[Oral health in the family health strategy in a regional management territory of the state of Piaui]. / Saúde bucal na estratégia de saúde da família em um colegiado gestor regional do estado do Piauí

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the professional profile of dental-surgeons (DS) who work in the Family Health Strategy (FHS), and on the basis of this reflect upon aspects of the development of dental actions in primary health care in municipalities of a health region of the state of Piauí (Brazil) The study covered the nineteen municipalities of the region. The sample consisted of 111 dentists and data was collected using a questionnaire from August to December 2008. An Excel Ò database was created for the statistical analysis. The dentists were predominantly female, aged 20-39 years, with one to five years of professional experience. Most of them are specialists in a clinical field of dentistry and make home care visits. However, these visits are infrequent and without a health team and they rarely meet with the health team to compare notes. The results indicate that the problems that were detected are likely to be the same in other regions of the country. The lack of an interdisciplinary professional approach among DS is an issue to be properly addressed when examining the role of dentistry and its potentially unquestionable participation in the family health strategy.

Condição de saúde bucal de idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência em Teresina - PI / The institutionalized elderly patients' oral health condition in long time permanence institutions in Teresina - PI

INTRODUÇÃO: O processo de envelhecimento populacional é crescente em nosso país e representa um desafio tanto à sociedade como aos sistemas de saúde. Diante disso, torna-se necessário o planejamento de políticas públicas voltadas à prevenção e ao controle das doenças bucais tendo em vista que a presença destas patologias afeta diretamente a qualidade de vida do idoso. Neste contexto, é importante que se tenha conhecimento dos dados epidemiológicos deste grupo populacional. OBJETIVO: avaliar a condição de saúde bucal de idosos institucionalizados em Teresina ­ PI. METODOLOGIA: coleta de dados foi realizada em duas instituições de acolhimento ao idoso, localizadas em Teresina-PI, onde foram analisados CPO-D, Índice Periodontal Comunitário (IPC) e uso e/ou necessidade de prótese de 19 idosos, institucionalizados, com idade entre 65-74 anos. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: foi encontrado um elevado índice de CPO-D (29,95), presença de 8,77% dos sextantes com doenças periodontais, altas porcentagens de idosos edêntulos, onde 50% usavam prótese na arcada superior e 23,82% na inferior. Quanto à necessidade do uso de prótese nas arcadas, apresentaram-se os seguintes valores: 52,64% na arcada superior e 84,21% na inferior. Os resultados demonstram que as condições de saúde bucal nos idosos institucionalizados examinados são precárias. CONCLUSÃO: medidas de promoção e recuperação da saúde são necessárias nas instituições públicas e filantrópicas de longa permanência em Teresina-PI (AU)

Introduction: Population aging in our country represents a challenge both for society and healthcare systems. Therefore, it becomes necessary the development of public policies for the prevention and control of oral diseases in the elderly given that the presence of these conditions directly affect the quality of life of that segment of the population. AIM: to evaluate the oral health status of institutionalized elderly in Teresina, State of Piauí. Metodology: Data collection was conducted in two long permanence institutions for the elderly, located in Teresina, Piauí. Thus, 19 institutionalized volunteers, between the ages of 65 and 74 years, had their oral conditions analyzed through the analysis of three indexes: DMF Index, Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and the use or need for dental prosthesis. Results and discussion: It was found a high DMF Index (29.95), a presence of 8.77% of sextants with periodontal disease, high percentages of edentulous ones, in which 50% used prosthesis in the upper arch and 23.82% in the lower arch. The results show that the oral health status in the elderly are not satisfactory. Conclusion: oral health promotion measures are needed in public and philanthropic long-permanence institutions in Teresina, Piauí (AU)

Profilaxia antibiótica no contexto de cirurgias de terceiros molares retidos em pacientes saudáveis: é justificável? / Antibiotic prophylaxis in the context of impacted third molar surgery in health patients: is it justifiable?

Introdução: as cirurgias em terceiros molares retidos são procedimentos frequentes na prática clínica de cirurgiões-dentistas e estão associadas com inúmeras complicações trans e pós-operatórias. Alguns autores recomendam a utilização de antibióticos locais e sistêmicos com o intuito de prevenir essas complicações. Não obstante, a profilaxia antibiótica para extração de terceiros molares é objeto de controvérsias no tocante à sua eficácia com relação a prevenção de complicações pós-cirúrgicas onde evidências científicas acerca de suas vantagens e desvantagens ainda são limitadas. Objetivo: o presente trabalho objetivou buscar na literatura vigente evidências científicas acerca do papel da profilaxia antibiótica para prevenção ou redução de complicações infecciosas pós-operatórias no contexto das cirurgias em terceiros molares retidos em pacientes saudáveis. Método: para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter exploratório bases de dados eletrônicas SciELO, PubMed, EBSCO, EMBASE, LILACS, BIREME e Oviatt Library por artigos publicados em inglês e português nos últimos 5 anos, utilizando como descritores: amoxicilina/amoxicilin, antibioticoprofilaxia/antibiotic treatment, cirurgia odontológica/oral surgery, e dente serotino/third molar. Após o levantamento bibliográfico, procedeu-se com a seleção, tradução, leitura analítica e análise dos dados colhidos. Conclusão: existem controvérsias no tocante ao uso profilático de antibióticos para prevenção de complicações inflamatórias pós-operatórias em se tratando de cirurgia de terceiros molares retidos. No entanto, é possível afirmar com base na literatura vigente que no contexto de pacientes saudáveis, essa prática deve desencorajada.

Introduction: impacted third molar surgeries are common procedures in the clinical practice of dentists and are associated with several trans and postoperative complications. Some authors recommend the use of local and systemic antibiotics in order to prevent post-operative complications. However, antibiotic prophylaxis for third molar extraction is the object of controversy regarding its efficacy to the prevention of post-surgical complications in which scientific evidence about its advantages and disadvantages is still limited. Objective: this study aimed to search, in the current literature, for scientific evidences regarding of the role of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent or to reduce postoperative complications in the context of impacted third molar surgeries in healthy patients. Methods: in order to achieve such purpose, it was carried out an exploratory literature review on the electronic databases SciELO, PubMed, EBSCO, EMBASE, LILACS, BIREME and Oviatt Library, searching for articles published in English and Portuguese in the last five years, using as keywords: amoxicillina/amoxicillin, antibiótico/antibiotic treatment, cirurgia odontológica/oral surgery and Dente Serotino/third molar. Following the literature review, it was conducted a selection, translation, analytical reading and analysis of the data collected. Conclusion: by way of general conclusion, there are some controversies regarding the prophylactic use of antibiotics to prevent postoperative inflammatory complications in the case of third molars surgery. However, it can be said that based on the current literature in the context of healthy patients this practice should be discouraged.

Parameters of metabolic syndrome and its relationship with zincemia and activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in obese women.

Alterations in antioxidant defense in obese people with metabolic syndrome can contribute to oxidative stress. This study assessed the relationship between the parameters of metabolic syndrome and the zincemia, activity of superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in obese women. Seventy-three premenopausal women, aged between 20 and 50 years, were divided into two groups: case group, composed of obese (n=37), and control group, composed of no obese (n=36). Analyses of zinc intake, parameters of metabolic syndrome, plasma, and erythrocyte zinc, and activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were carried out. The mean values of body mass index of obese women and control group were 34.5±3.4 and 21.7±1.9 kg/m2, respectively (p<0.05). In the study, body mass index, waist circumference, and zinc intake were higher in obese women than control group (p<0.05). The plasma zinc and activity of superoxide dismutase did not show significant differences between obese and controls (p>0.05). The values of erythrocyte zinc was 36.4±15.0 µg/gHb and 45.4±14.3 µg/gHb and of glutathione peroxidase was 46.4±19.4 U/gHb and 36.7±13.6 U/gHb in obese women and controls, respectively (p<0.05). The study shows that there are alterations in biochemical parameters of zinc in obese women, with low zinc concentrations in erythrocytes. Regression analysis demonstrates that the erythrocyte zinc and activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme is influenced by components of the metabolic syndrome, and the plasmatic glucose, body mass index, and waist circumference have a negative correlation with this enzyme.

Saúde bucal na estratégia de saúde da família em um colegiado gestor regional do estado do Piauí / Oral health in the family health strategy in a regional management territory of the state of Piaui

Este estudo transversal avaliou o perfil dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) que trabalham na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e a partir deste, refletiu sobre aspectos do desenvolvimento das ações odontológicas na atenção primária em saúde, de municípios de um colegiado do processo de regionalização sanitária do estado do Piauí, Brasil. O estudo abrangeu os dezenove municípios do referido colegiado. No período de agosto a dezembro de 2008, foram aplicados questionários a 111 CD, que aceitaram participar do estudo e trabalhavam no respectivo território. Os dados foram transferidos para o programa Excel®, tabulados e analisados. Os CD avaliados foram predominantemente do gênero feminino, com idade entre 20-39 anos, tempo de formado entre um a cinco anos. Eles possuem, em sua maioria, curso de especialização em área clínica. A maioria faz visitas domiciliares, mas sem a presença da equipe, com baixa periodicidade e raramente reúne-se com esta. Os resultados apontam problemas que provavelmente são encontrados em outras realidades do território nacional. A tendência do CD à não interdisciplinaridade é questão ainda em aberto, quando examinado o papel da odontologia e sua potencialmente inquestionável participação na estratégia saúde da família.

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the professional profile of dental-surgeons (DS) who work in the Family Health Strategy (FHS), and on the basis of this reflect upon aspects of the development of dental actions in primary health care in municipalities of a health region of the state of Piauí (Brazil) The study covered the nineteen municipalities of the region. The sample consisted of 111 dentists and data was collected using a questionnaire from August to December 2008. An Excel Ò database was created for the statistical analysis. The dentists were predominantly female, aged 20-39 years, with one to five years of professional experience. Most of them are specialists in a clinical field of dentistry and make home care visits. However, these visits are infrequent and without a health team and they rarely meet with the health team to compare notes. The results indicate that the problems that were detected are likely to be the same in other regions of the country. The lack of an interdisciplinary professional approach among DS is an issue to be properly addressed when examining the role of dentistry and its potentially unquestionable participation in the family health strategy.

Intracellular sorting of the tail-anchored protein cytochrome b5 in plants: a comparative study using different isoforms from rabbit and Arabidopsis.

Tail-anchored (TA) proteins are bound to membranes by a hydrophobic sequence located very close to the C-terminus, followed by a short luminal polar region. Their active domains are exposed to the cytosol. TA proteins are synthesized on free cytosolic ribosomes and are found on the surface of every subcellular compartment, where they play various roles. The basic mechanisms of sorting and targeting of TA proteins to the correct membrane are poorly characterized. In mammalian cells, the net charge of the luminal region determines the sorting to the correct target membrane, a positive charge leading to mitochondria and negative or null charge to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here sorting signals of TA proteins were studied in plant cells and compared with those of mammalian proteins, using in vitro translation-translocation and in vivo expression in tobacco protoplasts or leaves. It is shown that rabbit cytochrome b5 (cyt b5) with a negative charge is faithfully sorted to the plant ER, whereas a change to a positive charge leads to chloroplast targeting (instead of to mitochondria as observed in mammalian cells). The subcellular location of two cyt b5 isoforms from Arabidopsis thaliana (At1g26340 and At5g48810, both with positive net charge) was then determined. At5g48810 is targeted to the ER, and At1g26340 to the chloroplast envelope. The results show that the plant ER, unlike the mammalian ER, can accommodate cytochromes with opposite C-terminal net charge, and plant cells have a specific and as yet uncharacterized mechanism to sort TA proteins with the same positive C-terminal charge to different membranes.