RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Indwelling urinary catheters are commonly used in hospitalized patients, which can lead to the development of urinary catheter complications, including catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). Limited reports on the appropriateness of urinary catheter use exist in Japan. This study investigated the prevalence and appropriateness of indwelling urinary catheters, and the incidence of CAUTI in non-intensive care unit (non-ICU) wards in Japanese hospitals. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted in 7 non-ICU wards from 6 hospitals in Japan from October 2017 to June 2018. At each hospital the study teams evaluated urinary catheter prevalence through in-person bedside evaluation for at least 5 days of each week for 3 months. Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) incidence and appropriateness of catheter use was collected via chart review. RESULTS: We assessed 710 catheter-days over 5528 patient-days. The mean prevalence of indwelling urinary catheter use in participating wards was 13% (range: 5% to 19%), while the mean incidence of CAUTI was 9.86 per 1000 catheter-days (range: 0 to 33.90). Approximately 66% of the urinary catheter days assessed had an appropriate indication for use (range: 17% to 81%). A physician's order for catheter placement was present in only 10% of catheterized patients. CONCLUSION: This multicenter study provides epidemiological information about the appropriate use of urinary catheters in Japanese non-ICU wards. A multimodal intervention may help improve the appropriate use of urinary catheters.
Assuntos
Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter , Infecção Hospitalar , Infecções Urinárias , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/epidemiologia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/etiologia , Cateteres de Demora/efeitos adversos , Infecção Hospitalar/complicações , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Hospitais , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Cateterismo Urinário/efeitos adversos , Cateteres Urinários/efeitos adversos , Infecções Urinárias/etiologiaRESUMO
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome was diagnosed in a febrile woman in Japan after a tick bite. However, Rickettsia japonica DNA was retrospectively detected in the eschar specimen, suggesting co-infection from the bite. Establishment of the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection might have overpowered the R. japonica infection.
Assuntos
Coinfecção , Infecções por Rickettsia , Rickettsia , Febre Grave com Síndrome de Trombocitopenia , Picadas de Carrapatos , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Estudos RetrospectivosAssuntos
Bancos de Espécimes Biológicos , Chá , Humanos , Causas de Morte , Fatores de Risco , Reino Unido/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Alcoolismo/complicações , Deficiência de Tiamina/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalopatia de Wernicke/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tiamina/administração & dosagem , Deficiência de Tiamina/complicações , Deficiência de Tiamina/fisiopatologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Complexo Vitamínico B/administração & dosagem , Encefalopatia de Wernicke/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalopatia de Wernicke/etiologiaAssuntos
Vazamento de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/diagnóstico por imagem , Cefaleia/diagnóstico , Hipotensão Intracraniana/diagnóstico , Adulto , Placa de Sangue Epidural/métodos , Vazamento de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/etiologia , Feminino , Cefaleia/etiologia , Humanos , Hipotensão Intracraniana/etiologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Mrakia hoshinonis JCM 32575 was isolated from glacial sediments on Ellesmere Island in the Canadian High Arctic and described as a new basidiomycetous yeast. This species does not require amino acids and vitamins for growth and can grow at sub-zero temperatures. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of this strain.
RESUMO
The biological effects of bilirubin, still poorly understood, are concentration-dependent ranging from cell protection to toxicity. Here we present data that at high nontoxic physiological concentrations, bilirubin inhibits growth of proliferating human coronary artery smooth muscle cells by three events. It impairs the activation of Raf/ERK/MAPK pathway and the cellular Raf and cyclin D1 content that results in retinoblastoma protein hypophosphorylation on amino acids S608 and S780. These events impede the release of YY1 to the nuclei and its availability to regulate the expression of genes and to support cellular proliferation. Moreover, altered calcium influx and calpain II protease activation leads to proteolytical degradation of transcription factor YY1. We conclude that in the serum-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle primary cell cultures, bilirubin favors growth arrest, and we propose that this activity is regulated by its interaction with the Raf/ERK/MAPK pathway, effect on cyclin D1 and Raf content, altered retinoblastoma protein profile of hypophosphorylation, calcium influx, and YY1 proteolysis. We propose that these activities together culminate in diminished 5 S and 45 S ribosomal RNA synthesis and cell growth arrest. The observations provide important mechanistic insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the transition of human vascular smooth muscle cells from proliferative to contractile phenotype and the role of bilirubin in this transition.
Assuntos
Bilirrubina/farmacologia , Cálcio/metabolismo , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-raf/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição YY1/metabolismo , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Western Blotting , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/fisiologia , Masculino , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Liso Vascular/citologia , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Cultura Primária de Células , RNA Ribossômico/genética , RNA Ribossômico/metabolismo , Proteína do Retinoblastoma/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Insuficiência Adrenal/diagnóstico , Hipopituitarismo/diagnóstico por imagem , Apoplexia Hipofisária/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Adrenal/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Adrenal/etiologia , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/deficiência , Hidrocortisona/uso terapêutico , Hipoglicemia/etiologia , Hipopituitarismo/tratamento farmacológico , Hipopituitarismo/etiologia , Hipotensão/etiologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Apoplexia Hipofisária/complicações , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Periostin (Pn) is involved in multiple processes of cancer progression. Previously, we reported that Pn expression is correlated with mesenchymal tumor markers and poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In the TNBC xenograft model, chemotherapy increased expression of a Pn alternative splicing variant (ASV) with exon 21, and administration of the neutralizing antibody against Pn with exon 21 (Pn-21 Ab) overcame chemoresistance with a reduction in the mesenchymal cancer cell fraction. In the present study, the role of Pn ASV with exon 21 in TNBC progression has been addressed. We first established a stable cell line carrying a fluorescence-based splicing reporter. Pn-positive TNBC has higher expression of genes related to tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) recruitment and ECM-receptor interaction than Pn-negative cells. In a xenograft model, only Pn-positive cells initiated tumor formation, and the Pn-21 Ab suppressed tumor cell growth, accompanied by decreased M2 TAM polarization and the number of tumor vessels. These data suggest that cancer cell-derived Pn ASV educates TAMs and regulates angiogenesis, which in turn establishes a microenvironmental niche that is supportive of TNBC.
RESUMO
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is secreted from stromal and mesenchymal cells, and its receptor cMet is expressed on various types of cells such as smooth muscle cells, fibroblast, and endothelial cells. HGF stimulates epithelial and endothelial cell proliferation, motility, and morphogenesis in a paracrine and autocrine manner, organizing multistep of angiogenesis in many organs. In addition, HGF is recognized as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic growth factor, which has been proved in several animal studies, including neointimal hyperplasia and acute myocardial infarction model in rodent. Thus, as compared to other angiogenic growth factors, HGF exerts multiple effects on ischemic tissues, accompanied by the regression of tissue inflammation and fibrosis. These data suggest the therapeutic potential of the HGF for peripheral artery disease as it being accompanied with chronic tissue inflammation and fibrosis. In the present narrative review, the pleiotropic action of the HGF that differentiates it from other angiogenic growth factors is discussed first, and later, outcomes of the human clinical study with gene therapy are overviewed.
RESUMO
Four disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were respectively derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two affected individuals in a family affected by familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus carrying the c.314G>C mutation. The expression of pluripotency markers (NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2), maintenance of a normal karyotype, absence of episomal vectors used for iPSC generation, and presence of the original pathogenic mutation were confirmed for each iPSC line. The ability to differentiate into three germ layers was confirmed by a teratoma formation assay. These iPSC lines can help in disease recapitulation in vitro using organoids and elucidation of disease mechanisms.
Assuntos
Diabetes Insípido Neurogênico , Diabetes Mellitus , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem Celular , Humanos , Leucócitos Mononucleares , MutaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Twist, a transcription factor of the basic helix-loop-helix class, is reported to regulate cancer metastasis. It is known to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we evaluated the expression of twist and its effect on cell migration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: We examined twist expression using immunohistochemistry in 20 tissue samples of hepatocellular carcinoma, and assessed twist expression in HCC cell lines by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Ectopic twist expression was created by introducing a twist construct in the twist-negative HCC cell lines. Endogenous twist expression was blocked by twist siRNA in the twist-positive HCC cell lines. We studied EMT related markers, E-cadherin, Vimentin, and N-cadherin by Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay, and cell migration was measured by in vitro wound healing assay. We used immunofluorescent vinculin staining to visualize focal adhesion. RESULTS: We detected strong and intermediate twist expression in 7 of 20 tumor samples, and no significant twist expression was found in the tumor-free resection margins. In addition, we detected twist expression in HLE, HLF, and SK-Hep1 cells, but not in PLC/RPF/5, HepG2, and Huh7 cells. Ectopic twist-expressing cells demonstrated enhanced cell motility, but twist expression did not affect cell proliferation. Twist expression induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition together with related morphologic changes. Focal adhesion contact was reduced significantly in ectopic twist-expressing cells. Twist-siRNA-treated HLE, HLF, and SK-Hep1 cells demonstrated a reduction in cell migration by 50, 40 and 18%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Twist induces migratory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma by causing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Movimento Celular/fisiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/biossíntese , Proteína 1 Relacionada a Twist/biossíntese , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Adesão Celular/fisiologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Inativação Gênica , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Proteína 1 Relacionada a Twist/genéticaRESUMO
Serum des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is commonly used to detect hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review focuses on the clinical features of DCP-positive HCC and the molecular function of DCP in HCC. DCP-positive HCC demonstrates more aggressive clinicopathological features than DCP-negative HCC. Analysis of the biological effects of DCP revealed that DCP acts as a growth factor in both an autocrine and paracrine manner. DCP stimulates HCC cell proliferation through the Met-Janus kinase 1-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway, whereas for vascular endothelial cells, it stimulates cell proliferation and migration through the kinase insert domain receptor-phospholipase C-gamma-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Precursores de Proteínas/metabolismo , Protrombina/metabolismo , Carbono-Carbono Ligases/genética , Carbono-Carbono Ligases/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Células Endoteliais/fisiologia , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Prognóstico , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologiaRESUMO
This paper details the clinical history and management of a 20-year-old male patient who presented with a 2-year history of a neck swelling which was gradually enlarging during the last 3 months. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as an adenomatous nodule of the thyroid gland.