Impact of community structure on the spread of epidemics on time-varying multiplex networks.

Community structure plays a crucial role in realistic networks and different communities can be created by groups of interest and activity events, and exploring the impact of community properties on collective dynamics is an active topic in the field of network science. Here, we propose a new coupled model with different time scales for online social networks and offline epidemic spreading networks, in which community structure is added into online social networks to investigate its role in the interacting dynamics between information diffusion and epidemic spreading. We obtain the analytical equations of epidemic threshold by MMC (Microscopic Markov Chain) method and conduct a large quantities of numerical simulations using Monte Carlo simulations in order to verify the accuracy of the MMC method, and more valuable insights are also obtained. The results indicate that an increase in the probability of the mobility of an individual can delay the spread of epidemic-related information in the network, as well as delaying the time of the peak of the infection density in the network. However, an increase in the contact ability of mobile individuals produces a facilitating effect on the spread of epidemics. Finally, it is also found that the stronger the acceptance of an individual to information coming from a different community, the lower the infection density in the network, which suggests that it has an inhibitory effect on the disease spreading.

Performance and Mechanism of the Modified Group Regulated the MIL-101(Fe) Type Fenton-like Catalysts.

In order to avoid the disadvantages of the Fenton process in wastewater treatment and reduce the cost of wastewater treatment, a series of MIL-101(Fe)-X (X = -OH, -NH2, -NO2, -H) solid Fenton catalysts were successfully prepared. The performance of these Fenton-like catalysts was studied with the Fenton experiment as a reference and methylene blue (MB) as an organic pollutant. The effects of the H2O2 concentration, catalyst dosage, and reaction pH on catalytic performance were systematically studied. The research had shown that the optimal concentration of H2O2 for catalytic reactions was 0.10 mmol/L and the pH was 3. At this point, their catalytic degradation MB performance was superior to the Fenton reaction and photocatalytic reaction. When the H2O2 participated in the reaction, the performance of MIL-101(Fe)-X (X = -OH, -NH2, -NO2, -H) in catalyzing the degradation of MB followed the rule of -OH > -NH2 > -NO2 > -H. This was due to the synergistic effect of Fenton-like catalysis and photocatalytic degradation in the catalytic degradation of MB. In addition, the electron paramagnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed that the hydroxyl radical (·OH) generated during the catalytic process first underwent a redox reaction with the highly electronegative functional groups in the MB molecule, and finally oxidized it to CO2 and H2O. This study successfully prepared commercially applicable Fenton-like catalysts and explored their optimal reaction conditions. This provides a technical reference for wastewater treatment.

New group IIIA metal phosphate-oxalates containing dimethylammonium cations with proton conductivity.

Three new group IIIA metal phosphate-oxalate (MPO) compounds, namely [(CH3)2NH2]2[M2(HPO4)2(H2PO4)2(C2O4)] (M = Al (1), Ga (2)) and [(CH3)2NH2]2[In2(HPO4)2(H2PO4)2(C2O4)]·H2O (3), have been synthesized. Their crystal structures feature an anionic layer with the sql topology net. In particular, 1 displays a proton conductivity (σ) of 9.09 × 10-3 S cm-1 at 85 °C and under 98% relative humidity, which is the highest among MPOs. This study not only endows the main group metal-based MPO family with new members, but also contributes to further understanding of the structure-directing roles of amines and provides a feasible idea for improving the proton conductivity of MPOs.

All-in-one treatment: Capture and immobilization of 137Cs by ultra-stable inorganic solid acid materials HMMoO6·nH2O (M = Ta, Nb).

Capture and immobilization of 137Cs is urgent for radioactive contamination remediation and spent fuel treatment. Herein, an effective all-in-one treatment method to simultaneously adsorb and immobilize Cs+ without high-temperature treatment is proposed. According to the strategy of incorporating high-valency metal ions into molybdates to increase the material stability and affinity towards radionuclides, layered HMMoO6·nH2O (M = Ta (1), Nb (2)) are prepared. Both materials exhibit excellent acid resistance (even 15 mol/L HNO3). They maintain remarkable adsorption capacity for Cs+ in 1 mol/L HNO3 solutions and can selectively capture Cs+ under excessive competitive ions. Furthermore, they show successful cleanup for actual 137Cs-liquid-wastes generated during industrial production. In particular, adsorbed Cs+ can be firmly immobilized in interlayer spaces of materials due to the highly stable anionic framework. The removal mechanism is attributed to ion exchange between Cs+ and interlayer H+ by multiple characterizations. Study of the structure-function relationship shows that the occurrence of Cs+ ion exchange is closely related to plate-like layered structure. This work develops an efficient all-in-one treatment method for capturing and immobilizing radiocesium by ultra-stable inorganic solid acid materials with low energy consumption and high safety for radionuclide remediation.

(C6H15N3)1.3(NH4)1.5H1.5In3SnS8: a layered metal sulfide based on supertetrahedral T2 clusters with photoelectric response and ion exchange properties.

A new layered metal sulfide, namely (C6H15N3)1.3(NH4)1.5H1.5In3SnS8 (1, C6H15N3 = N-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine), has been solvothermally synthesized and characterized. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c. Its structure features a two-dimensional layer of {In3SnS8}n3n- with the (4,4) topology net, which is formed by interlinking supertetrahedral T2 clusters as secondary building units. Band structure calculations revealed that 1 had a band gap of 2.7 eV. The photoelectric response of 1 showed steady and reversible on/off cycles with an "on" state of 121.13 nA cm-2. Moreover, the activation of 1 by replacing the sluggish organic cations with harder K+ ions endowed the material with improved adsorption performances for Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions.

"Ion-imprinting" strategy towards metal sulfide scavenger enables the highly selective capture of radiocesium.

Highly selective capture of radiocesium is an urgent need for environmental radioactive contamination remediation and spent fuel disposal. Herein, a strategy is proposed for construction of "inorganic ion-imprinted adsorbents" with ion recognition-separation capabilities, and a metal sulfide Cs2.33Ga2.33Sn1.67S8·H2O (FJSM-CGTS) with "imprinting effect" on Cs+ is prepared. We show that the K+ activation product of FJSM-CGTS, Cs0.51K1.82Ga2.33Sn1.67S8·H2O (FJMS-KCGTS), can reach adsorption equilibrium for Cs+ within 5 min, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 246.65 mg·g-1. FJMS-KCGTS overcomes the hindrance of Cs+ adsorption by competing ions and realizes highly selective capture of Cs+ in complex environments. It shows successful cleanup for actual 137Cs-liquid-wastes generated during industrial production with removal rates of over 99%. Ion-exchange column filled with FJMS-KCGTS can efficiently treat 540 mL Cs+-containing solutions (31.995 mg·L-1) and generates only 0.12 mL of solid waste, which enables waste solution volume reduction. Single-crystal structural analysis and density functional theory calculations are used to visualize the "ion-imprinting" process and confirm that the "imprinting effect" originates from the spatially confined effect of the framework. This work clearly reveals radiocesium capture mechanism and structure-function relationships that could inspire the development of efficient inorganic adsorbents for selective recognition and separation of key radionuclides.