Mechanism of miR-7 mediating TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB inflammatory pathway in colorectal cancer.

This study is aimed at investigating the roles of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and microRNA-7 (miR-7) in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. We assessed TLR4 and miR-7 expression in CRC cells and tissues using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The relationship between miR-7 and TLR4 was analyzed through dual luciferase reporter assays. MTT, wound healing, and cell invasion assays were conducted to examine the effects of TLR4 and miR-7 on CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Western blotting was used to explore the involvement of the TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway. miR-7 was underexpressed in CRC, while TLR4 levels were increased. miR-7 negatively regulated TLR4 expression and its knockdown enhanced CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. TLR4 knockdown had the opposite effects. The TRAF6/NF-κB pathway was linked to TLR4's role in tumor progression. miR-7 might inhibit TRAF6/NF-κB target a signaling pathway of TLR4 and promote CRC occurrence. miR-7 may therefore be used as a sensitive biomarker in CRC patients.

Precisely Designed Ultra-Small CoP Nanoparticles-decorated Hollow Carbon Nanospheres as Highly Efficient Host in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Designing porous carbon materials with metal phosphides as host materials holds promise for enhancing the cyclability and durability of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries by mitigating sulfur poisoning and exhibiting high electrocatalytic activity. Nevertheless, it is urgent to precisely control the size of metal phosphides to further optimize the polysulfide conversion reaction kinetics of Li-S batteries. Herein, a subtlety regulation strategy was proposed to obtain ultra-small CoP nanoparticles-decorated hollow carbon nanospheres (CoP@C) by using spherical polyelectrolyte brush (SPB) as the template with stabilizing assistance from polydopamine coating, which also works as carbon source. Leveraging the electrostatic interaction between SPB and Co2+, ultra-small Co particles with sizes measuring 5.5 ± 2.6 nm were endowed after calcination. Subsequently, through a gas-solid phosphating process, these Co particles were converted into CoP nanoparticles with significantly finer sizes (7.1 ± 3.1 nm) compared to state-of-the-art approaches. By uniformly distributing the electrocatalyst nanoparticles on hollow carbon nanospheres, CoP@C facilitated the acceleration of Li ion diffusion and enhanced the conversion reaction kinetics of polysulfides through adsorption-diffusion synergy. As a result, Li-S batteries utilizing the CoP@C/S cathode demonstrated an initial specific discharge capacity of 850.0 mAh g-1 at 1.0 C, with a low-capacity decay rate of 0.03% per cycle.

Tandem Sulfonylative Annulation/Halogenation of 1,7-Enynes with Sodium Sulfinate and TBAX for the Assembly of 4-Methylenechromanes.

An effective and stereoselective synthesis of halogenated (E)-4-methylenechromanes with a sulfonyl group was developed via the copper-catalyzed sulfonylative annulation/halogenation of 1,7-enynes, in which sodium sulfinates were used as the sulfonyl reagents and tetrabutylammonium halide provided the halogen sources. The formed alkenyl C-X bonds were valuable and can efficiently undergo the subsequent hydrolysis, alkenylation, alkynylation, arylation, alkylthiolation, and alkoxylation to furnish a series of highly functionalized 4-methylenechromanes.

Identification of the first selective bioluminescent probe for real-time monitoring of carboxylesterase 2 in vitro and in vivo.

Carboxylesterase (CES), a main hydrolysis enzyme family in the human body, plays a crucial role in drug metabolism. Among them, CES1 and CES2 are the primary subtypes, and each exhibits distinct distribution and functions. However, convenient and non-invasive methods for distinguishing them and the real-time monitoring of CES2 are relatively rare, hindering the further understanding of physiological functions and underlying mechanisms. In this study, we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated the first selective bioluminescent probe (CBP 1) for CES2 with high sensitivity, high specificity and rapid reactivity. This probe offers a promising approach for the real-time detection of CES2 and its dynamic fluctuations both in vitro and in vivo.

Large-scale preparation of CsPbBr3perovskite quantum dot/EVA composite adhesive film by melting for crystal silicon solar cell.

Silicon solar cell is the most mature photovoltaic conversion device, and in order to further improve the performance of the device, application of downshifting films has become a research hotspot. In this paper, CsPbBr3perovskite quantum dot/EVA composite adhesive film was prepared by melting method with CsPbBr3perovskite quantum dot film under solution processing as masterbatch and EVA particles as excipient. The effect of synthesis conditions on the luminescence properties of the composite films were thoroughly studied. The optimized CsPbBr3perovskite quantum dot/EVA composite adhesive film has excellent performance, and its light transmission reaches 85%. The CsPbBr3perovskite quantum dot/EVA composite adhesive film absolutely improves the efficiency of silicon solar cells by 1.08%, which is much higher than that of pure EVA adhesive film (0.63%). In addition, the device efficiencies have almost no change after 30 d in the air, maintaining the working stability of the device and contributing to industrial applications. This study provides a novel, industrial and low-cost synthesis route for the synthesis of CsPbBr3perovskite quantum dot/EVA composite adhesive film, which is expected to have broad application.

Significance Analysis of the Improvement in Postoperative Recovery of Cardiac Surgery Patients Based on the Graded Management Established Using the Delirium Prediction Model.

Objective: To investigate the impact of graded management based on delirium prediction modeling on the improvement of recovery of cardiac surgery patients. Methods: Three hundred and twenty patients admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Nanjing Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University from June 2021 to December 2023 after Type A aortic coarctation were selected as study subjects. They were grouped according to the randomized scale method and divided into 160 cases in each the control group and the observation group. In the control group, conventional nursing measures were adopted, and in the observation group, graded nursing interventions were carried out according to the established delirium risk prediction model. Comparison between the two groups in terms of the intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring time, hospitalization time, duration of delirium, and delirium incidence, and investigated nursing satisfaction, and quality of care scores. Results: Compared with the control group, the observation group's ICU custody time, hospitalization time, and delirium duration, decreased, and the quality of care, and satisfaction increased (P < .05). At the same time, the incidence of delirium in the observation group was also lower than that in the control group (P < .05). Conclusion: The graded management based on the delirium prediction model can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium in critically ill patients with Type A aortic coarctation, and at the same time improve patient satisfaction and quality of care.

Spatial and temporal variations of ecosystem water use efficiency and its response to soil moisture drought in a water-limited watershed of northern China.

Drought synchronously affects the water cycle and interferes with the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE), serving as a vital metric for assessing the interplay between water and carbon cycles, has found extensively use in exploring how ecosystems responses to drought. However, the effects of soil moisture drought on WUE are still poorly recognized. Taking Ziya River Basin as an example, the spatial-temporal variations of WUE from 2001 to 2020 were estimated by the Penman-Monteith-Leuning Version 2 (PML-V2) data. Based on the Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSI) calculated from Soil Moisture of China by in situ data, version 1.0 (SMCI1.0) data, the sensitivity and thresholds of different vegetation WUE to drought magnitudes were investigated, and the influences of both lagged and cumulative effects of drought on WUE were further analyzed. Results showed that the annual mean WUE was 2.160 ± 0.975 g C kg-1 H2O-1 in the Ziya River Basin, with a significant increasing trend of 0.037 g C kg-1 H2O-1 yr-1 (p < 0.05). For all the vegetation types, the WUE reached the maximum value at a certain drought threshold (SSI = -1.5 ± 0.1). The dominant factor controlling WUE sensitivity to drought changed from evapotranspiration (ET) to gross primary production (GPP) when severe drought transformed into extreme drought. Significant lagged and cumulative effects were found in the response of WUE to drought in nearly 58.64 % (72.94 %) of the study area, with an average time scale of 6.65 and 2.11 months (p < 0.05) respectively. Drought resistance in descending order was: forest > shrub > grassland > cropland. Our findings enrich the understanding of the coupled carbon and water cycle processes in terrestrial ecosystems and their response to soil moisture drought in the context of global climate change.

Mean platelet volume is associated with periodontitis: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: It is uncertain if mean platelet volume and periodontitis are related. The objective of this study was to examine the association between levels of mean platelet volume and moderate/severe periodontitis in adult persons who inhabit the U.S. METHODS: We screened 6,809 people from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2009-2012). Mean platelet volume was measured in the Mobile Examination Centers (MECs) using the Beckman Coulter analyzer. The category of periodontitis was defined by the CDC/AAP using clinical periodontal parameters. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to examine the distribution for covariate differences across the various independent groups. Four models were employed to examine the relationship between mean platelet volume level and periodontitis. Smoothed curve fitting was utilized to confirm the linearity of the relationships. To determine the impact of factors on the connection between MPV and periodontitis, subgroup analysis and interaction testing were utilized. RESULTS: Results from the multiple logistic regression analysis indicate a significant association between moderate/severe periodontitis and the mean platelet level, even after considering any potential confounding variables (OR = 1.090, 95% CI: 1.019-1.166, P-value = 0.01211). Additionally, those in the upper tertile of mean platelet volume levels had a 21.6% higher probability of developing periodontitis when compared with those in the least tertile of mean platelet levels (OR = 1.216, 95% CI:1.052-1.406, P-value = 0.00816). Moreover, it showed a positive correlation between mean platelet volume (MPV) and moderate/severe periodontitis. Subgroup analyses indicated a positive association between the level of mean platelet volume and moderate/severe periodontitis among individuals who were under 60 years of age, had low income, were obese, never smoked, were heavy drinkers, had hypertension, and had no cardiovascular disease (p < 0.05). However, none of the subgroups exhibited significant interactions (p for interaction > 0.05). CONCLUSION: A correlation has been found between mean platelet volume levels and periodontal disease in individuals residing in the United States.

Experiences of maintaining awake prone positioning in non-intubated patients with COVID-19: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Patient compliance is crucial to maintaining the awake prone position, which has been found to be intolerable by several patients. Addressing patients' compliance while being treated with awake prone positioning and prolonging its duration may be prerequisites for further research. AIM: This study was conducted to explore the personal experiences of non-intubated patients during the implementation of awake prone positioning. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a qualitative study recruiting a purposive sample of twelve adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were previously treated with awake prone positioning. They were recruited from an intermediate care unit (that provides pre- and post-intensive care) in a COVID-19-designated hospital in Nanjing, China from July 15, 2021, to September 20, 2021. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews and then analysed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. RESULTS: Content analysis of the interviews revealed two main themes, each containing three and four sub-themes, respectively, as follows: (1) barriers to the implementation of awake prone positioning, including (i) generalised discomfort, (ii) a lack of both understanding and trust, and (iii) low satisfaction with the implementation plan; (2) factors promoting the implementation of awake prone positioning, including (i) health education and supervision, (ii) self-motivation and support from healthcare staff and family members, (iii) finding a comfortable position and having access to entertainment, and (iv) symptom improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare staff should clarify the mechanism underlying the effectiveness of the awake prone position to patients to eliminate any doubts that they may have. Psychological support and appropriate supervision should be emphasised. Pain relief programmes should also be established, including the use of a comfortable prone posture in conjunction with access to entertainment. Finally, individualised awake prone positioning protocols should be formulated according to patients' living habits and attempted in combination with out-of-bed activities. These measures may help to enhance the experience and compliance of patients undergoing the treatment. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: For future instances involving the implementation of awake prone positioning, several measures should be established and implemented alongside it, including a health education programme, supervision programme, support system, and pain relief programme. Personalisation should also be considered during its implementation. These measures may help to enhance the compliance of patients and prolong the duration of the awake prone position.

Oryza sativa PECTIN DEFECTIVE TAPETUM1 affects anther development through a pectin-mediated signaling pathway in rice.

Galacturonosyltransferase (GalAT) is required for the synthesis of pectin, an important component of plant cell walls that is also involved in signal transduction. Here, we describe the rice (Oryza sativa) male-sterile mutant O. sativa pectin-defective tapetum1 (ospdt1), in which GalAT is mutated. The ospdt1 mutant exhibited premature programmed cell death (PCD) of the tapetum and disordered pollen walls, resulting in aborted pollen grains. Pectin distribution in the anther sac was comparable between the mutant and the wild-type, suggesting that the structural pectin was not dramatically affected in ospdt1. Wall-associated kinases are necessary for the signal transduction of pectin, and the intracellular distribution of O. sativa indica WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (OsiWAK1), which binds pectic polysaccharides to its extracellular domain, was affected in ospdt1. OsiWAK1 RNA interference lines exhibited earlier tapetal PCD, similar to ospdt1. Furthermore, overexpression of OsiWAK1 in ospdt1 lines partially rescued the defects observed in ospdt1, suggesting that OsiWAK1 plays pivotal roles in the function of OsPDT1. These results suggest that the mutation of OsPDT1 does not dramatically affect structural pectin but affects components of the pectin-mediated signaling pathway, such as OsiWAK1, and causes male sterility.

Multiple concordant cytonuclear divergences and potential hybrid speciation within a species complex in Asia.

Various environmental factors impact the distribution, population structure, demography and evolutionary trajectory of a bird species, leading to genetic and morphological divergences between populations across its distribution. The Paradoxornis webbianus species complex is found throughout much of East Asia, where its geographically distinct populations exhibit dramatic morphological variation. This has resulted in a hotly debated taxonomy. This study intended to identify genetic divergence patterns and their underlying contributing factors for this species complex. We collected 243 birds, whose data was combined with those available in GenBank to perform phylogeographic analyses using one mitochondrial and six nuclear loci. Six mitochondrial clades were observed in the species complex, while individual-based Bayesian clustering using nuclear markers showed multiple congruent breaks. Overall, the six molecular lineages could be recognized as independent species under the lineage species concept in view of genetic divergence, clade-specific morphological changes and distribution: P. webbianus, P. w. bulomachus, P. alphonsianus, P. a. ganluoensis, P. brunneus brunneus and P. b. ricketti. The estimated divergence times range from 0.46 to 3.36 million years ago, suggesting it was likely impacted by paleoclimatic changes. Interestingly, P. alphonsianus carries two divergent mitochondrial lineages shared with P. webbianus and P. a. ganluoensis, respectively, and analyses based on nuclear loci found a similar pattern. We discussed the various hypotheses for this pattern and argued that P. alphonsianus was likely the result of hybridization between P. webbianus and P. a. ganluoensis. Further data on genome, transcriptome and breeding ecology are needed to address the hypothesis of hybrid speciation and its underlying mechanisms.

Analyzing molecular typing and clinical application of immunogenic cell death-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the most common cancers, characterized by low early detection and high mortality rates, and is a global health challenge. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is defined as a specific type of regulated cell death (RCD) capable of reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment by releasing danger signals that trigger immune responses, which would contribute to immunotherapy. METHODS: The ICD gene sets were collected from the literature. We collected expression data and clinical information from public databases for the HCC samples in our study. Data processing and mapping were performed using R software to analyze the differences in biological characteristics between different subgroups. The expression of the ICD representative gene in clinical specimens was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and the role of the representative gene in HCC was evaluated by various in vitro assays, including qRT-PCR, colony formation, and CCK8 assay. Lasso-Cox regression was used to screen prognosis-related genes, and an ICD-related risk model (ICDRM) was constructed. To improve the clinical value of ICDRM, Nomograms and calibration curves were created to predict survival probabilities. Finally, the critical gene of ICDRM was further investigated through pan-cancer analysis and single-cell analysis. RESULTS: We identified two ICD clusters that differed significantly in terms of survival, biological function, and immune infiltration. As well as assessing the immune microenvironment of tumors in HCC patients, we demonstrate that ICDRM can differentiate ICD clusters and predict the prognosis and effectiveness of therapy. High-risk subpopulations are characterized by high TMB, suppressed immunity, and poor survival and response to immunotherapy, whereas the opposite is true for low-risk subpopulations. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the potential impact of ICDRM on the tumor microenvironment (TME), immune infiltration, and prognosis of HCC patients, but also a potential tool for predicting prognosis.

Exosomal MiR-381 from M2-polarized macrophages attenuates urethral fibroblasts activation through YAP/GLS1-regulated glutaminolysis.

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Post-traumatic urethral stricture is a clinical challenge for both patients and clinicians. Targeting glutamine metabolism to suppress excessive activation of urethral fibroblasts (UFBs) is assumed to be a potent and attractive strategy for preventing urethral scarring and stricture. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS: In cellular experiments, we explored whether glutaminolysis meets the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of quiescent UFBs converted into myofibroblasts. At the same time, we examined the specific effects of M2-polarized macrophages on glutaminolysis and activation of UFBs, as well as the mechanism of intercellular signaling. In addition, findings were further verified in vivo in New Zealand rabbits. RESULTS: It revealed that glutamine deprivation or knockdown of glutaminase 1 (GLS1) significantly inhibited UFB activation, proliferation, biosynthesis, and energy metabolism; however, these effects were rescued by cell-permeable dimethyl α-ketoglutarate. Moreover, we found that exosomal miR-381 derived from M2-polarized macrophages could be ingested by UFBs and inhibited GLS1-dependent glutaminolysis, thereby preventing excessive activation of UFBs. Mechanistically, miR-381 directly targets the 3'UTR of Yes-associated protein (YAP) mRNA to reduce its stability at the transcriptional level, ultimately downregulating expression of YAP, and GLS1. In vivo experiments revealed that treatment with either verteporfin or exosomes derived from M2-polarized macrophages significantly reduced urethral stricture in New Zealand rabbits after urethral trauma. CONCLUSION: Collectively, this study demonstrates that exosomal miR-381 from M2-polarized macrophages reduces myofibroblast formation of UFBs and urethral scarring and stricture by inhibiting YAP/GLS1-dependent glutaminolysis.

Pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence of lenalidomide in multiple myeloma patients.

PURPOSES: The physiological and pathological conditions of individuals could influence the absorption and metabolism of drugs in vivo, so this study assessed the bioequivalence and pharmacokinetics of lenalidomide 25 mg capsules (test formulation) and Revlimid 25 mg capsules (reference formulation) in Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter, open-label, randomized, two-period, crossover trial was established to evaluate a single capsule of test and reference formulations under fasting conditions. Pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed, and adverse events (AEs) were monitored throughout. RESULTS: Overall, 40 patients with MM completed the study. 17 AEs were reported, among which there was 1 serious event during the study. Geometric ratios for the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) (98.50%; 90% confidence interval (CI), 91.89 - 105.60%), area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the last measurable concentration (AUC(0-t)) (94.74%; CI, 92.07 - 97.50%), and AUC from time 0 to infinity (AUC(0-∞)) (95.55%; CI, 93.07 - 98.09%) all met bioequivalence criteria. Statistics of the data of 39 patients after oral administration of lenalidomide (both test and reference formulation) demonstrated that plasma exposure tends to increase with age. CONCLUSION: The two formulations of lenalidomide 25 mg displayed similar pharmacokinetic profiles and were bioequivalent. Age was verified to change the pharmacokinetics of lenalidomide, as increasing age was correlated with higher total exposure.

Prediction of adverse health outcomes using an electronic frailty index among nonfrail and prefrail community elders.

BACKGROUND: Early recognition of older people at risk of undesirable clinical outcomes is vital in preventing future disabling conditions. Here, we report the prognostic performance of an electronic frailty index (eFI) in comparison with traditional tools among nonfrail and prefrail community-dwelling older adults. The study is to investigate the predictive utility of a deficit-accumulation eFI in community elders without overt frailty. METHODS: Participants aged 65-80 years with a Clinical Frailty Scale of 1-3 points were recruited and followed for 2 years. The eFI score and Fried's frailty scale were determined by using a semiautomated platform of self-reported questionnaires and objective measurements which yielded cumulative deficits and physical phenotypes from 80 items of risk variables. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to analyze the severity of frailty in relation to adverse outcomes of falls, emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalizations during 2 years' follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 427 older adults were evaluated and dichotomized by the median FI score. Two hundred and sixty (60.9%) and 167 (39.1%) elders were stratified into the low- (eFI ≤ 0.075) and the high-risk (eFI > 0.075) groups, respectively. During the follow-up, 77 (47.0%) individuals developed adverse events in the high-risk group, compared with 79 (30.5%) in the low-risk group (x2, p = 0.0006). In multivariable models adjusted for age and sex, the increased risk of all three events combined in the high- vs. low-risk group remained significant (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 3.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.87-5.07). For individual adverse event, the aHRs were 2.20 (CI: 1.44-3.36) for falls; 1.67 (CI: 1.03-2.70) for ER visits; and 2.84 (CI: 1.73-4.67) for hospitalizations. Compared with the traditional tools, the eFI stratification (high- vs. low-risk) showed better predictive performance than either CFS rating (managing well vs. fit to very fit; not discriminative in hospitalizations) or Fried's scale (prefrail to frail vs. nonfrail; not discriminative in ER visits). CONCLUSION: The eFI system is a useful frailty tool which effectively predicts the risk of adverse healthcare outcomes in nonfrail and/or prefrail older adults over a period of 2 years.

Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal IgG Lambda deposits caused by plasmablastic lymphoma: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: As a very rare form of B-cell lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) typically occurs in patients with underlying immunosuppression, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), organ transplantation, and autoimmune diseases. For HIV-positive patients, PBL normally originates in the gastrointestinal tract, especially from the oral cavity in most cases. It is extremely rare to find abdominal cavity involvement in PBL, and there has been no previously reported instance of proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID) attributed to monoclonal IgG (MIgG) lambda secreted by PBL. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of an HIV-negative female with nephrotic syndrome, renal insufficiency, and multiple swollen lymph nodes. Ascitic fluid cytology revealed a high level of plasmablast-like lymphocytes with the restriction of lambda light chains. Besides, the renal biopsy revealed PGNMID, which could presumably be secondary to MIgG-lambda-secreting by PBL. MIgG-lambda-restricted expression was discovered earlier in the kidney tissue than in the blood. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic landscape for PBL is notoriously intricate, necessitating a multifaceted and nuanced approach to mitigate the risks of erroneous identification.

Correlation between negative life events and suicide attempts among Yi adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of suicide attempts among adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, as well as the correlation between negative life events, sleep, exercise, drug therapy and suicide attempts. METHODS: A total of 180 Yi adolescents aged 11-19 years with HIV/AIDS in a county of Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China, were investigated by census. The main outcome indicators included the incidence of suicide attempts and whether negative life events, sleep, exercise, drug therapy and other factors were related to suicide attempts. RESULTS: We found that the incidence rate of suicide attempts among Yi adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture was 13.9%. Negative life events were a risk factor for suicide attempts (OR = 1.047, p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.027-1.067). In the factors of negative life events, adaptation was a risk factor for suicide attempts (OR = 1.203, p = 0.026, 95% CI 1.022-1.416), and academic pressure showed a tendency to be a risk factor for suicide attempts (OR = 1.149, p = 0.077, 95% CI 0.985-1.339). However, the punishment factor, interpersonal stress factor and loss factor had no significant correlation with suicide attempts. There was no significant correlation between sleep, exercise, drug therapy and suicide attempts. CONCLUSION: The proportion of suicide attempts among Yi adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture is high and should be considered. Negative life events are independent risk factors for suicide attempts, and it is necessary to strengthen the screening and early intervention for suicide attempts in HIV/AIDS adolescents with definite negative life events.

Correlation between characteristics of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques and ischemic stroke in high-resolution vascular wall MRI.

BACKGROUND: Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is a major cause of ischemic stroke, accounting for 30% of ischemic strokes in Asian populations. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between the degree of arterial stenosis and enhancement grade of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), the plaque characteristics in different remodeling patterns, and its potential impact. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 210 patients diagnosed with ICAD were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into the middle cerebral artery (MCA) group (101 cases), posterior cerebral artery (PCA) group (14 cases), basilar artery (BA) group (71 cases), and intracranial segment of vertebral artery (VA) group (90 cases) according to the difference of diseased vessels. Data on presence or absence of ischemic infarction, intracranial vascular position of lesions, plaque characteristics, ICAD enhancement grade, remodeling index, and degree of arterial stenosis were collected for analysis. RESULTS: The incidence of ischemic infarction in enhancement grade 2 was significantly higher than that in enhancement grade 1 in MCA group (P = 0.019). Enhancement grade 2 of ICAD was an independent risk factor for the development of ischemic infarction (odds ratio = 4.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.91-11.03; P = 0.001). There was no significant statistical difference in infarct rate between different remodeling modalities (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Enhancement grade of ICAD is significantly associated with the degree of stenosis and the occurrence of ischemic stroke, which varies in different intracranial vessels. The pattern of vascular remodeling varies among different intracranial vessels, and the pattern of vascular remodeling has a significant impact on plaque characteristics.

Multimorbidity and prior falls correlate with risk of 30-day hospital readmission in aged 80+: A prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Thirty-day hospital readmission rate significantly raised with advanced age. The performance of existing predictive models for readmission risk remained uncertain in the oldest population. We aimed to examine the effect of geriatric conditions and multimorbidity on readmission risk among older adults aged 80 and over. METHODS: This prospective cohort study enrolled patients aged 80 and older discharged from a geriatric ward at a tertiary hospital, with phone follow-up for 12 months. Demographics, multimorbidity, and geriatric conditions were assessed before hospital discharge. Logistic regression models were conducted to analyse risk factors for 30-day readmission. RESULTS: Patients readmitted had higher Charlson comorbidity index scores, and were more likely to have falls, frailty, and longer hospital stay, compared to those without 30-day readmission. Multivariate analysis revealed that higher Charlson comorbidity index score was associated with readmission risk. Older patients with a fall history within 12 months had a near 4-fold increase in readmission risk. Severe frailty status before index admission was associated with a higher 30-day readmission risk. Functional status at discharge was not associated with readmission risk. CONCLUSION: In addition to multimorbidity, history of falls and frailty were associated with higher hospital readmission risk in the oldest.

Silencing GMPPB Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of GBM via Hippo/MMP3 Pathways.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignancy and represents the most common brain tumor in adults. To better understand its biology for new and effective therapies, we examined the role of GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase B (GMPPB), a key unit of the GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GDP-MP) that catalyzes the formation of GDP-mannose. Impaired GMPPB function will reduce the amount of GDP-mannose available for O-mannosylation. Abnormal O-mannosylation of alpha dystroglycan (α-DG) has been reported to be involved in cancer metastasis and arenavirus entry. Here, we found that GMPPB is highly expressed in a panel of GBM cell lines and clinical samples and that expression of GMPPB is positively correlated with the WHO grade of gliomas. Additionally, expression of GMPPB was negatively correlated with the prognosis of GBM patients. We demonstrate that silencing GMPPB inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo and that overexpression of GMPPB exhibits the opposite effects. Consequently, targeting GMPPB in GBM cells results in impaired GBM tumor growth and invasion. Finally, we identify that the Hippo/MMP3 axis is essential for GMPPB-promoted GBM aggressiveness. These findings indicate that GMPPB represents a potential novel target for GBM treatment.