 147 to 288 µg catechin equivalents/mg of dry salvilla extract. All extracts have shown good antioxidant activity (86 to 280 mM Trolox eq/mg dry salvilla extract). Flavonoids contents by chromatography were higher than hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids specially the flavone, flavanol and flavanone groups. Treatment T6 (75% ethanol, 30% amplitude and 10 min extraction time) was the best extract in terms of significant flavonols, antioxidant activity, and higher anti-inflammatory potential.

Mechanisms associated to apoptosis of cancer cells by phenolic extracts from two canned common beans varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Two varieties of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Bayo Victoria and Negro 8025, were evaluated to determine the effect on cellular viability and mechanisms involved in apoptosis pathways, using a cellular model with HT-29 cells. Aqueous methanolic (50:50) extracts from cooked beans were analyzed for phenolic composition, identifying greater diversity of phenolic compounds in Bayo Victoria extracts. However, Negro 8025 showed greater phenolic content and cytotoxicity effects at lower media inhibitory concentrations, and greater effectiveness to activate apoptotic pathways. Proteins related to the arrest of cell cycle were modulated by both bean cultivars. Qualitative analysis by HPLC-PAD and HPLC-MS systems of phenolic compounds in common bean extracts showed mainly hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, and monomeric flavan-3-ols. Bioactive phenolics such as catechin, kaempferol, and ferulic acid were found in both cultivars as well anticancer phytochemicals such as quercetin, protocatechuic acid, myricetin, naringenin and their derivatives, and procyanidins. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Polyphenols in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars processed by canning display chemoprotective potential as they activate mechanisms involved in apoptosis pathways. Phenolics in common beans modulate 28 proteins related to apoptotic processes. Therefore, a diet including canned beans (particularly darker varieties) might represent health benefits and cancer-preventive effects.

Actividad antioxidante de extractos de semilla de tres variedades de manzana (Malus domestica Borkh -Rosaceae-) / Antioxidant activity of seed extracts from three apple cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh –Rosaceae-)

The oily (hexane) and aqueous extracts from apple seeds (Malus domestica Borkh –Rosaceae-) cultivars Winter Banana (WB), Winter Permain (WP) and Blanca de Asturias (BA) have shown significant differences in phenolic content and antioxidant activity. BA seed oily extracts and WB seed aqueous extracts have presented the best scavenging capacity of DPPH• radical and inhibition of hydroxyl radicals. In the biological assay apple seed extracts showed protection against low density lipoproteins (LDL) oxidation, which might fight the risk of atherosclerosis. The BA oily seed extract may have potential use as nutraceutical ingredient.

La fracción oleosa (obtenida con hexano) y extractos acuosos de harina de semilla de manzana (Malus domestica Borkh–Rosaceae-) variedades Winter Banana (WB), Winter Permain (WP) y Blanca de Asturias (BA) mostraron diferencias significativas en el contenido de polifenoles independientemente de la variedad. Las diferentes fracciones mostraron capacidad de atrapamiento del radical DPPH• y de inhibición del radical hidroxilo, siendo la fracción oleosa de las semillas de BA la mejor en los dos análisis; en el caso de los extractos acuosos, las semillas de WB presentaron la mejor respuesta. En la evaluación biológica los diferentes extractos mostraron un efecto protector contra la oxidación de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) lo cual puede disminuir el riesgo de ateroesclerosis. La fracción oleosa de semillas de BA mostró mayor potencial como ingrediente nutracéutico.