Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 108
Filtrar
1.
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet ; : e32095, 2024 Jul 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39022906

RESUMO

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) microdeletion syndrome accounts for 5 to 11% of individuals with NF-1. The aim of our study was to characterize a large cohort of individuals with NF-1 microdeletion syndrome and expand its natural history. We conducted a retrospective chart review from 1994 to 2024 of individuals with NF-1 microdeletion syndrome followed at two large Neurofibromatosis Clinics. This cohort consists of 57 individuals with NF-1 microdeletion syndrome (28 type-1, 4 type-2, 2 type-3, 9 atypical deletions, and 14 indeterminate). We note 38/56 (67.9%) with describable facial features, 25/57 (43.8%) with plexiform neurofibromas, and 3/57 (5.2%) with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors within the observed period. The most reported neurodevelopmental manifestations from school-age or older individuals included 39/49 (79.6%) with developmental delays, 35/49 (71.4%) with expressive and/or receptive speech delays, 33/41 (80.5%) with learning difficulties, and 23/42 (54.8%) with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Full-scale IQ testing data was available for 22 individuals (range: 50-96). Of the 21 adults in this cohort, 14/21 (66.7%) graduated from high school, and 4/21 (19.0%) had some college experience. Many individuals received academic support (i.e., special education, individual education plan). In this cohort, neurocognitive outcomes in adults varied more than typically reported in the literature.

2.
Am J Hum Genet ; 108(5): 857-873, 2021 05 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33961779

RESUMO

The ALF transcription factor paralogs, AFF1, AFF2, AFF3, and AFF4, are components of the transcriptional super elongation complex that regulates expression of genes involved in neurogenesis and development. We describe an autosomal dominant disorder associated with de novo missense variants in the degron of AFF3, a nine amino acid sequence important for its binding to ubiquitin ligase, or with de novo deletions of this region. The sixteen affected individuals we identified, along with two previously reported individuals, present with a recognizable pattern of anomalies, which we named KINSSHIP syndrome (KI for horseshoe kidney, NS for Nievergelt/Savarirayan type of mesomelic dysplasia, S for seizures, H for hypertrichosis, I for intellectual disability, and P for pulmonary involvement), partially overlapping the AFF4-associated CHOPS syndrome. Whereas homozygous Aff3 knockout mice display skeletal anomalies, kidney defects, brain malformations, and neurological anomalies, knockin animals modeling one of the microdeletions and the most common of the missense variants identified in affected individuals presented with lower mesomelic limb deformities like KINSSHIP-affected individuals and early lethality, respectively. Overexpression of AFF3 in zebrafish resulted in body axis anomalies, providing some support for the pathological effect of increased amount of AFF3. The only partial phenotypic overlap of AFF3- and AFF4-associated syndromes and the previously published transcriptome analyses of ALF transcription factors suggest that these factors are not redundant and each contributes uniquely to proper development.


Assuntos
Encefalopatias/genética , Epilepsia/genética , Rim Fundido/genética , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Osteocondrodisplasias/genética , Adolescente , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Encefalopatias/etiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epilepsia/complicações , Evolução Molecular , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Proteínas Nucleares/química , Proteínas Nucleares/deficiência , Fenótipo , Estabilidade Proteica , Síndrome , Fatores de Elongação da Transcrição/química , Fatores de Elongação da Transcrição/genética , Adulto Jovem , Peixe-Zebra/genética
3.
Mol Genet Metab ; 141(1): 107736, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38000346

RESUMO

Glucosylsphingosine (lyso-GL1) is a biomarker used to monitor disease and treatment response in Gaucher disease. Data from adults show that higher values of lyso-GL1 are associated with increased disease progression, however similar data in the pediatric population is lacking. In a cohort of pediatric patients, we present a relationship between lyso-GL1 value and Gaucher type, age, and treatment response. Data from this study may serve as a reference for providers monitoring children with Gaucher disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Gaucher , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , Doença de Gaucher/tratamento farmacológico , Psicosina , Biomarcadores , Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas
4.
Am J Med Genet A ; 194(9): e63659, 2024 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38722054

RESUMO

Propionic acidemia is a metabolic condition with multiple serious acute and chronic presentations that require strict monitoring. Literature on liver function abnormalities in propionic acidemia is scarce, and the mechanism of liver impairment in this condition remains unclear. Currently, there is no indication for liver-function tests during follow-up and their clinical or prognostic utility is unknown. This study aimed to determine aminotransferase trends in individuals with propionic acidemia at a single institution. We retrospectively evaluated and classified the aminotransferases of 12 patients with propionic acidemia during hospital admissions and routine office visits. The present findings suggest that aminotransferase elevations are very common in this population and can persist beyond acute illness. During hospitalization events, aminotransferases were not a predictor of severity, duration of stay, and readmission within 1 month. Understanding aminotransferase trends in these patients will help clinicians make decisions in the acute setting and potentially in the follow-up of new therapies.


Assuntos
Acidemia Propiônica , Humanos , Acidemia Propiônica/genética , Acidemia Propiônica/diagnóstico , Feminino , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Lactente , Adolescente , Transaminases/genética , Transaminases/sangue , Testes de Função Hepática , Hospitalização , Fígado/patologia
5.
Am J Hematol ; 99(8): 1500-1510, 2024 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38686876

RESUMO

Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) is known for phenotypic heterogeneity and varied natural history. Registrational clinical trials enrolled narrowly defined phenotypes, but greater diversity is encountered in clinical practice. We report real-world outcomes with long-term eliglustat treatment in adults with GD1 in the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry. Among 5985 GD1 patients in the Registry as of January 6, 2023, 872 started eliglustat at ≥18 years old; of these, 469 met inclusion criteria. We compared clinical parameters at eliglustat initiation (i.e., baseline) and follow-up in treatment-naïve patients and used linear mixed models to estimate annual change from baseline in parameters among patients who switched to eliglustat after ≥1 year on enzyme replacement therapy. Over 4 years of follow-up in non-splenectomized treatment-naïve patients, hemoglobin and platelet count increased, liver and spleen volume decreased, and total lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score decreased slightly. Among non-splenectomized switch patients, on average, hemoglobin decreased -0.030 (95% CI: -0.053, -0.008) g/dL (N = 272) and platelet count increased 2.229 (95% CI: 0.751, 3.706) × 103/mm3 (N = 262) annually up to 10 years; liver volume decreased (-0.009 [95% CI: -0.015, -0.003] MN) (N = 102) and spleen volume remained stable (-0.070 [95% CI: -0.150, 0.010] MN) (N = 106) annually up to 7 years; and total lumbar spine BMD Z-score increased 0.041 (95% CI: 0.015, 0.066) (N = 183) annually up to 8 years. Among splenectomized switch patients, clinical parameters were stable over time. These long-term, real-world outcomes are consistent with the eliglustat clinical trials and emerging real-world experience across the GD phenotypic spectrum.


Assuntos
Doença de Gaucher , Pirrolidinas , Sistema de Registros , Humanos , Doença de Gaucher/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pirrolidinas/uso terapêutico , Pirrolidinas/administração & dosagem , Pirrolidinas/efeitos adversos , Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas , Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Resultado do Tratamento , Baço/patologia , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Idoso , Inibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapêutico , Inibidores Enzimáticos/administração & dosagem , Hemoglobinas/análise , Fígado/patologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Contagem de Plaquetas
6.
Genet Med ; 25(2): 100329, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36469032

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Most patients with Gaucher disease have progressive and often disabling skeletal manifestations. We examined the long-term effect of eliglustat treatment on bone outcomes in clinical trials in adults with Gaucher disease type 1. METHODS: Data from 4 completed phase 2 and 3 trials were evaluated in treatment-naïve patients or patients switching to eliglustat from enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). RESULTS: Overall, 319 of 393 (81%) eliglustat-treated patients remained in their trials until completion or commercial eliglustat became available. Mean eliglustat treatment duration ranged from 3.3 to 6.5 years. In treatment-naïve patients and ERT-switch patients, frequency and severity of bone pain decreased during eliglustat treatment. Mean lumbar spine T-scores shifted from abnormal to normal in treatment-naïve patients and remained in the healthy reference range or improved modestly in ERT-switch patients. Mean total bone marrow burden score shifted from marked-to-severe to moderate in treatment-naïve patients and remained moderate in ERT-switch patients. MIP-1ß (marker of active bone disease) was elevated at baseline and decreased to the healthy reference range in treatment-naïve patients and remained in the healthy reference range among ERT-switch patients. CONCLUSION: These findings confirm the long-term efficacy of eliglustat on skeletal complications of Gaucher disease in treatment-naïve and ERT-switch patients.


Assuntos
Doença de Gaucher , Adulto , Humanos , Doença de Gaucher/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapêutico , Pirrolidinas/uso terapêutico , Pirrolidinas/efeitos adversos , Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas , Glucosilceramidase/uso terapêutico
7.
N Engl J Med ; 381(1): 25-35, 2019 07 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31269546

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder that inhibits endochondral ossification, resulting in disproportionate short stature and clinically significant medical complications. Vosoritide is a biologic analogue of C-type natriuretic peptide, a potent stimulator of endochondral ossification. METHODS: In a multinational, phase 2, dose-finding study and extension study, we evaluated the safety and side-effect profile of vosoritide in children (5 to 14 years of age) with achondroplasia. A total of 35 children were enrolled in four sequential cohorts to receive vosoritide at a once-daily subcutaneous dose of 2.5 µg per kilogram of body weight (8 patients in cohort 1), 7.5 µg per kilogram (8 patients in cohort 2), 15.0 µg per kilogram (10 patients in cohort 3), or 30.0 µg per kilogram (9 patients in cohort 4). After 6 months, the dose in cohort 1 was increased to 7.5 µg per kilogram and then to 15.0 µg per kilogram, and in cohort 2, the dose was increased to 15.0 µg per kilogram; the patients in cohorts 3 and 4 continued to receive their initial doses. At the time of data cutoff, the 24-month dose-finding study had been completed, and 30 patients had been enrolled in an ongoing long-term extension study; the median duration of follow-up across both studies was 42 months. RESULTS: During the treatment periods in the dose-finding and extension studies, adverse events occurred in 35 of 35 patients (100%), and serious adverse events occurred in 4 of 35 patients (11%). Therapy was discontinued in 6 patients (in 1 because of an adverse event). During the first 6 months of treatment, a dose-dependent increase in the annualized growth velocity was observed with vosoritide up to a dose of 15.0 µg per kilogram, and a sustained increase in the annualized growth velocity was observed at doses of 15.0 and 30.0 µg per kilogram for up to 42 months. CONCLUSIONS: In children with achondroplasia, once-daily subcutaneous administration of vosoritide was associated with a side-effect profile that appeared generally mild. Treatment resulted in a sustained increase in the annualized growth velocity for up to 42 months. (Funded by BioMarin Pharmaceutical; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01603095, NCT02055157, and NCT02724228.).


Assuntos
Acondroplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Crescimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/análogos & derivados , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Acondroplasia/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/análise , Estatura/efeitos dos fármacos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Colágeno/sangue , GMP Cíclico/urina , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Gráficos de Crescimento , Humanos , Injeções Subcutâneas , Masculino , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/administração & dosagem , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/efeitos adversos , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/uso terapêutico
8.
Genet Med ; 24(12): 2444-2452, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36107167

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to collect baseline growth parameters in children with achondroplasia who might enroll in interventional trials of vosoritide, and to establish a historical control. METHODS: In this prospective, observational study, participants (≤17 years) underwent a detailed medical history and physical examination and were followed every 3 months until they finished participating in the study by enrolling in an interventional trial or withdrawing. RESULTS: A total of 363 children were enrolled (28 centers, 8 countries). Mean (SD) follow up was 20.4 (15.0) months. In participants <1 year, mean annualized growth velocity (AGV) was 11.6 cm/year for girls and 14.6 cm/year for boys. By age 1 year, mean AGV decreased to 7.4 cm/year in girls and 7.1 cm/year in boys. By age 10 years, mean AGV decreased to 3.6 cm/year for both sexes. Mean height z-score in participants <1 year was -2.5 for girls and -3.2 for boys and decreased up to the age 5 years (-5.3 for girls; -4.6 for boys). Girls and boys had a disproportionate upper-to-lower body segment ratio. Mean ratio was highest in participants aged <1 year (2.9 for girls; 2.8 for boys) and decreased gradually to approximately 2 in both sexes from 4 years of age onward. CONCLUSION: This study represents one of the largest datasets of prospectively collected medical and longitudinal growth data in children with achondroplasia. It serves as a robust historical control to measure therapeutic interventions against and to further delineate the natural history of this condition.


Assuntos
Acondroplasia , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Prospectivos , Acondroplasia/epidemiologia , Acondroplasia/genética , Acondroplasia/diagnóstico , Estatura
9.
Lancet ; 396(10252): 684-692, 2020 09 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32891212

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There are no effective therapies for achondroplasia. An open-label study suggested that vosoritide administration might increase growth velocity in children with achondroplasia. This phase 3 trial was designed to further assess these preliminary findings. METHODS: This randomised, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial compared once-daily subcutaneous administration of vosoritide with placebo in children with achondroplasia. The trial was done in hospitals at 24 sites in seven countries (Australia, Germany, Japan, Spain, Turkey, the USA, and the UK). Eligible patients had a clinical diagnosis of achondroplasia, were ambulatory, had participated for 6 months in a baseline growth study and were aged 5 to less than 18 years at enrolment. Randomisation was done by means of a voice or web-response system, stratified according to sex and Tanner stage. Participants, investigators, and trial sponsor were masked to group assignment. Participants received either vosoritide 15·0 µg/kg or placebo, as allocated, for the duration of the 52-week treatment period administered by daily subcutaneous injections in their homes by trained caregivers. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in mean annualised growth velocity at 52 weeks in treated patients as compared with controls. All randomly assigned patients were included in the efficacy analyses (n=121). All patients who received one dose of vosoritide or placebo (n=121) were included in the safety analyses. The trial is complete and is registered, with EudraCT, number, 2015-003836-11. FINDINGS: All participants were recruited from Dec 12, 2016, to Nov 7, 2018, with 60 assigned to receive vosoritide and 61 to receive placebo. Of 124 patients screened for eligibility, 121 patients were randomly assigned, and 119 patients completed the 52-week trial. The adjusted mean difference in annualised growth velocity between patients in the vosoritide group and placebo group was 1·57 cm/year in favour of vosoritide (95% CI [1·22-1·93]; two-sided p<0·0001). A total of 119 patients had at least one adverse event; vosoritide group, 59 (98%), and placebo group, 60 (98%). None of the serious adverse events were considered to be treatment related and no deaths occurred. INTERPRETATION: Vosoritide is an effective treatment to increase growth in children with achondroplasia. It is not known whether final adult height will be increased, or what the harms of long-term therapy might be. FUNDING: BioMarin Pharmaceutical.


Assuntos
Acondroplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/análogos & derivados , Osteogênese , Absorciometria de Fóton , Acondroplasia/sangue , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estatura , Densidade Óssea , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Colágeno Tipo X/sangue , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Reação no Local da Injeção , Injeções Subcutâneas , Masculino , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/uso terapêutico
10.
Genet Med ; 23(12): 2443-2447, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34341520

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Achondroplasia is caused by pathogenic variants in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene that lead to impaired endochondral ossification. Vosoritide, an analog of C-type natriuretic peptide, stimulates endochondral bone growth and is in development for the treatment of achondroplasia. This phase 3 extension study was conducted to document the efficacy and safety of continuous, daily vosoritide treatment in children with achondroplasia, and the two-year results are reported. METHODS: After completing at least six months of a baseline observational growth study, and 52 weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, participants were eligible to continue treatment in an open-label extension study, where all participants received vosoritide at a dose of 15.0 µg/kg/day. RESULTS: In children randomized to vosoritide, annualized growth velocity increased from 4.26 cm/year at baseline to 5.39 cm/year at 52 weeks and 5.52 cm/year at week 104. In children who crossed over from placebo to vosoritide in the extension study, annualized growth velocity increased from 3.81 cm/year at week 52 to 5.43 cm/year at week 104. No new adverse effects of vosoritide were detected. CONCLUSION: Vosoritide treatment has safe and persistent growth-promoting effects in children with achondroplasia treated daily for two years.


Assuntos
Acondroplasia , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C , Acondroplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Acondroplasia/genética , Criança , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/análogos & derivados , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento
11.
Mol Genet Metab ; 132(2): 100-111, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33485799

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Alglucerase enzyme replacement therapy was approved for Gaucher disease (GD) in the United States in 1991; imiglucerase in 1994. We report hematologic, visceral, bone pain, bone crisis, height, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI) outcomes in patients treated for 20 (±3) years with subset analyses based on pre-treatment severity, genotype, and age at treatment initiation. METHODS: GD type 1 (GD1) patients in the ICGG Gaucher Registry with complete sets of baseline, 10-year, and 20-year data are included (N = 475). Ten-year and 20-year data are compared to pre-treatment baseline, stratified by splenectomy status. RESULTS: Non-splenectomized patients: Improvements observed at 10 years were maintained at 20 years for most outcomes. Mean changes from baseline at 10 and 20 years, respectively, were: spleen volume: 18.2 multiples of normal (MN) to 5.1 MN and 4.2 MN; liver volume: 1.8 MN to 1.0 MN and 1.0 MN; hemoglobin: 11.4 g/dL to 13.7 g/dL and 13.8 g/dL; platelet count: 91.6 × 109/L to 168.0 × 109/L and 169.1 × 109/L; without bone crisis: 85.0% to 98.2% and 96.5%; without bone pain: 52.5% to 72.0% at 10 years, no significant change at 20 years (58.5%). Splenectomized patients: significant changes were observed in liver volume: 2.3 MN to 1.1 MN and 1.0 MN; hemoglobin: 11.7 g/dL to 13.3 g/dL and 13.4 g/dL; platelet count: 229.1 × 109/L to 288.1 × 109/L and 257.0 × 109/L; without bone crisis: 52.2% to 91.3% and 100%; without bone pain: 16.3% to 30.6% (not significant) and 46.9%. Similar results were found in each of the subset analyses. Patients who start treatment during childhood have normal weight and height in young adulthood. Many treated adult patients are overweight or obese; however, this is consistent with BMI trends observed in the general population. After 1-2 years, the average biweekly imiglucerase dose is ~40 units/kg body weight. CONCLUSION: Imiglucerase is an effective, long-term treatment for GD1. In a long-term observational setting, improvements seen during early treatment years are sustained by continuing treatment for 20 years, except for bone pain in non-splenectomized patients. These results are consistent when analyzed by different patient subsets, including by disease severity.


Assuntos
Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas/efeitos adversos , Doença de Gaucher/tratamento farmacológico , Glucosilceramidase/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Doença de Gaucher/enzimologia , Doença de Gaucher/epidemiologia , Doença de Gaucher/patologia , Glucosilceramidase/efeitos adversos , Hemoglobinas/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Contagem de Plaquetas , Sistema de Registros , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Baço/patologia , Adulto Jovem
12.
Genet Med ; 22(7): 1215-1226, 2020 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32376980

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Somatic variants in tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7) cause meningioma, while germline variants have recently been identified in seven patients with developmental delay and cardiac, facial, and digital anomalies. We aimed to define the clinical and mutational spectrum associated with TRAF7 germline variants in a large series of patients, and to determine the molecular effects of the variants through transcriptomic analysis of patient fibroblasts. METHODS: We performed exome, targeted capture, and Sanger sequencing of patients with undiagnosed developmental disorders, in multiple independent diagnostic or research centers. Phenotypic and mutational comparisons were facilitated through data exchange platforms. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed on RNA from patient- and control-derived fibroblasts. RESULTS: We identified heterozygous missense variants in TRAF7 as the cause of a developmental delay-malformation syndrome in 45 patients. Major features include a recognizable facial gestalt (characterized in particular by blepharophimosis), short neck, pectus carinatum, digital deviations, and patent ductus arteriosus. Almost all variants occur in the WD40 repeats and most are recurrent. Several differentially expressed genes were identified in patient fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: We provide the first large-scale analysis of the clinical and mutational spectrum associated with the TRAF7 developmental syndrome, and we shed light on its molecular etiology through transcriptome studies.


Assuntos
Deficiência Intelectual , Transcriptoma , Exoma , Células Germinativas , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Fenótipo , Transcriptoma/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas Associados a Receptores de Fatores de Necrose Tumoral
13.
Am J Med Genet A ; 182(6): 1460-1465, 2020 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32267060

RESUMO

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are metabolic disorders that affect the glycosylation of proteins and lipids. Since glycosylation affects all organs, CDG show a wide spectrum of phenotypes. We present a patient with microcephaly, dysmorphic facies, congenital heart defect, focal epilepsy, infantile spasms, skeletal dysplasia, and a type 1 serum transferrin isoelectrofocusing due to a novel CDG caused by a homozygous variant in the oligosaccharyltransferase complex noncatalytic subunit (OSTC) gene involved in glycosylation and confirmed by serum transferrin electrophoresis.


Assuntos
Defeitos Congênitos da Glicosilação/genética , Epilepsia/genética , Hexosiltransferases/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Defeitos Congênitos da Glicosilação/complicações , Defeitos Congênitos da Glicosilação/patologia , Epilepsia/complicações , Epilepsia/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mutação/genética , Fenótipo , Transferrina/genética , Sequenciamento do Exoma
14.
Am J Hematol ; 95(9): 1038-1046, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32438452

RESUMO

Eliglustat is a first-line oral therapy for adults with Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) with extensive, intermediate, or poor CYP2D6-metabolizer phenotypes (90% of patients). We report real-world outcomes after 2 years of eliglustat therapy in the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry (NCT00358943). As of January 2019, baseline and 2-year data (±1 year) were available for 231 eliglustat-treated GD1 patients: 19 treatment-naïve (zero splenectomized) and 212 ERT patients who switched to eliglustat (36 splenectomized). Most patients (89%) were from the United States, where eliglustat was first approved. In treatment-naïve patients, mean hemoglobin increased from 12.4 to 13.4 g/dL (P = .004, n = 18), mean platelet count increased from 113 to 156 × 109 /L (P < .001, n = 17); mean spleen volume decreased from 7.4 to 3.5 multiples of normal (MN) (P = .02, n = 7); mean liver volume remained normal (n = 7), and median spine Z-score was unchanged (-1.3 to -1.2, n = 6). In non-splenectomized switch patients, mean hemoglobin remained stable/non-anemic (n = 167); mean platelet count remained stable/normal (n = 165); mean spleen volume decreased from 3.3 to 2.8 MN (P < .001, n = 64); mean liver volume remained normal (n = 63), and median lumbar spine Z-score improved from -0.7 to -0.4 (P = .014, n = 68). In splenectomized switch patients, mean hemoglobin remained stable/non-anemic (n = 31); mean platelet count increased from 297 to 324 × 109 /L (non-significant, n = 29); mean liver volume remained normal (n = 13); median spine Z-score improved from -0.8 to -0.6 (non-significant, n = 11). Median chitotriosidase decreased in all groups (P < .01 for all). These real-world results are consistent with eliglustat clinical trial results demonstrating long-term benefit in treatment-naïve patients and stability in ERT switch patients.


Assuntos
Doença de Gaucher , Pirrolidinas/administração & dosagem , Sistema de Registros , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Doença de Gaucher/sangue , Doença de Gaucher/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Gaucher/patologia , Hexosaminidases/sangue , Humanos , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tamanho do Órgão , Contagem de Plaquetas , Pirrolidinas/efeitos adversos , Baço/metabolismo , Baço/patologia , Esplenectomia
15.
N Engl J Med ; 375(6): 545-55, 2016 Aug 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27509102

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Fabry's disease, an X-linked disorder of lysosomal α-galactosidase deficiency, leads to substrate accumulation in multiple organs. Migalastat, an oral pharmacologic chaperone, stabilizes specific mutant forms of α-galactosidase, increasing enzyme trafficking to lysosomes. METHODS: The initial assay of mutant α-galactosidase forms that we used to categorize 67 patients with Fabry's disease for randomization to 6 months of double-blind migalastat or placebo (stage 1), followed by open-label migalastat from 6 to 12 months (stage 2) plus an additional year, had certain limitations. Before unblinding, a new, validated assay showed that 50 of the 67 participants had mutant α-galactosidase forms suitable for targeting by migalastat. The primary end point was the percentage of patients who had a response (≥50% reduction in the number of globotriaosylceramide inclusions per kidney interstitial capillary) at 6 months. We assessed safety along with disease substrates and renal, cardiovascular, and patient-reported outcomes. RESULTS: The primary end-point analysis, involving patients with mutant α-galactosidase forms that were suitable or not suitable for migalastat therapy, did not show a significant treatment effect: 13 of 32 patients (41%) who received migalastat and 9 of 32 patients (28%) who received placebo had a response at 6 months (P=0.30). Among patients with suitable mutant α-galactosidase who received migalastat for up to 24 months, the annualized changes from baseline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and measured GFR were -0.30±0.66 and -1.51±1.33 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area, respectively. The left-ventricular-mass index decreased significantly from baseline (-7.7 g per square meter; 95% confidence interval [CI], -15.4 to -0.01), particularly when left ventricular hypertrophy was present (-18.6 g per square meter; 95% CI, -38.2 to 1.0). The severity of diarrhea, reflux, and indigestion decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Among all randomly assigned patients (with mutant α-galactosidase forms that were suitable or not suitable for migalastat therapy), the percentage of patients who had a response at 6 months did not differ significantly between the migalastat group and the placebo group. (Funded by Amicus Therapeutics; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00925301 [study AT1001-011] and NCT01458119 [study AT1001-041].).


Assuntos
1-Desoxinojirimicina/análogos & derivados , Doença de Fabry/tratamento farmacológico , Rim/química , Triexosilceramidas/análise , alfa-Galactosidase/antagonistas & inibidores , 1-Desoxinojirimicina/efeitos adversos , 1-Desoxinojirimicina/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Diarreia/etiologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Doença de Fabry/complicações , Feminino , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/tratamento farmacológico , Rim/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Triexosilceramidas/urina , Ultrassonografia , Adulto Jovem , alfa-Galactosidase/genética
16.
Genet Med ; 21(2): 459-463, 2019 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29872110

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To examine results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), polysomnograms (PSG), and patient outcomes in patients with achondroplasia in light of recent screening recommendations for infants with achondroplasia. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 49 patients with achondroplasia followed at our institution between September 1997 and January 2017, including physical exams, MRIs, PSGs (when available), and surgical histories. Appropriate PSG data were available for 39 of these patients. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of 49 patients had cervical cord compression on MRI, and 20 of those patients required surgery. Central apnea was detected in 2/23 patients with cervical cord compression in whom PSG data was available. Physical exam revealed depressed deep-tendon reflexes in two patients with cord compression and one patient without cord compression. Besides hypotonia in some, the neurological exams of these patients were unremarkable. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical cord compression is a common occurrence in infants with achondroplasia and necessitates surgical intervention in some patients. Physical exam and PSG are poor predictors of the presence of cord compression or the need for surgery. All infants with achondroplasia should have MRIs of the craniocervical junction in the first 6 months of life.


Assuntos
Acondroplasia/complicações , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina , Neuroimagem , Compressão da Medula Espinal/etiologia , Acondroplasia/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Prontuários Médicos , Compressão da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico
17.
J Pediatr ; 206: 190-196, 2019 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30413310

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the health-related quality of life of children with neurofibromatosis type 1-related plexiform neurofibromas (pNF) using a battery of patient-reported outcome measures selected based on a conceptual framework derived from input by patients, parents, and clinicians regarding the most important pNF symptoms and concerns. STUDY DESIGN: There were 140 children with pNF ages 8-17 years who completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (including domains anxiety, depressive symptom, psychosocial stress experiences, fatigue, pain interference, meaning and purpose, positive affect, peer relationships, physical function-mobility) and Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders measurement system (stigma) via an online platform. T-scores for each measure were compared with US population norms. RESULTS: Children with pNF reported significantly worse scores than the population norms on 8 of 10 domains. Children with at least 1 family member having a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 and those having pain reported significantly worse symptoms and functioning on all domains. Boys reported significantly worse pain interference, stigma, meaning and purpose, mobility function, and upper extremity function than girls. CONCLUSIONS: Children with pNF experience significantly worse health-related quality of life on all but 1 domain, highlighting the importance of monitoring children's quality of life over time in clinical research and practice. Future research should evaluate the replicability of these findings and evaluate the validity of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System and Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders measurement system in relation to clinical characteristics among children with pNF.


Assuntos
Neurofibroma Plexiforme/complicações , Neurofibroma Plexiforme/psicologia , Neurofibromatose 1/complicações , Neurofibromatose 1/psicologia , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Qualidade de Vida , Adolescente , Sintomas Comportamentais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Autorrelato
18.
J Clin Psychol Med Settings ; 26(3): 259-270, 2019 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30298332

RESUMO

This secondary data analysis qualitatively identified salient concerns reported by individuals with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1)-associated plexiform neurofibromas (pNFs) at different stages of development. Past literature has focused on overall symptomatology, but has not examined nuances in how these symptoms are experienced across developmental phases. Therefore, we aimed to identify commonalities and differences in symptom experiences across age groups to better assist individuals to adjust to symptoms across the lifespan. Thirty-one children, adolescents, and adults (age ≥ 5 years old) and 15 parents participated in semi-structured interviews. Analyses focused on the following symptom categories: pain, social functioning, physical function impact, and stigma. Aspects of pain endorsed by all age groups included localized brief pain on contact with pNF and abnormal sensations; however, only adolescents and adults reported chronic pain and change in pain over time. Social functioning themes of limited activity participation, role limitations, and relationship impact were endorsed by all age groups, but differences emerged across age groups in the types of activity and role limitations, the type of relationship impact, and family planning concerns. All age groups described difficulty with mobility, but only parents reported problems with coordination and physical developmental milestones. While all age groups reported external stigma, internalized stigma was predominately endorsed by adults. While individuals in all age groups described pNF concerns related to pain, social function, physical function, and stigma, specific aspects of these symptoms differed across the developmental continuum. These findings can help assist individuals with pNF better transition to the next developmental phases.


Assuntos
Dor Crônica/etiologia , Dor Crônica/fisiopatologia , Neurofibroma Plexiforme/complicações , Neurofibroma Plexiforme/fisiopatologia , Neurofibromatose 1/complicações , Neurofibromatose 1/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pais , Adulto Jovem
19.
J Am Chem Soc ; 140(18): 5914-5924, 2018 05 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29676907

RESUMO

ß-Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) mutations cause Gaucher's disease and are a high risk factor in Parkinson's disease. The implementation of a small molecule modulator is a strategy to restore proper folding and lysosome delivery of degradation-prone mutant GCase. Here, we present a potent quinazoline modulator, JZ-4109, which stabilizes wild-type and N370S mutant GCase and increases GCase abundance in patient-derived fibroblast cells. We then developed a covalent modification strategy using a lysine targeted inactivator (JZ-5029) for in vitro mechanistic studies. By using native top-down mass spectrometry, we located two potentially covalently modified lysines. We obtained the first crystal structure, at 2.2 Å resolution, of a GCase with a noniminosugar modulator covalently bound, and were able to identify the exact lysine residue modified (Lys346) and reveal an allosteric binding site. GCase dimerization was induced by our modulator binding, which was observed by native mass spectrometry, its crystal structure, and size exclusion chromatography with a multiangle light scattering detector. Finally, the dimer form was confirmed by negative staining transmission electron microscopy studies. Our newly discovered allosteric site and observed GCase dimerization provide a new mechanistic insight into GCase and its noniminosugar modulators and facilitate the rational design of novel GCase modulators for Gaucher's disease and Parkinson's disease.


Assuntos
Sítio Alostérico , Glucosilceramidase/química , Glucosilceramidase/metabolismo , Multimerização Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Sítio Alostérico/efeitos dos fármacos , Cristalografia por Raios X , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Glucosilceramidase/genética , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Espectrometria de Massas , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Mutação
20.
Mol Genet Metab ; 123(3): 347-356, 2018 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29358012

RESUMO

Eliglustat is a first-line oral therapy for adults with Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) with compatible CYP2D6-metabolizer phenotypes (>90% of patients). The randomized, double-blind EDGE trial (NCT01074944, Sanofi Genzyme) evaluated once-daily eliglustat dosing compared with the approved twice-daily regimen at the same total daily dose in adults with GD1. Subjects received twice-daily dosing during a 6- to 18-month lead-in period. Only subjects who attained prespecified treatment goals for hemoglobin, platelet count, spleen and liver volumes, and bone symptoms during the lead-in period were randomized to once- or twice-daily dosing. Of 170 enrolled patients, 156 completed the lead-in period and 131 met all requirements to enter the double-blind treatment period. To achieve the composite primary endpoint in the double-blind period, patients had to maintain clinical stability relative to baseline on all five endpoints (hemoglobin, platelet count, spleen and liver volumes, and bone symptoms) and meet pharmacokinetic and other tolerability requirements as determined by the investigator after 1year of eliglustat treatment. After 1year, 80.4% (95% CI: 67.6, 89.8) of once-daily patients were stable compared with 83.1% (95% CI: 71.0, 91.6) of twice-daily patients. The 95% CI for the mean difference of -2.7% between groups was -17.7, 11.9. Because the lower bound of the CI exceeded the pre-defined non-inferiority margin of -15%, once-daily dosing could not be declared non-inferior to twice-daily dosing. Both once-daily and twice-daily patients maintained mean values for hematologic and visceral measures within established therapeutic goals during the double-blind treatment and long-term extension periods. Eliglustat was generally well-tolerated during this long-term trial (mean treatment duration: 3.3years), with just four withdrawals (2%) for related adverse events (AE), and similar AE profiles for both dosing regimens. Patients on twice-daily eliglustat showed more stability overall, and this dose regimen was better tolerated, confirming the dosing regimen for most patients specified in the drug label.


Assuntos
Inibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapêutico , Doença de Gaucher/tratamento farmacológico , Pirrolidinas/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Doença de Gaucher/sangue , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Contagem de Plaquetas , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Baço/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA